M'munsi usilikali "Kamran", Vietnam

Pa nkhondo ya ku Vietnam, m'munsi ndi "Kamran" ili kum'mwera kwa dziko ndipo anali kumbuyo yaikulu US asilikali apanyanja. Akatswiri American anamanga ndege yabwino ndi doko watsopano kutumizgika Zombo Zankhondo. The airfield anali kunyumba m'munsi mwa 12 Tactical Wankhondo Mapiko ndi 483rd US Air Force mwatsatanetsatane zoyendera phiko. Mosiyana ndi akatswiri ena a asilikali motero B-52 zoponya mabomba konse kuthetsedwa.

Mu 1972, US zapita m'munsi "Kamran" mu ntchito ya asilikali Vietnamese. Chachitatu April 1975 mumzinda kunkakhala asilikali North Vietnam. Izi zinachitika pa Spring zolawula.

Mbiri ya Russian m'munsi ankhondo pa "kamera Ranh"

Popeza 60s m'ma atumwi wotsiriza, Soviet Navy anayamba kufufuza nyanja, ndi kulowa usilikali kumeneko. Zombo ndi sitima zankhondo, ndege Soviet Air Force anakhala kukula kwa nyanja kuti asunge chitetezo m'chigawochi.

Kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha ngalawa m'nyanja, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ndege ntchito asilikali ankafunika thandizo logistic. Choperewera zapansi kunja kwa Main ndodo ya Navy anapezerapo ntchito imene zinthu zatsopano kwa zombo kunyumba Soviet ndi ndege m'gawo la wochezeka mayiko Soviet Union akhala sakudziwika.

Kodi n'chiyani chinachititsa chidwi mu "kamera Ranh?"

Base "Kamran" omwe poyambapo ntchito usilikali US, wakhala wokongola kwa asilikali a Soviet Union, malo ake abwino ndi mayiko kwa malo zombo ndi ndege.

The yabwino malo Hrs a m'dera kunapangitsa kulamulira Chimaleya ndi Singapore Straits, kugwira ntchito m'munda wa wailesi reconnaissance, malangizo kupeza ya Persian Gulf ndi kumpoto Indian Ocean, South China Sea, Nyanja Philippines ndi East China Sea.

Komanso anaika dziko ASEAN bloc, amene anali wa chibadidwe mu mayendedwe inapita patsogolo chitukuko sayansi. Iwo anali nkhokwe yaikulu ya mafuta zikawonongeka, ndi mabuku akuluakulu a zogula mankhwala nzeru ndi zipangizo zida.

Kodi kusonyeza malo ankhondo "Kamran" chithunzi? Base Binba Bay mu umene zoona, zoti mkati pachilumbachi. Kuya ndi kukula kwa Bay ndi n'zotheka kuti tikhazikitse ndi magulu osiyanasiyana a zombo.

Komanso, kamera Ranh chilumba ali ndi mwayi waukulu wa khalidwe zachilengedwe, amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu kuyika maziko a. Kumeneko, pali yaikulu ya madzi, amene ali oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito.

Komanso, otsala quays, misewu, ndi nyumba anamangidwira America ndi yabwino ntchito.

Kusaina pangano yobwereka

Chakumapeto 1978, Vietnam anachezeredwa ndi anthu oimira ku Soviet Union. Ilo linali lamulo wapamwamba wa Pacific kasamalidwe apanyanja a zombo. The thirtieth wa December adapangana pa mfundo zikuluzikulu za mgwirizano, ndiyeno zinasaina protocol, omwe anakhala maziko zokambirana pa chilengedwe cha E & P ndi kugawana ake ndi Vietnam.

Wachiwiri May 1979 yosainidwa pangano amgwirizano yolembedwa ndi atsogoleri a Soviet Union ndi Vietnam. Mgwirizanowo mwachidwi, azikhalamo kwaulere maziko a zaka 25.

Ndi angati panyanja zombo akhoza chiti?

Malinga ndi pangano, pa Vietnamese asilikali m'munsi "Kamran" anali ndi ufulu kukhala: Khumi Soviet ngalawa freeboard, sitima zankhondo eyiti ndi m'munsi akuyandama, ndipo asanu ndi ziwiya panyanja ntchito zina.

Pabwalo la ndege izo analola kuti anaika ndege sikisitini, chida onyamula, naini reconnaissance ndege ndi atatu ziwiya zoyendera mphepo.

Malinga ndi vuto asilikali ndale pamaziko a mgwirizano pakati pa Utumiki wa chitetezo wa USSR ndi Vietnam INR, izo analoledwa kuonjezera chiwerengero cha zombo ndi ndege.

