Ndi mawu m'njira chikhalidwe mawu amaimira kwambiri munthu, zotengera malingaliridwe mtundu wa mabuku. Ndipo mawu akuti "m'nyimbo ngwazi" - mawu amene anali woyamba akufuna monga nthawi kulongosola chodabwitsa kuti anatuluka mu ntchito za Alexander Blok. Choyamba analongosola kuonekera ndigwira khungu, kupanga mawonekedwe a ndakatulo wake congenial yokha. Tsopano ife amagwiritsa ntchito mawu ponena za fano wathunthu wa mwini, ngakhale zimenezi si zoona kwathunthu.
Mbiri ya zikamera akuti ndi tanthauzo lake loyamba
Iwo anayamba mbiri ya lingaliro la "ngwazi m'nyimbo" October 9, 1921. Pa tsiku, wolemba ndi kafukufuku Tynyanov anapereka ulaliki pa midadada kukumbukira. Kumeneko, iye akutero, kuti akulira maliro imfa ya munthu midadada osati chipika wolemba ndakatulo kapena wolemba nkhani wina. Koma anthu kumene wamba kudziwika chipika-munthu? Yankho lake ndi losavuta. Wolemba ndakatulo ananena mu ndime, ngwazi wake m'nyimbo - iye ndi dzina lake Aleksandr Aleksandrovich. fomu iyi anthu sangathe analengedwa ndi imodzi mwa ntchito zake, iye analemba okha a akonzedwa a ndakatulo, ndi ndakatulo. Mwachitsanzo, n'zotheka kuti tifufuza chitsanzo. Mu ndakatulo oyambirira Blok m'nyimbo ngwazi - ichi ndi mkulu chithunzi, Prince Hamlet. Ndiye cithunzithunzi ici kobvuta ndi maonekedwe a "amapasa mdima". Koma Tynyanov chimasiyanitsa wina maonekedwe - maonekedwe a ndakatulo iyi, "nazyvatelya", munthu amene analemba mawu mu ndakatulo. owerenga kawirikawiri bwino ntchito za wolemba aliyense, kufufuza iwo otchulidwa bwino, amadziwika ndi nkhope yake bwino mafanizo. Blok akuzisunga ena kukhomerera mu ndakatulo wake, kotero wokondedwa mwa owerenga chiwembu theatricality. Choncho fanizo la m'nyimbo ngwazi anakhala mibadwo yambiri ya anthu anazindikira, okondedwa, wokondedwa, ndipo iye wakhala amaimira mawu a nthawi, nthawi. Zenizeni zonse anapambana pa owerenga. Kotero, Ndizachidziwikire kuti Bloc la ngwazi m'nyimbo - ndi zinachitika a ndakatulo iyi, koma anasonkhana ku zosiyanasiyana makhalidwe, nthawi zina zosiyana.
Kodi ndi makhalidwe ati ali ndi ngwazi m'nyimbo?
Kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyi ananena kuti anagwiritsa ntchito mawu amenewa monga kumvera ndi mtima wonse ndi chifaniziro cha wolemba cholakwika. Chifukwa chiyani? Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti khalidwe la ngwazi lyric, zochita zake, intonation - ali mbali analengedwa ndi wolemba. Nthawi zina, monga ndi Alexander Blok, Andrei Bely, iwo lifanane ndi chifaniziro cha munthu amene analenga ntchito, koma simungathe kuzindikira mfundo imeneyi. M'nyimbo ngwazi - ndi khalidwe kuti alipo yekha ntchito analengedwa ndi wolemba, m'lingaliro yokumba, amadalira zokwera ndi zotsika a chiwembu. Inde, ali ndi maganizo ake, zoganiza, intonation, komanso wolemba ngongole. Amene akufuna kumvetsa kwambiri wolemba ndakatulo kapena wolemba liyenera kuunika zidutswa zingapo, kapena kuti kwa ena, mfundo zokhudza mbiri (makalata ake, Maulendo, ndi zina zotero. N.). Pali, ndithudi, izo kale sadzaloŵa anatulukira zithunzi m'nyimbo, koma inu mukudziwa woyambitsa wa mbiri yakale, munthu, ndi makhalidwe mfundo za view. Nthawi zina m'pofunika kudziwa kuti zimayambitsa khalidwe kulengedwa fano, chifukwa pali lingaliro lofanana ndi mabuku - ndi "chifaniziro cha wolemba".