Mankhwala - ndichiyani? Kukonzekera kwa glucocorticosteroids: zizindikiro, contraindications

Mankhwala - ndichiyani? Apanga kotekisi mahomoni adrenal ndi mankhwala kupanga gulu ndi kuthekera kwakukulu mankhwala ndi dzina. Tsiku ndi tsiku iwo anafotokozedwa monga mankhwala. Kutheka ntchito apakhungu mahomoni awa kwambiri yafupika chiopsezo zotsatira wamba mbali. Kupanga glucocorticoids ziletsa chitukuko cha kutupa mu thupi.

mitundu ya glucocorticosteroids

Glucocorticoids, monga tochepa, cortisone ndi corticosterone - zachilengedwe steroid mahomoni wa kotekisi adrenal. linanena bungwe yaikulu malinga ndi kayendedwe circadian. A chiwerengero zazikulu ndi allocated pa zofuna okwera a thupi mahomoni izi. Iwo chichokera progesterone mu mtengo ndi mauna wosanjikiza wa kotekisi adrenal. Magaziwo poyendetsedwa transcortin. Glucocorticoids kuchita kudzera maselo okhudza maselo ambiri. Zikukhudzira kagayidwe chakudya, mapuloteni ndi mafuta. mahomoni iwonso ziletsa njira yotupa, wotchedwa mankhwala odana ndi yotupa. Iwo anafunika kuthetsa nkhawa kwambiri m'thupi la munthu.

Kupanga njira mahomoni ndi

Kupanga mankhwala - ndichiyani? Oimira achire ntchito glucocorticoids (corticosteroids), kupanga, wodziwika colloquially monga steroid a. Iwo ndi mphamvu chachikulu chotsutsa-yotupa ntchito kuposa mankhwala achilengedwe.

Mu mankhwala pharmacological - makamaka ngati mankhwala odana ndi yotupa, osachepera - monga odana ndi matupi awo sagwirizana ndi immunosuppressive mankhwala ntchito mankhwala. ntchito zawo mankhwalawa zofala pamene adrenal insufficiency. kanthu chawo chachikulu ndicho chopinga mosiyanasiyana yotupa, mwachitsanzo. E. Mu kutsekereza phospholipase A _2, imbaenda yafupika yopanga owayimira yotupa.

Monga ulamuliro, muyezo mlingo wa mankhwala ntchito mankhwala timadzi kuti sayambitsa kuoneka zotsatira zina zoyipa. Ndi bwino kutenga mankhwala mu mlingo umodzi malinga ndi kayendedwe thupi la tochepa katulutsidwe m'thupi, ndiko kuti, mu zoyambirira za tsiku. mankhwala Glucocorticosteroid kumaphatikizapo kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono timadzi mlingo kutumikiridwa pa gawo lotsiriza la mankhwala (kupewa manja a kotekisi adrenal).

Mankhwala angathe kuperekedwa pakamwa, ndi zinthu pachimake (pamaso pa kuwopsyeza kwa moyo) - mu mawonekedwe a jekeseni kapena kulowetsedwa m'nsinga. ntchito zawo ziyenera kulamulidwa, mwachitsanzo. E. Ntchito kokha pamene pali zodziwika bwino ndi umboni izi, kutenga nkhani zotsatira zotheka mbali. Mlingo ayenera anasankha munthu mmodzi wodwala aliyense, iwo ayenera kusinthidwa malingana ndi kuopsa kwa matenda.

Mankhwala ntchito pakhungu

mahomoni Adrenocortical adzalandira odana ndi yotupa, immunosuppressive ndi zotsatira antipruritic. Iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito pakhungu matenda khungu. Apakhungu mankhwala - wothandizira zokhudza mankhwala zofala kwambiri ntchito zochizira matenda dermatological. Iwo akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa matenda a:

• chikanga;
• dermatitis;
• erythema.

Mafuta ndi glucocorticosteroids ntchito mankhwalawa psoriasis. Komanso pofuna kuchotsa zizindikiro za kutupa ndi kuyabwa khungu ntchito angakhale angelo, creams, lotions. Zakumwa zokhala ndi mankhwala analimbikitsa ntchito pa scalp ndi. Monga mankhwala mosalekeza, ndipo nthawi yosowa ntchito wothandizila steroidal, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ofooka (chifukwa popewa mavuto).

