Mphamvu Constitutional Court la Chitaganya cha Russia. The Constitutional Court la Chitaganya cha Russia: maziko a gulu

The Constitutional Court la Chitaganya cha Russia, malinga ndi zimene akatswiri ambiri - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa matupi kiyi mawu a bata boma ndi khalidwe la ulamuliro ndale. Ndi kufufuza kapangidwe ake, yamtunduwu ndi osiyanasiyana mphamvu. Kodi magwero a chilamulo amalamulira chilichonse zinthu izi? ndi peculiarities wa Russian Constitutional Court oweruza chiyani?

tanthauzo

Izo zikumveka ngati tanthauzo la Constitutional Court? Yolondola gwero umene ife akhoza kutenga chinenero koyenera kungakhale zochita ogwira malamulo. maloya ambiri amakonda Mwachitsanzo, zikhale zochokera chakudya zogwirizana wa Federal Constitutional Chilamulo. Malinga ndi mawu a gwero malipoti ulamuliro anazindikira thupi la review oyendetsera dziko lomwe ndi palokha ndipo yoyenda yokha.

Monga tikuonera, tanthawuzo zikumveka osavuta. Nthawi zina kuphunzira Mwachitsanzo amatchedwa kuti Federal Constitution la Chitaganya cha Russia, koma, mosamalitsa kulankhula, si ndi zoona ndithu. Magwero zogwirizana la chilamulo ndiye matanthauziro a ulamuliro ankafufuza palibe.

Ndiwo malamulo, chimene chigwira ntchito ndi Constitutional Court, - pa Russian Constitution, lamulo lofunika ya boma. Malinga ndi ulamuliro wake pansi kulingalira zikugwirizanirana ndi akuluakulu feduro. The competencies pakati Constitutional Court - milandu zokhudzana ndi kusanthula malamulo ndi zinthu zina malamulo monga kwa potsatira lamulo lenileni la dziko, kumasulira kwake ndi Kuthetsa nkani zochimwilana pakati zogwirizana. Khama la Constitutional Court anapatsidwanso m'chilamulo ziwalo feduro.

kapangidwe bwalo, mfundo za ofesi

ulamuliro ankaona akuchita ntchito yake mu chimango cha zipinda ziwiri. 10 oweruza choyamba, chachiwiri - 9. Zigawo za aliyense zambiri komanso kuchita malinga ndi malamulo. Mwa chilamulo ndi maganizo: mawu a ofesi ya Constitutional Court mu mbali mwa zipindazo ukugwirira ntchito mofanana mzere-mmwamba - zaka zitatu. Zimenezi akufanana ndi malo a 20 TH nkhani ya Chilamulo Federal malamulo ntchito za ulamuliro. Komabe, palibe lamulo kuti oweruza ziyenera kusintha imodzi. Ndiponso, palibe lamulo susonyeza mavuto ulamuliro akhoza kutsirizitsa zochitika. Choncho tikhoza kunena kuti nthawi ya Constitutional Court ulamuliro Russian si lamulo.

Constitutional Court oweruza amaikidwa ndi chipinda chapamwamba cha Russian Federation of Assembly Federal mutu wa boma. Ntchito iwo amatha mpaka zaka 70. Komabe, lamulo limeneli siligwira ntchito kwa Purezidenti wa wapolisi ya. kapitawo ananenanso ndi Pulezidenti wa bungwe la Federation ndi osankhidwa pakati atakhala oweruza. Nthawi yokhala pa nchito mu udindo uwu - zaka 6. Pansi chofanana yoikidwiratu substituents wapampando wapolisi RF.

ndi ndodo komanso ntchito Constitutional Court. Iwo apanga RF wagawo CS, amene dongosolo ndicho Secretariat. Ogwira ntchito za Russian Federation Constitutional Court akuchita yokonza ntchito ya Court ku mbali ya mokoma gulu, mumaganiza za sayansi ndi mawunikidwe, zambiri zokhudza chithandizo ndi kuthandiza oweruza mu ntchito yawo.

ntchito zawo, ndi Constitutional Court chikuchitika mu St. Petersburg. Pankhaniyi, msonkhano mwina ukachitikire, pokhapokha ulamuliro wafuna kofunika, mu mzinda wina uliwonse. Chizindikiro cha Russian Federation Constitutional Court ndi lotseguka mu Moscow. Ndi udindo, makamaka mogwirizana la Constitutional Court ndi akuluakulu ena likulu.

