Mankhwala "zyvox": malangizo ntchito, analogs

Mankhwalawa toyambitsa matenda dokotala zambiri mankhwala mankhwala. Mankhwalawa ndi nambala yaikulu mitundu. Kumene, mitundu yonse ya mankhwala antiseptic mankhwala n'zosatheka kudziwa, koma ena mankhwala ndi matenda bakiteriya ali wa chidwi.

Mmodzi wa mankhwala amakono, amene anapereka mu msika wathu wa mankhwala - ndi "zyvox". Malangizo ntchito mankhwala limasonyeza kuti wothandizila antimicrobial chiyambi kupanga. Adzaupereka kwa gulu lapadera - oxazolidinone. Waukulu yogwira pophika ndi linezolid. zotsatira za mankhwala "zyvox", malangizo ntchito, analogs, mavuto ndi contraindications: Next ife mfundo zotsatirazi tikambirana.

Mu mawonekedwe amapangidwa?

Mankhwala akupezeka mu njira ziwiri mlingo:

• Mu mawonekedwe a granules, wonyika mu woyera kapena chikasu mtundu ndi kukoma lalanje. Awa yothetsera pereoralnogo ntchito ndi chiyembekezo mu 5ml wa anamaliza kuyimitsidwa adzakhala ali 100 mg wa linezolid. granules The anaikidwa pa udindo zokwawa 150 ml. Komanso mu phukusi ali ndi supuni kuyeza ndi mwambo womaliza maphunziro (2.5 ndi 5 ml ya kuyimitsidwa).
• Mu mawonekedwe a miyala yomwe 600 mg wa linezolid. phukusi ali chithuza ndi miyala 10 mkati.
• Kulowetsedwa njira munali 2 mg wa linezolid / 1 ml, mu phukusi la 100, 200, 300 ml.

Kodi zotsatira pharmacological mankhwala?

Yogwira mankhwala linezolid amatha kudutsa mu selo bakiteriya, kumanga kwa ribosomes awo ndipo ziletsa mapuloteni kaphatikizidwe. Chifukwa, tizilombo aphedwa.

Against tizilombo uliwonse kumathandiza mankhwala?

Mankhwala "zyvox" malangizo Buku limene silipita aliyense phukusi ndi mankhwala omwe bwino amachita pa tizilombo zotsatirazi:

• Galamu HIV aerobic mabakiteriya: Enterococcus, Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus;
• Galamu alibe aerobic mabakiteriya a mtundu Pasteurella;
• Galamu HIV anaerobic mabakiteriya: Clostridium ndi peptostreptokokki;
• Galamu alibe anaerobic mabakiteriya a genera prevotella, bakteroides, mauka.

Kuti linezolid mabakiteriya amtengo atengeke wa genera Moraxella, Legionella, Mycoplasma.

Palinso tizilombo zomwe kuonetsa kukana kuti linezolid, gawo la mankhwala "zyvox". Malangizo ntchito amasonyeza zotsatirazi mitundu kugonjetsedwa kwa: Haemophilus mabakiteriya, komanso yobereka enterobakteriatsea, nizera ndi Pseudomonas.

Kodi matenda imasonyezedwa mankhwala?

Mankhwala "zyvox" akapatsidwa matenda otsatirawa:

• Matenda opatsirana ndi yotupa amene oyamba ndi bakiteriya amene amazindikira mankhwala anapatsidwa.
• Mu matenda a chibayo nosocomial kapena dera zinazake.
• Ndi zotupa matenda a pa khungu ndi zimakhala zofewa thupi la munthu.
• Pamaso pa matenda, wothandizira amene ali enterococci naonetsere kukana kuti vancomycin.

