Mphamvu ya m'munda magetsi

Kuyankhula nkhani zomwe mphamvu ya m'munda magetsi, m'pofunika amanena kuti ndi magawo zofunika. Ngakhale kuti mawu akuti "mphamvu" palokha ndi bwino kwambiri ndipo pa Koyamba, zoonekeratu, mu nkhani iyi, muyenera kudziwa bwino zimene uli pangozi. Mwachitsanzo, monga amadziwika, mphamvu za kuthengo magetsi angathe kuyeza pa chilichonse umasinthasintha mlingo wake, conventionally unatenga anayambira (kutanthauza ziro). Ngakhale ukupereka ena kusinthasintha yokonza anapezazo, kulakwitsa kungayambitse kompyuta mphamvu osiyana kwambiri. Panopa ife kulongosola kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito njira.

Mphamvu ya m'munda magetsi mwachindunji ndi mogwirizana milandu awiri kapena kuposa ina. Taganizirani za milandu awiri - q1 ndi q2. The mphamvu angathe munda magetsi (Pankhaniyi - electrostatics) limanenedwa ngati:

W = (1/4 * ku Pihahiroti * E0) / (q1 * q2 / r Mukhoza),

kumene E0 - nkhawa, r Mukhoza - mtunda pakati pa milandu ku Pihahiroti - 3,141.

Popeza munda woyamba amachita pa lachiwiri (ndi mosinthanitsa), ndiye minda izi chimatanthauza Zoyenereza. Mlandu woyamba ali zimakhudzanso wachiwiri:

W = 0.5 * (q1 * Fi1 + q2 * Fi2).

Mu dongosolo ili (amaimira 1), pali mfundo ziwiri zatsopano - Fi1 ndi Fi2. Ife kugwira ntchito zowerengetsa iwo.

Fi1 = (1/4 * ku Pihahiroti * E0) / (q2 / r Mukhoza).

Choncho:

Fi2 = (1/4 * ku Pihahiroti * E0) / (q1 / r Mukhoza).

Tsopano Mfundo yoyamba n'kofunika njira "1" lili mawu awiri (Q * Fi), makamaka woimira mogwirizana mphamvu ndi kuyang'anira chinthu cha 0.5. Komabe, mphamvu ya m'munda magetsi - si mbali ya mlandu uliwonse Choncho, kuwerengera Mbali imeneyi, m'pofunika kuti atchule kukonza, "0.5".

Monga tanenera kale, mogwirizana ali pa wina ndi mzake milandu angapo (osati kwenikweni awiri). Pankhaniyi, osalimba mphamvu za kuthengo magetsi pamwamba. Mtengo wake angapezeke ndi mwachidule analandira Mugulu deta.

Tsopano kubwerera ku nkhani ya kusankha kutchulidwa otchulidwa kumayambiriro kwa nkhani ino. Choncho kuyambira mitunduyi ndi, ndizoonekeratu kuti ngati mawerengedwe imachitidwa ndi kulemekeza mfundo zongopeka, mtunda kuchokera milandu imene amamuchititsa osawerengeka, chifukwa ndicho phindu la ntchito, zomwe wakonza munda mlanduwo osiyana Chrixitu pa mtunda ndi wopandamalire. Koma ngati kuli koyenera kudziwa phindu la ntchito m'munda mwakhama gulu ochepa milandu okha, mfundo Buku akhoza kusankhidwa mwina, kuyambira phindu chifukwa mawerengedwe zimadalira pa kusankha mfundo kutchulidwa.

Pano pali chitsanzo, monga angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwerengetsera othandiza. Mwachitsanzo, pali atatu a mlandu, kasinthidwe okhudza malo amene ndi kansalu. Distance (R) pakati q1, q2 ndi q3 ofanana.

Ife kuwerengera angathe:

Fi = 2 * (Q / 4 * ku Pihahiroti * E0 * r Mukhoza).

Ife tsopano tikhoza kuona mogwirizana mphamvu anapatsa okha:

W0 = 3 * ((Q Q *) / 4 * 3.141 * E0 * r Mukhoza).

Ntchito kuti adzapatsidwa pamene kusamukira ku mtunda ndi wopandamalire.

Ngati kusamuka kwa onse atatu lachokera ku malo wamba yofanana, ndi makona anapanga ndi mbali r1 (motsutsa r Mukhoza yapita).

Kudziwa mphamvu:

W = 3 * ((Q * Q) / 4 * ku Pihahiroti * E0 * r1).

Pankhaniyi, tikhoza kulankhula za kuchepetsa okwana mtengo mphamvu ya dongosolo lonse la milandu atatu. Tikumbukenso kuti ngati mtengo wa r1 (R) amamuchititsa osawerengeka, mphamvu koyamba ndi ntchito opangidwa ndi ofanana.

Kusokoneza ntchito, ndi kuchotsa dongosolo mlandu mwachisawawa. Chifukwa ndi tingachipeze powerenga nkhani ya milandu iwiri ili pa r Mukhoza mtunda.

Mphamvu ngati dongosolo ndi wofanana ndi:

W = (Q * Q) / (4 * ku Pihahiroti * E0 * r Mukhoza).

bokosi A adzachita ntchito pa gulu lokha, lomwe ndi numerically wofanana:

A = 2 * ((Q * Q) / 4 * ku Pihahiroti * E0 * r Mukhoza).

Kenako zonse chabe: kuchotsa mlandu zina chingandithandize kuti mphamvu zonse ndi wofanana ndi ziro (palibe chilolezo). Mu nkhani iyi, ntchito ndi munda wa numerically equalized. M'mawu ena, mphamvu choyambirira kwathunthu n'kukhala ntchito.

Asayansi zokhudzana ndi mtima wa mphamvu munda wa magetsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kusankha capacitors. Pambuyo aliyense chipangizo ngati tichipeza mbale awiri olekanitsidwa ndi r Mukhoza mtunda, pa lirilonse la mlandu ndi kulimbikira.