Ntchito ndi ntchito oweruza

Taganizirani mbali zokhudzana atasankhidwa, komanso ntchito za oweruza kwa Constitutional Court ya Russian Federation, mwatsatanetsatane. Udindo lolingana mu limba kuphunzira za mphamvu zingatenge Russian nzika, amene anatembenuka ndi zaka 40, ndi diploma ya sukuluyi mu ntchito malamulo. Osachepera zambiri ntchito - zaka 15. Jaji amasankhidwa ndi Constitutional Court, monga taonera pamwambapa, Council la Chitaganya cha. Izi zikachitika mwa chinsinsi voti Senate. Kuti munthu anaikidwa woweruza Constitutional Court, ndi wokwanira oyimba ambiri kumodzi. Pa chisankho, Pulezidenti wa bungwe Federation amapereka osankhidwa woweruza ndalumbira mu.

ntchito za ku Russia mu maudindo analemba mu Constitutional Court ndi yosemphana ndi chiwerengero cha zinthu zina - monga Mwachitsanzo, ntchito monga kazembe Assembly Federal ndi matupi ena malamulo. Iwe sungakhoze kuwagwira anthu kapena mogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe ntchito ofesi, kuchita malonda ndi ntchito ena akhoza kukhala chinachake kuteteza chilango cha ntchito zofunika ntchito. Komabe, Constitutional Court oweruza ali kuphunzitsa, kuchita sayansi kapena zilandiridwenso.

Ndani angatsatire kwa Constitutional Court?

Kucheza ndi Constitutional Court akhale nzika, akuluakulu onse kapena mabungwe ndi pempho, dandaulo kapena kudandaula. Ambiri, maziko Russian Constitutional Court anaganiza kuyambitsa Kuthi, mulole kukhala njakata pankhani yakuti ngati lamulo lamulo lalikulu Russian. Amadandaula, musawononge kapena pempho kwa Constitutional Court la Chitaganya cha Russia muyenera kuti lemba la mchitidwe malamulo, zomwe zifunike constitutionality. Mboni ndi akatswiri angatchedwe nawo mu khoti.

Malamulo zotuluka pa zochita za wapolisi ya

Zochita za ulamuliro zimagwira ntchito matupi boma ndi dera malamulo, yemwe ndi zachiweruzo akuluakulu, nzika, mabungwe ndi mayanjano anthu, kuphatikizapo mutu wa boma. Choncho, palibe nzika za njira za ndale komanso alibe ufulu kuti apereke malangizo pa Constitutional Court. Popeza mphamvu Constitutional Court amatanthauza tingoti zofuna mwamsanga wa boma pa nkhani ulamuliro, pali ena ukutitsimikizira ufulu wodzilamulira. ntchito yawo amaonedwa ulamuliro kumusonyeza, kukhala ndi ndalama, gulu, ndi chuma kudziyimira pawokha ndi mabungwe ena a mphamvu, ndi Kusintha kuti ndalama ina ya oweruza likuvutika bajeti.

Court Constitutional ndi akuluakulu ena

Pa Constitutional Court la Chitaganya cha Russia komanso kucheza ndi akuluakulu ena apamwamba: mutsogoleli wadziko, boma Duma, Bungwe la Federation ndi boma. Iwo adzaika oimira okhazikika Mwachitsanzo, yemwe amagwira ntchito Kuthi khoti ndipo akhoza ena malo poyerekezera milandu podikira.

Choncho, malinga ndi akatswiri, mabungwe a malamulo oyendetsera dziko mu Russia osati khoti ulamuliro woyenera, komanso nyumba zonse zoyambirira za mphamvu za ndale. Komabe, nawo misonkhano, maboma alibe ufulu ndi oweruza kumva choncho, kuumiriza.

Kulunjika wa yamtunduwu

Malinga ndi chitsanzo, imene imagwiritsidwa ntchito Russian Constitutional lamulo, Constitutional Court la Chitaganya cha Russia ali wokhoza, amatchedwa "ofanana". Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani? Zotsatirazi: mphamvu Constitutional Court la Chitaganya cha Russia akhoza anazindikira pamene pali pempho kwa nzika za njira za ndale komanso, anapereka lamulo lofunika ya boma. Choncho, ulamuliro Alibe mphamvu kuthana ndi nkhani zochokera kanthu za oweruza ake membala. Komabe, mtundu uwu wa mphamvu Constitutional Court la Chitaganya cha Russia akhoza ikuchitika mu chimango cha zimene a lamanja la kanthu malamulo. Ndicho chimene lamulo yaikulu ya m'dzikolo 104th wa nkhani yake.