Komanso, "zyvox" mankhwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito monga zikuluzikulu za mtundu kuphatikiza mankhwala pa matenda akuwuka chifukwa mabakiteriya kuti tidziwe alibe.

pharmacokinetics

Linezolid amakhala ndi absorbability mwachilungamo mofulumira ku kapepala m'mimba mu mtsempha wa magazi, kaya wothandizila mawonekedwe kumasulidwa. Kale pambuyo maola 2 pambuyo ka mankhwala, ndende zake plasma ikufika pazipita. Linezolid amakhala ndi bioavailability mokwanira ndipo mofulumira ndi kugawa ake ziwalo ndipo zimakhala. Posayang'anira ndende ya mankhwala mu magazi 31% womangidwa kwa mapulotini plasma.

Anthu, linezolid ndi zimapukusidwa ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni kwa mankhwala awiri amene alibe kanthu antimicrobial. Iwo excreted ndi impso (pafupifupi 50%) ndi matumbo (kwa 6%). 35% mankhwala si zimapukusidwa excreted ndi mkodzo.

Zachulukazi ndi chizindikiro pharmacokinetics khola, amene amakhala ndi mankhwala "zyvox". Malangizo ntchito malingana ndi kusowa mayeso mankhwala pa zaka wodwalayo. Choncho, okalamba chiyani popanda anatengera mlingo wa mankhwala mankhwala.

mlingo

The medicament "zyvox" ingaperekedwe kwa dokotala kuti wodwala kwa makonzedwe m'kamwa kapena mu mawonekedwe a makonzedwe mtsempha kulowetsedwa. Komanso wodwala akhoza inasamutsidwa kuchoka ku mtundu umodzi kuti ingestion wina popanda kutaya mphamvu ya mankhwala.

Mankhwala mlingo nthawi kumene adzauka tisonyezeni dokotala, ndi chithandizo cha zinthu izi chifukwa cha zinthu zotsatirazi:

• wotani mabakiteriya chifukwa cha matenda;
• mukuchitika matenda;
• zovuta matenda;
• matenda amapindula mankhwala.

Pamene streptococcal chibayo, dera yotengedwa ndi kuchipatala lembani akulu ndi ana oposa zaka 12 Kwalamulidwa 600 mg wa "zyvox" mankhwala. Buku limasonyeza kuti kutenga mlingo wa mankhwala ayenera akuyendera mawola 12 ndi zinthu nthawi ndi masiku 10-14.

Matenda a khungu kapena zimakhala zofewa zovuta kapena wopepuka chifukwa cha staphylococci, streptococci ndi enterococci kugonjetsedwa vancomycin, kuphatikizapo matenda ashuga phazi syndrome (popanda osteomyelitis) anatumizidwa mlingo "zyvox" 600 mg. Malangizo akutinso kuti imeneyi pakati mankhwala ayenera maola 12. The njira ya mankhwala kumatenga masiku 10-14, koma zikhoza kwa masiku 28 pa mankhwala kuchipatala.

Ngati wodwalayo kuwonongeka aimpso, ndi kusintha mlingo wa mankhwala ayenera. Njira hemodialysis linezolid amachotsedwa pa nthawi 3 h. Mogwirizana ndi zimenezi, mankhwala ayenera kumwedwa pambuyo pa mwambowu pa kuyeretsa magazi. Odwala amene anapezeka ndi kulephera chiwindi, ndipo popanda anatengera mlingo.

Odwala zaka wocheperapo 12 akapatsidwa okha mawonekedwe a kulowetsedwa mankhwala "zyvox". Malangizo ntchito mu makanda ndi ana limasonyeza kuti linezolid kumwedwa mu mlingo wa 10 mg / kg thupi la mwana pa pafupipafupi mu mawola 8. The njira ya mankhwala kwa masiku 10 mpaka 14. Mlingowu mankhwala mankhwala apakhungu m'dera-yotengedwa ndi nosocomial chibayo, matenda minofu zofewa, ndi khungu, komanso kuthana ndi matenda enterococcal.

m'chimake zoteteza zopangidwa zojambulazo, atachotsedwa yomweyo isanafike ndondomeko kulowetsedwa. M'pofunika onani phukusi kwa kuchucha ndi kufinya kwa 1 miniti. CD Leaky unusable chifukwa sanali sterility. Yankho kulowetsedwa ndi kutumikiridwa pa nthawi ya mphindi 30-120.

