Mbali yodziimira yokha

Pakati pa chilankhulo cha Chirasha, mawu amagawidwa mwamtheradi chirichonse. Chiyankhulo china chimatsimikiziridwa ndi zochitika za morphological, ntchito yamakono ndi tanthawuzo lotanthauzira.

Zomwe analembazo zinapangidwa nthawi zonse, pamene chinenero cha Chirasha chinali kukula. Pakadali pano, mbali zosiyana zazinthu (zokwanira) ndi zigawo za boma zimasankhidwa. Kusiyanitsa kuyanjana kwa madandaulo, mawu omveka ndi onomatopoeia.

Mbali yodziimira yokha (mwazinthu zina imatchedwanso ofunika) imasonyeza zinthu, kuchuluka, katundu, ntchito, khalidwe, chikhalidwe. Iwo ali ndi matanthauzidwe a zilembo ndi tanthauzo la zilembo. Kuphatikiza apo, iwo amapanga ntchito yomangika, akuyankhula mu ndondomeko monga wamkulu kapena membala membala.

Mbali yodziimira yokhayokha ili ndi mitundu isanu ndi iwiri ya mawu: dzina la chiwerengero, chilankhulo ndi dzina, verebu, chilankhulo, chidziwitso ndi gulu la boma. Si onse omwe angasinthe mawonekedwe awo kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Luso limeneli ndilokha lokha la maina a ziganizo, mayina, nambala, ndi matanthauzo ndi zilembo. Gawo la boma (kusowa kwa nthawi, chisoni, rad) ndi ziganizo alibe njira zopanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kusiyana kwazing'ono ndi ziganizo zapamwamba zomwe zimatha kupanga madigiridwe oyenera.

Pa gulu la boma (kapena chonenedweratu) m'pofunika kuti musiye mosiyana, chifukwa sichikusiyana ndi magalama onse. Izi zinachitika koyamba ndi V. V. Vinogradov ndi L. V. Shcherba. Ndipo kumvetsetsa kwa ndondomekoyi ndi yopapatiza komanso yotalika. Pachiyambi choyamba, mawu okhawo omwe ali ndi chiganizo chopanda malire (omwe amamasuliridwa ndi omwe amatha kufotokozera ndi osapindulitsa) amachitidwa mu gulu la boma likusewera gawo la chiyankhulo cha dzuwa: kutentha, kuzizira, n'kovuta kumvetsa, wina sayenera kukhala chete, palibe nthawi, ingavomerezane, . Pachifukwa chachiwiri, mawu onse omwe ali m'gulu la boma sali zenizeni, koma azichita monga cholosera: sizingatheke, chabwino, ziyenera, zokondwa, ziyenera, zingatheke, zokonzeka.

Zizindikiro za kalembedwe za ndondomeko: gwiritsani ntchito pamodzi ndi gulu ndi tanthauzo la boma. Pankhani ya kumvetsa kochepa, mawu osasinthika akuwonjezedwa pano.

Pali mabuku ambiri apadera, omwe amatsimikiziridwa movomerezeka kuti akuwongolera mndandanda wa chigawo cha boma kuti zikhale ziwalo za kulankhula. Zoonadi, pali mawu m'chinenero chimene sichimatanthauza, koma chitani ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito, monga zenizeni. Lingaliro lina la zilankhulo za gulu la boma likugwirizana ndi ntchito ya mawonekedwe osalankhula mawu mu chiganizo. Koma, ngakhale zili choncho, nkhaniyi idakali yovuta ndipo imakhala yotseguka.

Kugawidwa kovomerezeka ndi zilankhulo sizingaganizidwe nthawi zonse, chifukwa m'chinenero nthawi zambiri pamakhala kusintha kwa mankhwala amodzi kuchokera kumbali imodzi ya chinenero. Komabe, sikuti mawu onse angathe kuchita izi momasuka. Zigawo zina zozilolera zimatumizidwa kwa ena odziimira okha, osapitilira - ku boma. Mwachitsanzo, ziganizo zingathe kulowa m'gulu lazithunzithunzi: kuzungulira, kuzungulira. Tanthauzo la zilembo likupezeka m'maina : Nkhaniyi (iyi) inali kugwa. Ma gerunds amapita muzithunzithunzi ndi ziganizo: ngakhale, zikomo, ndakhala, ndakhala chete, ndikuyimirira. Kawirikawiri, maina amakhala ziwalo za mgwirizano wambiri, particles of prepositions: nthabwala, nthawi, nthawi, ndi zina zotero.

Mbali za kulankhula mu Chingerezi, komanso mu Chirasha, zimagawanika kukhala zofunikira kwambiri (zofunikira, zodziimira) ndizovomerezeka. Zoyamba zimaphatikizaponso mawu omwe ali ndi matanthauzo ofunikira, ndi mamembala a chiganizo ndipo amatchedwa zochita, zizindikiro ndi zinthu. Chilankhulo cha Chingerezi chikutanthawuza adverb, verebu, chilankhulo ndi chiganizo, dzina ndi chiwerengero.