Mitundu ya nyimbo mu versification

Kusiyanitsa malingaliro a nyimbo ndi nyimbo. Ngati zakale ndi consonance mathero awiri a mawu, lachiwiri ndi dongosolo la interlace amafananirako ndime. Choncho, amafananirako ndi N'zazikulu kuposa nyimbo.

mitundu ya rhymes

Njira amafananirako mu versification zochokera mitundu yambiri ya rhymes. Motero, khalidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa machesi rhyming syllables anawagawa zolondola ndi zolakwika. Pa limatchula za ka la - pa mwamuna (ka pa otsiriza za mawu), mkazi (ka pa za mawu penultimate), ndipo dactylic giperdaktilicheskie (ka pa 3 ndi 4 za mawu phokoso lochokera mapeto). Ngati mizere pambali za mawu lifanane pretonic (Buku) zilembo, ndiye nyimbo ngati kumatanthauza wolemera. Ngati inu simutero - otchedwa nyimbo osauka.

mitundu ya nyimbo

Pali mitundu itatu chachikulu cha nyimbo mu versification:

• pafupi (wophatikizidwa)
• mtanda (alternating)
• mphete (lamba, ohvatnaya).

Komanso, mtundu osiyana ndi ufulu nyimbo.

Kubwalo (wophatikizidwa) adzatenge alternately kupanga consonance pafupi mizere - woyamba mzere nyimbo ndi wachiwiri, wachitatu, motero, wachinayi, wachisanu ndi chimodzi, etc. mitundu yonse amafananirako ndakatulo akhoza amangosankha ikhale dera ... malingaliro kotero pafupi amatchulidwa kuti "Aabb". Mwachitsanzo:

"Monga tsopano palibe duds (a) -

Kapenanso anapanga kuwala (a).

Ndipo anaimba garmonitsa (b)

Kodi mbisoweka ogwetsana (b). "

(S. A. Esenin).

A nkhani zosiyanasiyana ndi kusinthana kwa pafupi nyimbo nyimbo chiwembu "ahhh."

Cross (alternating) nyimbo popangidwa ndi interleaving mizere amafananirako - nyimbo ndi wachitatu choyamba, chachiwiri - wachinayi ndi wachisanu - chisanu ndi chiwiri, etc ... mtundu uwu wa nyimbo "Ababii":

"Ine ndikukumbukira mphindi zodabwitsa (a):

Pamaso panga inu (b)

Ngati masomphenya zakanthawi (a)

kukongola wangwiro (b) "

(A. S. Pushkin).

Mphete (matailosi, ohvatny) mtundu wa nyimbo chiwembu zachokera "Abba". Choncho, nyimbo choyamba ndi wachinayi mizere, ndipo lachiwiri ndi lachitatu. Zimenezi versification ndi zochepa wamba kuposa ena awiri:

"Ife sali oledzera, tikuona kuti tisaledzere (a)

Ndipo mwinamwake ife kwenikweni ndakatulo (b).

Pamene n'kuwaza sonnets zachilendo (b)

Timalankhula ndi nthawi mu "inu" (a).

(IA Brodsky).

Zilipo mitundu ya rhymes zimachitika choncho kumene chilamulo cha kusinthana kwa rhymes akusowa:

"Mpanda snuck kavalo mbala (a)

Tan phiko mphesa (a),

Chikumujompha mpheta maburashi (b)

Nodding malaya ofufuma (c),

Koma kukhwakhwaza Magulu pakupha (b)

Ena kugunda ndi kuzunzidwa "(c).

(B. L. Pasternak).

Choncho, muchisanzo chimenechi, mitundu ya kuphatikiza nyimbo: choyamba ndi mzere wachiwiri - Ufumuyo mawonekedwe lachitatu chimodzi - kusinthanitsidwa.

Nyimbo ndi Vesi lonse

ndime lonse akusonyeza pamaso pa awiri osachepera aliyense nyimbo. Izi zipangitsa ndi indivisibility wa thupi ambiri Vesi - izo sizingakhoze ogaŵikana Vesi ang'onoang'ono lonse, popeza anamaliza nyimbo zake.

Malinga chiwerengero rifmovok kupanga ndime akutali mawonekedwe monostich, distiha, TERCET Katren pentet ndi T. D. MonoSTU sangakhale ndime yonseyo, monga mzere umodzi ndi chimene si amafananirako (ngakhale pamene chikukhudza chamkati nyimbo). Distin chimakhuzana "AA" ndi, motero, chimodzi cha mawu lonse rhyming. Komanso munthu ali Terzetto nyimbo - chiwembu cha "AAA". Mu Terzetto izi zimakhudza, kuyambira Chigawo chilichonse ife tifika monostich chimodzi, amene si vesi lonse.

Katren zikuphatikizapo mitundu ngati nyimbo monga annular ( "Abba") ndi mtanda ( "Ababii"). Pa nkhani ya nyimbo moyandikana ( "Aabb ') vesi lagawidwa awiri palokha distiha, aliyense amene adzakhala vesi lonse. Pentet Nayenso Chili asanu rifmovok lonse Vesi.

Free ndi ufulu vesi

M'pofunika kusiyanitsa ufulu mawonekedwe rhyming ndi ufulu ndime mawonekedwe, chifukwa si chinthu chomwecho. Mitundu zilipo amafananirako ndakatulo mitundu mwachitsanzo N.. ufulu ndime - mawonekedwe a ndakatulo ndi kusintha mitundu ya nyimbo. Ie mizere amafananirako mu dongosolo losiyana. Free ndime (Aka woyera), mfundo, musagwiritsire ntchito nyimbo:

"Mverani (a)!

Ndipotu, ngati nyenyezi anayatsa (b) -

ndiye ndi munthu amene akumufuna (mu)?

Choncho munthu akufuna kuti akhale (g)? "

(V. V. Mayakovsky).

Pankhaniyi, free ndime sangathe ukugwira prose pa mfundo yakuti ngati palibe nyimbo, chimene ndi chosiyana kuchokera Mwachitsanzo, malonda ochiritsira nyuzipepala? Chimodzi kusiyana pakati pa ndime osalembapo ndipo prose - chizolowezi kungotchula, chimene chimasiyanitsa ndakatulo kuchokera prose malemba. Zotsatira analengedwa ndi kutengeka yeniyeni, ndi maganizo apadera a mawu a ndakatulo, salandira wonyong'onya kuwerenga. Kusiyana chiwiri kofunikira vesi ake ufulu mungoli kupangidwa ndi nambala inayake ya syllables ndi equalization ya mavuto.