Features ya ntchito

Pali zina phwando "zyvox" mankhwala. Buku limasonyeza kuti matenda amayamba ndi galamu alibe mabakiteriya, m'pofunika kugwirizana mankhwala owonjezera ntchito ndi gulu la tizilombo.

Pamene kulandira linezolid odwala ena angagwe kusintha myelosuppression. Malinga ndi nthawi ya mankhwala amakhala ndi magazi m'thupi, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia kapena pancytopenia. Yachokera pa kafukufuku izi, polojekiti udindo magazi ayenera kuchitika odwala ndi chiopsezo magazi. Komanso, zonsezi yoyenerera ngati wodwalayo anali ndi mbiri ya myelosuppression kapena amatenga mankhwala kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi maselo othandiza magazi kuundana kapena ntchito yawo. Kafukufuku udindo magazi ndi kofunikira pa nthawi yaitali mankhwala (masiku 14) komanso.

Odwala ena kulandira linezopida akhozanso kukopeka ndi chiopsezo cha matenda a m'matumbo, pseudomembranous chikhalidwe cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokoka.

Kutsekula m'mimba ndi wofala anthu kutenga mankhwala pafupipafupi. mmene amenewa mbali zingasiyane ofatsa kwambiri. Ngakhale kutenga mankhwala, "zyvox" mapiritsi kapena kuyimitsidwa pali yimitsira wa microflora yachibadwa matumbo ndipo overgrowth mabakiteriya a mtundu Clostridium. Mu ndondomeko ya moyo wawo izi chamoyo umabala poizoni A ndi magulu B, ndipo amayambitsa kutsekula m'mimba. misinkhu okwera a zigawo izi akhoza chakupha odwala. odwala onse amene akhala akukonza mtundu wa m'mimba, muyenera kusamala ndi achipatala kwa miyezi 2.

Nthawi zina, ndi kuwonongeka mankhwalawa mankhwala "zyvox". Malangizo ntchito ana ndi akulu, kusonyeza kusintha zotheka mtundu maganizo, cholinga zithunzi, kupunduka kumunda, amaona. Mu milandu, wodwala ayenera yomweyo kufunsa dokotala wamaso. Ngati mankhwalawa atengedwa ndi wodwala pa nthawi yaitali (miyezi oposa 3), ndiye kuvomerezedwa kuti ulamuliro wa. Pa zosayembekezereka ndi chitukuko cha zinthu monga neuropathy zotumphukira kapena mitsempha chamawonedwe, funso la kutha kwa mankhwala ngati phindu ndi zosakwana chivulazo thanzi.

Komanso, panali malipoti a acidosis lactic tikadwala "zyvox". Izo kumaonekera mwa mawonekedwe a nseru, kusanza, acidosis kapena popanda kuchepetsa anions carbonate. zodabwitsazi ayenera kuyang'aniridwa katswiri zachipatala.

Ngati wodwalayo kufunika molumikizana ndi "zyvox" kutenga kusankha serotonin reuptake zoletsa, ayenera kumwedwa moyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala kuti azindikire serotonin syndrome: wolephera wa ntchito chidziwitso, hyperreflexia, hyperpyrexia, ndi incoordination. Pamaso pa zochitika anafotokoza opangidwa discontinuation mankhwala limodzi kapena onse. Choncho pali discoloration a dzino enamel, amene anachotsa kuyeretsa akatswiri.