Mankhwala mankhwalawa dongosolo kupuma

wothandizila m'thupi la mankhwala ntchito pa matenda a kutupa bronchial kunathandiza chidwi kwambiri. Pambuyo oyamba ndi kuchepa mucosal edema ndi ntchofu katulutsidwe, limabwezeretsa yachibadwa bronchial epithelium. Chiyambi cha mankhwala mu thupi kumabwezera mmbuyo gawo mochedwa ziwengo, komanso kuchuluka ayankhe bronchial. kusiyanitsa:

1. Mankhwala mu mawonekedwe a dzanzi inhalation. Iwo ali ambiri ankakonda mtundu wa mankhwala ntchito pa matenda a mitundu yonse mphumu.
2. Corticosteroids, ntchito mu mawonekedwe a jekeseni mu dongosolo magazi. Mtundu ntchito kokha mphumu akulu njira zina mankhwala alephera.
3. Mankhwala kwa makonzedwe m'kamwa Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito mankhwala yochepa pa nthawi imene exacerbations.

Mankhwala mankhwalawa matenda rheumatoid

Njira ntchito pofuna kuthana ndi vuto la misempha, ndi mankhwala. Kodi izo, ndi zimene mankhwala ntchito pofuna kuchiza misempha, tione. matenda Rheumatoid okha mu ndondomeko mankhwala. mankhwala steroid akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yochepa. Komabe, nthawi zambiri ntchito polimbana ndi maonekedwe a malungo (pa kutsegula kwa matenda). Mankhwala gulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a kutupa kwa m'malo olumikizirana mafupa a msana. Glucocorticosteroids ndi ntchito ambiri mu zochizira matenda enaake ophwanya:

• prednisone, prednisolone, osachepera - deksamitazon (p.o.);
• metilprednizon, betamethasone.

Glucocorticoids ndi phindu pa matenda hematological

Glucocorticoids (cortisone, prednisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone) ndi gulu la mankhwala zambiri ntchito immunosuppressive matenda a dongosolo hematopoietic. pathogenesis ake n'zotheka yotupa zochita ndi zochitika autoimmune. Prednisone, ndi Zikavuta - metilprednizon ntchito m'nsinga mankhwalawa magazi m'thupi kugwirizana ndi thrombocytopenia. Mankhwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi propensity kwa magazi, monga amatsogolera ndi kuwonjezeka kupatsidwa zinthu za m'mwazi kuwerengedwa.

Mankhwala ndi insufficiency adrenal

Pankhani ya matenda "hypoadrenalism" ntchito glucocorticosteroids kupanga. N'chiyani chimene zizindikiro zimapezeka mu matenda? Kumachitika kwenikweni zokhudzana utachepa ulimi wa mahomoni corticoid (matenda Addison a). Corticosteroids ntchito mankhwalawa pachimake kapena aakulu adrenal insufficiency. Chifukwa cha mankhwala - tochepa (kapena gidrokortizol).

Glucocorticosteroids ndi thupi lawo siligwirizana

Mankhwalawa thupi lawo siligwirizana amagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala. mankhwala otere ikuchitika pa zizindikiro makezana za nyengo matupi awo sagwirizana rhinitis, conjunctivitis ndi urticaria kapena ndi zochita yotupa zokhudzana ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono. Pofuna kupewa zisadzachitikenso mosiyanasiyana anaphylactic zambiri ntchito, hydrocortisone (200 mg i.v.) kapena prednisolone (20 mg wa m'nsinga). Ndi mankhwala otchuka, atengedwa pa chimfine, chifukwa chifuwa ndi: flunisolid ndi fluticasone Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti mofulumira kwambiri kuchotsa m'mphuno kuchulukana.

mavuto a mankhwala

zochita zosiyanasiyana zimachitika chifukwa cha kachitidwe pa wamanjenje dongosolo ndi kagayidwe pamene anatengedwa mahomoni adrenocortical. Chiopsezo mavuto kumawonjezera pamene mankhwala gulu ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali kapena pa mlingo waukulu. mtundu awo, pafupipafupi ndiponso azikhala zimadalira kwambiri monga mtundu wa mankhwala.

Za mavuto a corticosteroids ndi:

• kukwezedwa kwa shuga m'magazi (mankhwala akhoza kusokoneza insulin kanthu);
• kuchuluka chiopsezo kukhala shuga;
• kuchuluka chiopsezo chilonda muzituluka ndi mmatumbo chilonda;
• kufooka kwa mafupa ndi liwiro kukula kwa ana;
• syndrome Cushing ndi;
• matenda a m'maganizo (tulo, mmene alili, wosangalala monyanyira-maganizo, misala);
• khunyu odwala ndi khunyu;
• adrenal insufficiency;
• oopsa.

Komanso, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala glucocorticoid pa mlingo waukulu amalimbikitsa candidiasis wa M'mimbamo m'kamwa ndi nkusani m'mphuno, mkamwa youma, hoarseness, kutsokomola, magazi a nembanemba mucous.