Yambani chitukuko za gawolo

Panyanja BASE "Kamran 'zithunzi ali anapereka m'munsimu, anayamba kufufuza mu May 1979. The poyamba anapita Zombo Zankhondo Union. Mu chaka chomwecho m'chilimwe ku doko Vietnamese nakocheza nyukiliya sitima zapamadzi K-45. Posachedwapa pa maziko a, "Kamran" aerodrome anakakhala ndege ya Pacific zombo.

M'nyengo yozizira ya 1979 monga phunziro lofunika kwambiri ngati kamera Ranh m'munsi, anafika ku-Chief zombo za Soviet Union asilikali Gorshkov. Ankadziwa malo ankhondo unali mutu wa tsiku.

Mbali yoyamba ya Pacific zombo asilikali anafika pa m'munsi mu April 1980 chaka. Iwo unali ndi anthu 54. Kenako gululo anali wakulitsidwa ndi signalmen a anthu 24. Ogwira ankakayikako mu nyumba yakale Vietnamese ndi mahema.

Kuyambira 1983 mpaka 1991, kamera Ranh rapolagaût 17 squadron ntchito ntchito, ndi kwa August 1991 December 1991 - 8 OPESK.

ndi zolinga anathamangitsa ndi mphamvu panyanja ya Soviet Union chiyani?

Pa chinthu njira, monga Russian m'munsi mwa kamera Ranh Bay, lamulo la Navy ndi boma Soviet anaikako angapo ntchito.

Zolinga zotsatirazi anafotokozedwa:

• kupereka magetsi ziwiya zonse inaima padoko ku doko la "Kamran", komanso kupereka ndege chakudya ndi madzi;
• kukhalabe mlingo wofanana wa MTS katundu, nkhani ndi kupulumutsa pa maboti kudutsa ndi woyendetsa bwatolo luso thandizo;
• kunyamula backhaul zombo Pacific dera ndi Indian Ocean;
• ntchito "Kamran" m'munsi ndege kwa kufalitsa odana ndi ndege reconnaissance ndege;
• kukhala zomangamanga zawo;
• kukulitsa ndi kupitiriza Russian-Vietnamese ubwenzi ndi mgwirizano.

Kodi zolinga ndi ntchito ndi ntchito m'munsi pa?

Ntchito kakatundu ili njira, monga m'munsi ndi, "Kamran" kwa Soviet Navy zinathandiza kuti nkhani akulankhula zokhudza kuonetsetsa nkhokwe kofunika zombo ndi ndege, amene ntchito ndi yankho la mavuto osiyana cha kapangidwe.

"Kamran" anali yekhayo asilikali m'munsi mwa Soviet Russia, yomwe inali pa mtunda wa makilomita 2,500 kuchokera padoko yapafupi Soviet.

"Kamran" monga chikole mtendere

Base "Kamran" inali yaikulu asilikali m'munsi mu USSR kunja. Pa nthawi yomweyo, pamene iye anachita monga counterweight kuti American panyanja m'munsi 'Subic Bay' mu Philippines. Zimenezi zinathandiza kuti mtendere ndi bata kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia.

Soviet Air Force zapansi

Malinga ndi kafukufuku m'chaka cha 1986, pabwalo la ndege m'munsi "Kamran" ali osiyana wosanganiza ndege Regiment OSAP, kuphatikizapo kutanthauza kuposa anayi Lachiwiri 95, ndege zinayi Lachiwiri-142 chotengera, pafupi makumi awiri ndege Lachiwiri 16, khumi mayunitsi Mphindi -25, awiri zoyendera ndege AN-24 ndi atatu Mi-8 ndege. Kuwonjezera ndege Regiment ndi anauzidwa kuti m'munsi odana ndi sitima zapamadzi ndi zida zankhondo.

Ntchito yomanga asilikali ndi zogona katundu ku Vietnam

Kodi pangano yosainidwa zimenezi chinthu pamalo abwino zofunika monga m'munsi "Kamran" (Vietnam)? 1984 amalembedwa pangano latsopano. pangano pakati Soviet Union ndi Vietnam walemba pa April 20, kumaphatikizapo pomanga asilikali ndi zomangamanga zina likuvutika thandizo kwa Vietnam ku Soviet Union.

Mu nthawi kuchokera 1985 mpaka 1987, zomangamanga ya Soviet Union "Zagrantehstroy" imene rukvodil ES Bobrenev, wamanga 28 zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kukadakhala anamanga ndi nyumba.

chiwerengero cha asilikali pa nthawi imeneyo anali pafupifupi 6,000 anthu, kupatulapo anthu ogwira ntchito yomanga. Mgwirizano wa 20 April 1984 anapatsa kulanda mbali Vietnamese mu ntchito uncompensated.

The mtanda loyamba la zinthu inamangidwa mu December 1987, kenako anatumidwa ndi akatswiri Soviet pamaziko a pangano zosadziwika.

