Nature wa Kazakhstan ndi mbali yake. Monga chikhalidwe kutetezedwa Kazakhstan?

Chikhalidwe cha Kazakhstan ndi yosiyanasiyana. Pali chipululu chachikulu, mapiri atali, steppe lalikulu, dziko loyenda mitsinje ndi nyanja yaikulu. The zinyama ndi zomera za dziko umaimiridwa ndi mitundu osowa zomera ndi nyama kutchulidwa Red Book. M'nkhani limeneli muphunzira zimene zimapanga zachilengedwe ku Kazakhstan ndi zimene miyeso n'kupita adzaupulumutsa.

Features wa chikhalidwe cha Kazakhstan

Mu ake m'dera la Kazakhstan ndi chinayi waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse. Pankhaniyi, ndi kunyumba kwa anthu mamiliyoni khumi. Dziko la malo aakulu, kumene moyo mitundu yambirimbiri ya mbalame ndi nyama. Mu chikhalidwe chake zapamwamba za Kazakhstan. Ambiri mwa dziko (44%) ndi chipululu. Pafupifupi wachitatu (26%) mu dera ili nkhani woyendera nthambi steppe. Forest ku Kazakhstan limakula mouma kwambiri (5.5%). Mu mtima wa dziko ndi lingamutsatire "chikasu steppe" - tipitirize-Arka. Dera la boma n'zazikulu kwambiri limene likuthandiza Tarbagatai East ndi Altai, ndi West - Ural. Mu kum'mwera kumadzulo Kazakhstan ndi Ustyurt yachonde ndi kugombe la Nyanja ya Caspian. Kum'mawa malire a dziko apuma pa mbali ya kumpoto Tien Shan.

nkhokwe m'dera chikhalidwe

The Nature Conservancy a Kazakhstan ndi yofunika kwambiri kwa utsogoleri dziko. Yopangidwa ndi ndondomeko ya ntchito kwa patsogolo ndi kuchira zachilengedwe m'dziko lino zakutchire ndi wokongola. Kukhalabe ntchito za malo osungirako zachilengedwe - mmodzi wa mitu yomwe. Pakali pano, pali asanu ndi awiri a iwo: Ustyurt, Markakolsky, Korgalzhyn, Barsakelmessky, Almaty, Nauru-zumsky ndi Aksu Dzhabagly. Aliyense opatulika amathandiza pa gawo ake topezeka wapadera. Narzumsky - amachita ndi kuphunzira ndi kuteteza namwali nthenga udzu steppe ndi ili kuti nyanja kwambiri, pa gombe amene kukula nkhalango pine. Barsakelmesky - anathawira chilumba chimakwirira mahekitala 18,000 m'dera la Nyanja Aral. Pali nyama zochepa ndi mbalame, koma zomera olemera. Aksu-Zhabagly Nature Reserve - wakale kwambiri mu Kazakhstan. Limafotokoza anayi mkulu-nyamuka malo lamba, omwe mumakhala nyama ndi zomera kawirikawiri.

ka madzi

Kazakhstan alibe kubwereketsa kwa nyanja ndi kusamba ndi nyanja ziwiri kumtunda - ndi Aral ndi Caspian. chuma madzi a dziko zinthu zambiri ndithu - pali zimachitika eyiti ndi zikwi theka yaikuluikulu mitsinje. Yaikulu ya iwo - Tobol, Irtysh, Ili, Ishim, Syrdarya, Ural ndipo Emba. Nyanja yaikulu m'dziko - Balkhash. Mu Kazakhstan amasamalirira kwambiri kuteteza topezeka apadera, ndi zinyama ndi zomera la Nyanja Aral, mwina ili m'malire a dziko. Caspian gombe, onse mbali kumpoto ndi kum'mawa kwa bwino a Kazakhstan.