Pali chenjezo wina kulandira "zyvox" mankhwala. Malangizo ntchito (mapiritsi kapena granules kwa kuyimitsidwa - zilibe kanthu) limati: thandizo linezolid ali osavomerezeka magalimoto galimoto, kasamalidwe wapadera zipangizo ndi ntchito yokhudza chiopsezo ku moyo ndi thanzi.

ndi mavuto mankhwala ndi chiyani?

zosiyanasiyana chokhwima zomwe zingachitike mu mtima pamene anatenga nthumwi mankhwala "zyvox 600 mg" wachinsinsi ndi kukhalapo kwa pafupipafupi ku kaŵirikaŵiri kwambiri (10%) ndi chosowa kwambiri (0.01%).

Childs, mavuto mankhwalawa mankhwala "zyvox" malangizo ntchito njira imeneyi kapena piritsi, chodabwitsa otchedwa wofatsa kapena zolimbitsa mwamphamvu. mtengo wapadera ali ndi makhalidwe awa:

• nseru;
• m'mimba;
• mutu.

Odwala wamkulu akhoza kuona kudzimbidwa, kusanza, kupweteka m'mimba, bloating, ndi matenda vulvovaginal wa M'mimbamo m'kamwa.

Ndi kawirikawiri zikuchitika mphamvu ya mankhwala "zyvox" malangizo ntchito (ana pamwamba zaka 12 ndipo akuluakulu) adzaitana kusintha mu mtundu wa chinenero cha mtundu.

Kuchokera pa maphunziro choyezera, akhoza ankanena kuti pa mankhwala ndi mankhwala kawirikawiri wapezeka thrombocytopenia. Si choncho nthawi zonse anati kuwonjezeka milingo mwazi wa triglycerides, nthenda kutsegula kwa chiwindi michere alt, Ast, phosphatase zamchere, LDH ndi lipase ndi amylase. kuwonjezeka ndende ya bilirubin okwana creatine ndi prolactin komanso kulembedwa.

Mantha dongosolo la wodwala akhoza kuchita kwa mankhwala ndi linezolid. Izi kaŵirikaŵiri mu vertigo ndi kupweteka kwa mutu, komanso omangana. N'kukhala kuwonekera kwa zotsatira mankhwala mbali milandu kulawa chisokonezo.

Kusintha uziyenda wabwinobwino wa chapakati mantha dongosolo zingachititse "zyvox" (mapiritsi). Guide limasonyeza tulo zachilendo odwala m'kati mwa mankhwala ndi yokonza ichi mankhwala.

Machitidwe a dongosolo genitourinary mankhwala ntchito "zyvox" ungasonyezedwere mawonekedwe a candidiasis ukazi.

Nthawi zambiri kumeneko ndi cutaneous kuwonekera kwa chithandizo linezolid mu mawonekedwe a totupa.

Mwa zotsatira zina mbali angatchedwe zochitika febrile ndi mwayi mafangasi matenda amene amapezeka infrequently.

Komanso, pamene "zyvox" kuphunzira mankhwala amene asunga milandu magazi kuthamanga, kuyabwa ndi kudzimbidwa.

Linezolid mankhwalawa kwa wodwala msinkhu wa zaka 12 mpaka 17, Nthawi zambiri izi zotsatira osafunika:

• m'mimba, kusanza, kupweteka m'mimba;
• vertigo, migraine;
• totupa;
• matenda opatsirana a chapamwamba Airways, chifuwa, zilonda zapakhosi;
• malungo;
• ululu womwe ndi wovuta kufotokoza kutanthauzira.

zochitika zotsatirazi angayambe komanso yodziwika ndi pafupipafupi m'munsi:

• eosinophilia;
• kuwonjezera triglycerides, alt, lipase ndi creatine;
• kuyabwa.

zotsatira zina mbali anali wapezeka pa kafukufuku ovutika omwe amakhala ndi "zyvox" (njira, ndi miyala). Njirazi ndi monga:

• kusintha myelosuppression;
• neuropathy ya mitsempha chamawonedwe;
• anaphylaxis;
• khalidwe angioneurotic edema;
• lactic acidosis;
• zotumphukira neuropathy khalidwe;
• discoloration a dzino enamel;
• kuzizira;
• kutopa;
• serotonin syndrome.