Kuchepetsa pamaso pa asilikali a Soviet pamaziko a "Kamran"

chiwerengero cha asilikali Soviet pa tsinde la anayamba kutha pofika cha m'ma 1980. Monga tanenera m'nkhani ya nyuzipepala "Pravda" imene January 19, 1990, kuchepetsa pamaso pa asilikali a Soviet mu Kamrani unachitikira mu chimango cha njira zothetsera kukula ya zachitetezo wa USSR mu Asia East ndi ntchito ya kaimidwe mwangwiro kumbuyo kwa Pacific.

Chakumapeto 1989, apo akhala n'kuikako kwa MiG 23 ndipo Lachiwiri-16. Ndi chiyambi cha 1990 kuli mmodzi yekha detachment zochokera variable zikuchokera ongokhala ndege khumi.

Chiyambireni cha 1992 kuti 1993 mu "Kamrani" inali 119 Brigade, womwenso mu umembala zombo ake osiyanasiyana ndi ndege. Popeza m'dzinja la 1993, gulu wakhalanso anathetsa. Mavesi a mbapita kugonjera 922 E & P.

Mu 90s oyambirira ambiri maofesi doko akhala umasamutsidwa ku mbali Vietnamese lawo mpaka kalekale.

Naval m'munsi "Kamran" chinakhalapo mpaka 2002.

Pamndandanda zomangamanga?

zomangamanga Kodi m'manja mwa Soviet ndi Russian akatswiri asilikali?

Ndi 90 ntchentche ndi chiyembekezo chakuti ya E & P mu kamera Ranh (April 2002), Soviet, kenako akatswiri a ku Russia anagwiritsa ntchito zinthu. Panyanja BASE "Kamran" (Vietnam) lili:

• asilikali ankhondo, womwenso likulu ndi m'chipindacho kwa ogwira;
• chodyera anthu 250;
• ophika buledi;
• kusamba ndi kuchapa mbewu;
• club nyumba;
• sekondale;
• nyumba khumi cholinga zogona;
• materiel yosungira;
• zombo ndi zipangizo zina zapadera luso.

mlatho zone limapangidwa:

• Thanki famu kusungiramo lubricants ndi mafuta.
• Awiri firiji matani 279 a kusungiramo mankhwala chakudya.
• Khumi yosungirako chifukwa zitsulo materiel.
• Awiri wambiri chipangizo wopangidwa ndi zitsime asanu kupereka madzi asilikali a. Mmodzi wa iwo opareshoni mupeze chakudya zombo ndi ndege.
• Chapakati mphamvu dizilo Mmera wonse, umene mphamvu anali 24,000 kW. Bukuli linapangidwa kupereka magetsi onse a nyumba za asilikali, ndipo akutsutsa mu SPV "Kamrani."

Kuyambira chaka cha 1995, m'munsi asilikali Vietnam "Kamran" chithunzi chimene m'nkhani ino aphatikizidwa umembala wake magulu otsatirawa:

• E & P kasamalidwe;
• utumiki ndalama;
• kulankhulana wagawo;
• ndege commandant;
• zovala utumiki;
• yosungirako kwa kasungidwe mafuta;
• zakudya;
• zovala;
• asilikali;
• Dipatimenti ya sitima Engineering Services;
• paokha alonda kampani;
• Mwaukhondo chipinda;
• moto dipatimenti;
• maofesi munda;
• Naval Hospital;
• sekondale.

Kodi anthu ambiri ankakhala ku kaboma chiyani?

Kuyambira 1995 mpaka 2002 mu asilikali ndi moyo zaka pafupifupi 600-700 anthu. Icho chinali mlingo wa akatswiri cholinga ntchito imene anali kuonetsetsa wabwinobwino wa asilikali a. Iwo anagwira waukulu E & P njira zolinga.

ngozi amangogwa pamaziko a "Kamran"

"Kamran" (panyanja m'munsi) anakhala malo tsoka mu 1995. December akhumi pamene ankafika pa ndege m'munsi inaonongeka atatu Lamulungu 27 womenya a squadron "Russian Knights". Iwo anabwerera kunyumba ndi mpweya akusonyezera, umene unachitikira Malaysia.

Relations pakati Russia ndi Vietnam zaka maziko

ntchito zonse za chinthu chofunika kwambiri monga maziko asilikali kamera Ranh Bay, kunachitika mu chikhalidwe cha mogwirizana ndi akatswiri Vietnamese. nkhondo yathu ntchito dzanja ndi dzanja wina ndi amalinyero IDB amene anali kulowa pafupi, pa pachilumbachi.

Kuwonjezera vuto migwirizano kuthetsa zolinga njira asilikali, izo ananenanso mogwirizana mu dera chikhalidwe ndi masewera. Ndi kupambana kwa Vietnam m'pamene atchuthi. Zonsezi zinathandiza kuti chilengedwe cha chikhalidwe wochezeka.

