Mbiri ya entrepreneurship ku Russia

Mbiri ya entrepreneurship mu Russia. predprinimaielstvo anaika mizu yake kwa Lazaro wakale. Anakhala maziko a ntchito yake, kumene m'mizinda, kupanga wolowa ndi imports. Monga tikudziwa, kudzera Russia pa nthawi imeneyi anali wotchuka njira malonda "ku Scandinavia ndi Ahelene."

Mu Russia, amalonda ndi amalonda sanali pachifukwa kalasi osiyana. Ogwira chinkhoswe pafupifupi m'magulu onse a anthu. Russia ankachita nawo mu bizinesi kwa zaka zambiri. Kukula yaikulu ubale ngongole ndi chitsimikiziro cha chitukuko bwino ntchito mu Russia. Mu ulamuliro Ivana Groznogo Stroganov amalonda activism wakhala chizindikiro cha entrepreneurship. Tate wa mtundu anawaletsa malonda osati m'dzikoli komanso ndi maiko ena. Mu 15veke Moscow wotchuka naye malonda yaikulu pakati Amaya. A shopu mu handicrafts. Malonda anagona malonda ndi Lithuania, Crimea, Persia, Kafa, Khiva, Bukhara, Azov, ... Iwo onse akhale ndi mazana Russian 16-17vv kale ntchito bwino anayamba unyolo. Ndiko kuti, mbiri ya malonda kusiyana mwachangu Russia.

M'zaka zimenezi, pali Onse-Russian malonda, T. E. Trade komanso pakati pa zigawo munthu wa dziko. Kale m'zaka 17. kalasi malonda ndi wamalonda anali allocated kwa gulu lapadera la m'tauni ndi mzinda anthu. The amalonda lalikulu analandira kwa mfumu mutu wa '' alendo ''. Amaona zapamwamba kwambiri ndiponso zolemekezeka. Kuti dzina limeneli, wamalonda amayenera kukhala osachepera 20,000 zolowa. Pamodzi ndi mutu, iwo sayeneranso kulipira kutsatira, adakhala maudindo akuluakulu chuma, ndi kupatsidwa ufulu kugula minda. Ku Moscow pa nthawi imene inapha chiyambi cha malonda ndi ogwira 6 njira yaikulu: White Nyanja, Smolensk, Volga, Chiyukireniya, Siberia ndi Novgorod. Masiku a Peter Wamkulu anakhazikitsa wabwino ndi zinthu chifukwa cha kukula ndi chitukuko cha malonda Russian. Asayansi ndi akatswiri a mbiri yakale amati kukonza wake wa Peter nthawi yoyamba anatsegula njira malangizo entrepreneurship. Komanso dziwani kuti ambiri amalonda ndi amalonda a nthawi anali osawuka kale. Ena mwa iwo ndi anthu amalonda ngati Prokhorov Morozov, Grachev ndi ena ...

Ngakhale mu nthawi ya Catherine II izo anathetsa kufunika kupeza "zilolezo malamulo" kuyamba ntchito ndi zipangizo zake. Catherine II komanso achotsa kwa okhawo ndi anayambitsanso wathunthu ufulu wochita malonda. Pomaliza mu 1785, ntchito za bizinesi Russian amalandira makalata setifiketi ake yaitali. Choncho udindo kwawo ukwera kwambiri. Pakuti kuwerenga ndi kulemba amalonda onse anali ogaŵikana 3 munalidi gulu. Gulu loyamba, i.e., Munalidi gulu ankachitira amalonda amene anali likulu la za 10-zikwi. Gulu lachiwiri - malonda ndi likulu la rubles 5-10 zikwi. The munalidi gulu lachitatu - kuchokera rubles 1 mpaka 5 zikwi likulu. Kukonza lalikulu la Alexander II 60-70-ntchentche 19veka nawo mbiri ya malonda Russian mu ziri mu magawo awiri- chisanadze kusintha ndipo pambuyo kusintha nthawi. Post-kusintha nthawi, chimene chinafika mpaka 1913, yotchedwa Golden zaka malonda. Ambiri, kupambana kwa ntchito Russian kumapeto 19veka anali n'kodabwitsa. Koma zinthu zinasintha pambuyo 1917goda. A siteji latsopano mu mbiri ya entrepreneurship mu Russia inayamba mu 1992. Ichi chinali chiyambi cha dziko la malonda mu Russia. Boma analengeza kusintha misika. Tsopano boma ndi zimayesetsa malonda, mwachitsanzo izo akulamulira ntchito. Kwakukulukulu zimadalira chitukuko Rossii.Takova mwachidule mbiri ya malonda mu Russia.

Podziwa chimene mbiri ya malonda mu Russia ndi apano boma entrepreneurship mu Russia, tiyenera kusintha dongosolo ndi kuyesa kukweza ku gawo lina. Mbiri ya chitukuko cha malonda Russian makamaka kumafuna zambiri mozama, amene sanalole ife kuchuluka kwa nkhani ino.