Monga "zyvox kuti" pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena?

Pamene Co-kutumikiridwa ndi cytochrome palibe kusintha anamuona pa ntchito lomaliza.

Ngati pa nthawi yomweyo mankhwala linezolid ndi monoamine oxidase zoletsa, zotsatira yamasika kumatheka. Kuchokera pa mfundo imeneyi, m'pofunika kuchepetsa mlingo wa agonists ndi Dofaminomimetiki.

Pamene Co-kutumikiridwa mankhwala "zyvox" ndi antidepressants zomwe ziletsa kutengedwa wa serotonin, serotonin syndrome angagwe.

Pankhani ya co-makonzedwe ndi "aztreonam" kapena "Gentamycin" farmakinetika linezolid silinkachitidwa.

Co-makonzedwe ndi "Rifampicin 'amatanthauza kutsitsa ndende makismalnaya" zyvox "- mpaka 32%.

contraindications

The mankhwala ndi zosavomerezeka ntchito ndi odwala ndi kuchuluka kudziwa Gawo kapena zina mwa matabwa ake.

Ngati wodwala amatenga phenelzine kapena isocarboxazid, linezolid ndiye angathe kumwedwa pa mankhwala, ndi masabata 2 yaitali.

Ngati simungathe kudziletsa kuthamanga magazi, "zyvox" zosavomerezeka kwa odwala ndi matenda otsatirawa:

• wosakhazikika oopsa;
• hyperthyroidism;
• pheochromocytoma;
• komanso phwando limodzi ndi agonists ndi Dofaminomimetiki.

Pa ndikosatheka mosamala wodwalayo kuti ngozi ya serotonin syndrome "zyvox" sangathe anawapatsa zinthu zotsatirazi:

• pamaso matenda carcinoid;
• utsogoleli wa mankhwala amene ziletsa reuptake wa serotonin, tricyclic antidepressants mitundu mankhwalawa "Miperedina" ndi "buspirone".

Piritsi mawonekedwe "zyvox" ali contraindicated ana osaposera zaka 12 chifukwa cha ndikosatheka kusankha mlingo chokwanira.

mankhwala akusonyeza mankhwala pamene ubwino kuyembekezera kwa izo kuposa ngozi milandu zotsatirazi:

• aimpso ndi kwa chiwindi insufficiency;
• matenda zokhudza zonse;
• Mimba ndi mkaka wa m'mawere.

Kodi kukhala mankhwala ambiri osokoneza?

Mu maphunziro matenda, komanso ntchito zina za kukonzekera "zyvox" mu chipatala kapena dera anapeza ntchito ambiri osokoneza sanali wapezeka. Pamene izi zimachitika Ndi bwino mankhwala symptomatic.

Yosungirako ndi kumasulidwa

Mankhwala "zyvox" likupezeka mu pharmacies ndi mankhwala. Pitirizani ayenera kukhala pamalo okha ndi chinyontho ndi dzuwa pa kutentha osati kuposa 30˚C, kuchepetsa mwayi ana.

analogs

Mu nkhani ya unacceptability mankhwala "zyvox" analogs wa tiganizira kufanana ingaperekedwe kwa mankhwala zotsatira yaikulu ya mankhwala yogwira:

• Pamene chibayo ndi chifuwa - "Doxycycline hydrochloride" "Bronhorus" "Arlette".
• Pamene bakteialnyh matenda - "Chloramphenicol 0,25 ga", "Vankomabol", "Lifakson".
• Ndi matenda a khungu - "Benzathine Benzylpenicillin", "Sulfadimetoksin".
• Pamene nonhealing mabala - "Tsifaleksina ndi sodium mchere", "Liphuzol".

Kuti mankhwala mu mndandanda ayenera dokotala yekha, chifukwa aliyense mankhwala ali ake zikuonetsa, contraindications, makamaka phwando.