The kulunjika mwa zosankha chinajambulidwa ndi Court Constitutional

Kodi mbali yodziwika ganizo la Constitutional Court? Choyamba, tiona kuti chisankho, komanso mapeto a ulamuliro akufalitsidwa yomweyo pambuyo umwana awo ndi Constitutional Court m'mabuku ovomerezeka. Ponena n'loonadi nawo zochita zonse za Constitutional Court, ndi Dziwani kuti iwo sali pansi pempho lililonse. umboni uliwonse pa zochita zina boma Constitutional Court sayenera kulandira. Mwachitsanzo, Constitutional Court anatengera zochita kuzindikira malamulo kuchita mosemphana ndi chilamulo wofunikila wa boma, ndiye mobwerezabwereza umwana wake sangakhale chida kulambalala zochita. magwero zogwirizana la chilamulo kutaya mphamvu wawo.

Choncho, taphunzira zinthu zofunika: limatchula za ulamuliro zimenezi, Constitutional Court la Chitaganya cha Russia, zikuchokera. Mphamvu za bwalo, makamaka awo kukhazikitsa - kuti yotsatira chinthu kuganizira.

Mphamvu Constitutional Court: kutanthauzira kwa Constitution

ndi mphamvu fungulo la Constitutional Court la Chitaganya cha Russia chiyani? Kwa anthu, makamaka, kuti kutanthauzira kwa Chilamulo Basic, ndiye mudziwe tanthauzo la chinenero, munali, kuti bwino ophunzira onse a ndondomeko umoyo ndale nzeru za zakudya zogwirizana. Komanso, kutanthauzira kwa Constitution ndi makhoti ncholinga yokwana zolondola mwa zinthu zazikulu malamulo a Malamulo ku chenicheni, kuchotsa ambiguities.

Mtundu uwu wa RF Constitutional Court adzakhala ndi mphamvu malinga ndi pempho la ena feduro apamwamba nyumba mphamvu, komanso andale la Chitaganya cha Russia. Kumasulira lamulo lenileni la dziko lili ndi malamulo mphamvu apamwamba ndi ulemu kuchita zokhudzana ndi mwambo malamulo.

Chongani zoikika lalikulu ladziko litsatidwe

ndi ena mphamvu chifungulo cha oweruza a Constitutional Court chiyani? Kwa iwo monga yachinsinsi zokhudza malamulo potsatira lamulo zikuluzikulu za boma. Zoyenerera mawu kukakambirana izi ndi ulamuliro ndi udindo wochita zimenezi zimaphatikizapo, makamaka Chilamulo pa Constitutional Court la Russia. Chifukwa zotheka kuphunzira malamulo ndi zoikika kugwilizana ndi gwero lalikulu wa boma la chilamulo kungakhale kufunsa kapena madandaulo kuchokela ku maulamuliro ndi ziwiya zina, komanso Russia.

Mabungwe kuti akhoza kupanga mfundo malamulo , anatsatira Kuthi mu Constitutional Court, mu nkhani ya matupi onse, angakhale mutsogoleli wa Russia, Council Federation, State Duma Boma, Wamkulu ndi Supreme chigamulo makhoti ndi andale mu zigawo Russian.

Malumikizanidwe ya malamulo ndi ufulu ndi kumasulika kwa nzika Russian

Monga mbali ya review ndondomeko zopempha ndi madandaulo zokhudza mtima ndi Bwalo la constitutionality zokhudza malamulo, nthawi zambiri kuphunzira precedents zokhudzana ndi kuphwanya zotheka kwa malamulo a Russian Federation kungakupatseni ufulu ndi kumasulika. Fotokozani ulamuliro ankaona mungathe nzika amaona kuti zofuna zawo akhala linaphwanya chifukwa ena mwa mawu a m'chilamulo. Khoti Constitutional Pankhaniyi Asaifufuze zinthu zomwe atsimikizire mfundo za kuphwanya ufulu wa chibadidwe ndi kumasulika. mphamvu yake kugwirizana okha ndi maganizo kuphunzira lamulo la potsatira lamulo lofunika ya boma.

The Constitutional Court ndi iyenera kukonzedwa kwa pulezidenti

Taonera pamwambapa kuti mabungwe a malamulo oyendetsera dziko mu Russia ndi kuperekedwa pamodzi ndi nyumba ya zakuweluzidwa kwa milandu apamwamba, koma, malinga ndi akatswiri ena, komanso zina boma matupi a mphamvu RF. Komabe, zogwirizana andale akhoza kukhala osati mbali ya ufulu wa nawo ndondomeko za malamulo, komanso ntchito ndi maudindo. Tsatirani kuyan'anila zogwirizana - pakati mphamvu ife mumasanthula Mwachitsanzo.

