Maselo ofiira: yachibadwa ndi zotheka kukanidwa

Magazi, komanso minofu aliyense wapangidwa ndi maselo wozengereza kagayidwe awo zinthu intercellular. The chiŵerengero cha iwo n'chakuti ngati slurry anapanga zinthu (maselo) mu sing'anga madzi.

selo mapangidwe akupezeka mafupa zikumera ofiira ndi oyera, kenaka sinusoids angapo iwo kulowa m'magazi, kumene iwo amagwira ntchito yawo apadera kwambiri. Koma izo zisanachitike, iwo mwanjira Mipikisano gawo zosiyanasiyana za okwana selo kholo pluripotent tsinde maselo okhwima maselo: leukopenia, kupatsidwa zinthu za m'mwazi ndi maselo ofiira, mlingo wa maselo amenewa zavuta kwanthawi ngati kusonyezedwa kwa malipilo kapena kudwala. Otsiriza awa ali conveyors yaikulu ya mpweya, pamene otsala magazi woyera (leucocytes, imakhala 5 sukulu) maselo mbale (othandiza magazi kuundana) analengeza zochita chitetezo m'zigawozigawo. Mwachitsanzo, lymphocytes kupereka chitetezo chokwanira, neutrophils, ndi monocytes - phagocytosis ndi proteolysis, ndi bazo- eizonofily - ndi katulutsidwe zinthu biologically yogwira: histamine, thromboxanes, prostaglandins ndi leukotrienes, PAF zimathandiza kuti vasoconstriction ndi kutsegula kwa maselo ena. Othandiza kupanga mtundu wa "pulagi" vuto la kuwonongeka kwa mpanda mtima.

Maselo ofiira, mlingo wa: kapangidwe ndi ntchito

maselo ofiira ndi pakati maselo koposa apadera. ana awo amatchedwa zofunika reticulocytes pa maselo awo kusasitsa pang'onopang'ono kutaya ngale ndi kuchotsa ndi hemoglobin - mapuloteni quaternary dongosolo angathe kupanga kugwirizana ofooka ndi mpweya, n'zosavuta kuti akathyole mu capillaries m'mapapo mwanga, komanso zimavuta mu zimakhala ndi. maselo ofiira bwinobwino ndi mawonekedwe biconcave, chifukwa amapereka angapo ubwino ndi kuwonjezeka m'dera pamwamba wakumanga mpweya ndi kulola "mawonekedwe" ukamapita ziwiya zing'onozing'ono-likungosonyeza wa microvasculature lapansi. Chifukwa anthu amaika mphamvu zambiri ndipo motero mpweya, ndende kwambiri magazi awo ndi maselo ofiira ndi.

Ponseponse kwa akazi ndi 3,9 - 4.7 * 10 ^ 12 / L anthu, mlingo chomwecho ndi 4.0-5.0 x 10 12 / L. Ikufotokozanso amaudindo apamwamba androgen, kumakhudza popatsana pa erythropoiesis. Wina Mbali yofunika kwambiri ya KLA ndi hemoglobin chifukwa pa ndende m'munsi pa buku wagawo magazi ukapezeka pathological chikhalidwe "magazi", limodzi ndi hypoxia ndi ischemia ziwalo kukula. Mtundu chizindikiro zikusonyeza mmene hemoglobin ladzala ndi maselo ofiira. Ponseponse izi index ndi wofanana 0.8-1.05 mayunitsi, pamene mathithi, mungakambirane za hypochromic magazi m'thupi. Komanso normochromic magazi m'thupi angakhale pamene kwambiri hemolysis pamene chiwonongeko kumatheka minofu poyera erythrocytes mlingo umene anakhalabe awo bwino kaphatikizidwe LSP kulephera zimachitika chiwindi ndi ndulu atapita masiku 90-110. Hyperchromic magazi m'thupi anati mu otchedwa megaloblastic magazi m'thupi, akutulukira ndi akusowa vitamini B12 kapena folate-H4, zofunika kwambiri chigawo chimodzi cha erythropoiesis.