Ndipo kodi tsopano?

Mu February 2014 Russian silikhali Minister Sergei Shoigu zinafotokozedwa kuti Russia akufuna kuti mukulitse pamaso asilikali mu dziko. Pa nkhani imeneyi, padali zokambirana yogwira pa analamula maofesi a asilikali Vietnam.

Shoigu ananena kuti izi m'munsi nkhondo imene imafunika kuthiridwa mafuta asilikali ndege Russian, anaikira flights wautali kwambiri kuposa.

M'chaka cha 2014 ndege m'munsi "Kamran" anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito utumiki Russian Il 78, zomwe mafuta mu ndege refueling asilikali chida onyamula Lachiwiri 95 MS.

Kaya kutipatsa Russia zonse Vietnam "Kamran"? M'munsi asilikali anali kukhala womasuka kwa kulowa kwa Zombo Zankhondo Russian. Nkhani imeneyi anali kukambirana pa ulendo wa Mlembi General wa Party Communist. Iwo anali anavomera kuti Vietnam boma mgwirizano adzakhala anasaina posachedwapa.

Malinga ndi Russian Utumiki wa silikhali, sitima ndi zotengera zathu kutumikira Pacific Ocean ayenera kudziwitsa boma Vietnamese cha kulowa awo ku doko lankhondo la kamera Ranh. Zinali chochitika chachikulu, monga Vietnam wakhala boma chachiwiri pambuyo Syria, amene walola kukhazikitsa zombo ankhondo a Russian Navy pa malire awo. Akatswiri ambiri ankhondo ananena kuti udindo ankaimba ndi chakuti Vietnam kale kale kukhala bwenzi Russia mu asilikali luso dera.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, Mapangano ambiri lalembedwa ndi phindu okwana $ biliyoni 4.5. Mu 2014, Russia zimagulitsidwa ku Vietnam asanu dizilo sitima zankhondo kalasi 06.361 "Warszawianka", zida ndi chida zovuta Club-S. m'manja mwa nyanja zovuta "phata" analeredwa, komanso GIS "Kwambiri" dongosolo kwa PBRK. Vietnam walamula maboti asilikali lembani "Mphezi", frigates kulondera kopita 11661 "Gepard 39", komanso womenya ndege Lamulungu 30 MK2.

Ndipo m'tsogolo?

Komabe mwalamulo mwapatsidwa Russian m'munsi "Kamran"? Vietnam pa nkhani imeneyi ali ndi osokoneza. Monga miyezi ingapo yapitayo, boma lakhala kubweranso kwa asilikali Russian maziko, loperekedwa kuti mgwirizano wa Sikudzakhala nkhondo ndi mayiko lachitatu.

mayiko awiri mgwirizano akhale yekha mtendere. udindo umenewu unakhalapo ndi May 17, kazembe wa Vietnam mu dziko lathu, Nguyen Than Shon. Iye ananena kuti mfundo Vietnamese zachokera kuti palibe mapangano othandizana pa nkhondo ndi boma lililonse, monga kuyenera wina.

The nthumwi ananena kuti, mu nkhani iyi, makonzedwe a doko Kamrani patsogolo. Cholinga cha mgwirizano pakati pa maiko awiri adzakhala makonzedwe a misonkhano m'madzi kwa kukonza ziwiya ndi chitukuko cha zida za nkhondo kuti kuteteza bata ndi mutendele m'dera Pacific.

Nguyen Thanh Sean zinafotokozedwa kuti Hanoi akufuna kupitiriza mogwirizana ndi Russia mu dera la chitetezo. Komanso zinanenedwa kuti Vietnam nthawi anazindikira Russia monga bwenzi wochezeka.

Utumiki silikhali inanena kuti Russian zapansi asilikali mwaima mu Cuba ndi ku Vietnam. Mawu enieni Kusinthaku sizinachitike mwasankha. Inafotokoza kuti negotiated umenewu.

Wotchedwa Dmitry Peskov anafotokoza kuthekera kuzika m'mayikowa, zofuna mtundu wa dziko lathu. Peskov ananenanso kuti zinthu m'bwalo lonse wakhala yomangika kwambiri mu zaka ziwiri zapitazi, ndi kusinthidwa kwambiri anakonza ndondomeko yoyenela ya chitetezo cha Russia.

Ndiyeno mosayembekezereka zochitika. A masiku angapo apitawo panali nkhani ndikosatheka kupeza Russia pa malo monga m'munsi "Kamran". Vietnam anapanga kulengeza ofunda. Izi analengeza pa atolankhani briefing ku Hanoi, Minister okhonda la Vietnam Le Hai Binh. Malinga ndi iye, Vietnam akukana kuvomereza kuti m'gawo lake ndi zapansi wa mayiko ena, kuphatikizapo Russia asilikali.