Court Constitutional la Chitaganya cha Russia kutenga nawo mbali mu ndondomeko ya iyenera kukonzedwa ndi mutsogoleli wadziko - ndondomeko zokhudza chizindikiritso cha Khrisu woukira boma kapena machimo ena anachita ndi mutu wa boma. Mtundu uwu wa mphamvu zikutanthauza kuti patsogolo pathu ulamuliro amapereka maganizo za kulondola kwa limagwirira imene mutsogoleli wa boma latsopano la Russia chilichonse mlandu. The Constitutional Court alibe kudziwa kwambiri kuphwanya anachita ndi mutsogoleli wadziko, kuganizira mbali m'malo procedural. Timaphunzira mmene kukonza State Duma ndi Khoti Lalikulu la Chitaganya cha Russia mlandu mutu wa boma. Zoyenera kupempha kwa Constitutional Court akhoza kupanga Council la Chitaganya cha.

Kusamvana za yamtunduwu mphamvu

Mwa kuphunzira mphamvu Constitutional Court, kuganizira mwachidule, tikhoza amachenjezanso mbali zotsatirazi ulamuliro - chigamulocho mikangano zokhudza mtima wa yamtunduwu wa anthu kapena mabungwe ena andale. chakuti zina, pakati pa matupi kusiyana kumachitika pa mlingo boma kapena dera. Chilamulo pa Constitutional Court la Chitaganya cha Russia amalola kumabungwe oyenera kuthandiza kuthetsa nkhani zoterozo. Ufulu wodandaulira Constitutional Court la Chitaganya cha Russia ali ndi ulamuliro uliwonse. A mndandanda wa andale kutchulidwa nkhani ya nambala 125 la Constituion.

mphamvu zina

mphamvu zazikulu za Constitutional Court, ndithudi, wodzilemekeza ndi ena ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha pempho zotheka kwa Constitutional Court la Chitaganya cha Russia akhoza kukhala funso zokhudzana ndi kugwilizana za lamulo lenileni la dziko la pangano limene limene sanalowe mu mphamvu. Ndi pempho zoyenerana ndi Constitutional Court angakhale ndi chidwi ndi mutsogoleli wadziko, Assembly Federal, boma la Russia, Khoti Lalikulu kapena dongosolo la ndale za la Russia. Kuphunzira mtundu uwu wa malonda ndi zotheka ngati pangano mayiko ayenera linalowa nawo m'Pangano ndi boma Duma, kapena obatizidwayo ndi achifwamba kuti chakudya cha chikalata sangakhoze akuyendera la Russia pamaziko a sanali kugwilizana ndi chakudya cha Russian Constitution.

Court Constitutional ndi alinso ndi mphamvu kuganizira zokhumba zotengera za nthawi iliyonse zikusiyana malamulo ananena applicable mkati amenewa kapena milandu, lamulo yaikulu ya la Russia. Mphamvu Constitutional Court zikuphatikizapo kuganizira za milandu zokhudzana ndi kafukufuku pa nkhani constitutionality cha magwero a malamulo, amawatenga akuluakulu onse, komanso mapangano pakati pa nyumba osiyanasiyana a ndale.

Organization za mlanduwu

Misonkhano ya Constitutional Court imachitika motsogozedwa ndi wapampando wa ulamuliro. kapitawo uyu chidzanenedwa kugonjera kwa ulemu mwa oweruza zokhudza nkhani. Mphamvu ya wapampando wa khoti lalikulu la Chitaganya cha Russia mulinso mogwirizana ndi imatengedwa ulamuliro ndi nyumba zina za ndale ndipo mabungwe onse. Kuti boma umagwira, amvekere malamulo ndi malangizo.

Nthawi ndi nkhani ankaona la Constitutional Court la Chitaganya cha Russia m'njira collegial. Pankhaniyi, zochita zimapangidwa ndi oweruza okhawo amene amagwira ntchito makutu a. Pangani zikusonyeza kuti ulamuliro zitha kukhala choncho pamene msonkhano panafika anthu atatu alionse awiri osachepera wa chiwerengero cha oweruza.

Nthawi ndi Constitutional Court, monga ulamuliro, mu mtundu lotseguka. Koma ngakhale imodzi kapena msonkhano wina, chifukwa cha zofunika za chilamulo, unachitikira mu gawo chatsekedwa, zochita zonse akufalitsidwa. Kukambirana zokhudza m'makhoti, kuchitidwa mtundu m'kamwa. Court Constitutional amafufuza mafotokozedwe a magulu onse, maganizo a akatswiri, mboni, imaunika zikalata. Tikambirana choncho mosalekeza. Kuimaima akutengedwa onse a oweruza ndi ndondomeko zofunika kupitiriza zina pa misonkhano.