m'dera Forest

Kwambiri chuma nkhalango ya dziko ili pafupi mapiri a kumpoto Tien Shan. Apa kukula ya m'mapiri meadows ndi nkhalango mlombwa, m'zigwa Tingaone mitengo mtedza ndi mitengo apulo. M'gulu la anthu mipando awa ndi osungidwa ndi zofiirira chimbalangondo, mbuzi ya kumapiri, matalala kambuku. Mu pafupi ndi Altai nayonso nkhalango. M'dera limeneli, on Lake Markakol, pali malo chikhalidwe. Mu Altai nayonso anthu mimbulu, nkhosa yakuthengo, mphalapala, zimbalangondo ndi amphaka. Palinso kukaikira mazira grouse, grouse ndi ptarmigan. Mu Markokolskom nyanjayi ndi kunyumba kwa mitundu inayi ya nsomba. Pakati pawo - uskuch ndi palatability kwambiri.

steppes

Steppes a Kazakhstan ndi yokoma komanso zosangalatsa anthu. osiyanasiyana awo lalikulu la nkotheka kupeza mazana saltwater ndi madzi oyera nyanja. Zachilengedwe malo awa amafuna chitetezo mosamala. Nyanja Tengiz ndi Kurgaldzhino ali mu mndandanda wa mayiko ndi madzi a kufunika lonse. Nature ya kum'mawa Kazakhstan zokongola. Kuli mitundu osowa wa mbalame. Mwachitsanzo, pa Nyanja Tengiz zimapezeka mphama pinki. Ndi kumpoto kwenikweni kukaikira mazira malo a mbalame osowa. Pafupi ndi Korgalzhyn nyanja anthu chamga lakuthwa-nosed. mbalame kuswa chisa akuyandama, ndiye nthawi yaitali amavala iwo pa nsana wake, imadumphira m'madzimo uku ikukupiza, ndipo ngakhale kusaka ndi iwo. Izi oimira wapadera wa mbalame moyo mu Korgalzhyn Reserve. The zomera m'dera lino ukufanizidwa makamaka makoswe: mbewa yoyenda modumpha, madzi makoswe, steppe lemming, marmot ndi zina zotero.

m'chipululu dziko

Nature wa Kazakhstan - ndi dziko zosiyanasiyana zipululu. Ena mwa iwo ndi miyala - Betpak Dala, gravelly - Ustyurt yachonde, mchenga - Kyzylkum, Karakum, Moyynkum. M'zipululu, ukhale mbewa yoyenda modumpha, agwape, ndiponso kuopseza ndi mamba. Chikhalidwe cha Kazakhstan wolemera zokwawa. Dziko opezeka sikisitini mitundu ya njoka. The mumchenga angapezeke Kyzydkuma imvi buluzi - buluzi waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse.

Ustyurt Nature Reserve - wamng'ono ndi waukulu mu dziko. Apa, thandizani umoyo wa mitundu khumi ndi awiri a mbalame ndi nyama zimene zimakhala mu chipululu kumpoto. Iwo kutchulidwa Red Book of Kazakhstan. Protection nkhani nguluwe ligation, jeyran, Quad wothamanga. Oimira mbalame moyo pano partridge, saker kabawi, partridge, wakuda bellied sandgrouse.

Kuwonjezera nkhokwe

The Nature Conservancy si gulu la nkhokwe ku Kazakhstan. Mu dziko, otchedwa nkhokwe. Ichi ndi gawo limene ntchito zachuma ndi chovomerezeka, koma pa nthawi ndi malire, ndi kuvulaza ozungulira zachilengedwe. Total nkhokwe ku Kazakhstan 80 bungwe.

Ena zinthu zachilengedwe amaonedwa monga zipilala achilengedwe. phindu zokongoletsa ndi sayansi kuposa Ndalama. Kazakhstan walengeza misewu imeneyi "Charyn phulusa kanyumba", "Chinturgenskie spruce" (Almaty dera) ndi "Goose ndege" (pafupi ndi malo pa gombe la Irtysh Pavlodar).

Kazakhstan chikhalidwe ndi nkhanza, koma m'njira yakeyake wokongola. mitundu ake osowa ndi pangozi kutchulidwa Red Book of Kazakhstan. Idamangidwa mu 1974. Bukhu lotsiriza tinalisindikizanso mu 1999, Baibulo ake atsopano ndi mitundu 40 ya nyama zakuthengo, 57 mbalame, nyama zokwawa 10, 3 achule ndi 18 nsomba.