"Mpira" - m'mphepete mwa nyanja chida dongosolo

Ntchito kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha malire apanyanja zogwirizana lililonse boma, lomwe lili m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Kuopa kuukira zinthu masiku ano ovuta ndale, dziko lililonse akuchititsa wodziimira kunja Inde. Pakuti la Russia, kumbali atazunguliridwa ndi nyanja ndi nyanja, ndi malire waukulu, wolemera mu chuma, vuto la ulamuliro wa madzi m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi zofunika kwambiri. Atsopano machitidwe chida "Mpira" ndi "phata" chitsimikizo odalirika chitetezo mokwiya zotheka.

dongosolo lino la manja wa m'badwo atsopano DBK. ntchito zimene za izo, dosed, koma ngakhale pamaziko a deta zochepa, zinthu zina akhoza mwachita.

Chifukwa antiship machitidwe Mobile

Ku Russia ali yaitali apanyanja malire (pafupifupi 39 chikwi. Km) pafupifupi wofanana ndi kutalika kwa equator ya Earth. Ngati malire dziko imachititsa malinga, zomveka kuwayika m'maboma asilikali, kuonetsetsa msinkhu chokwanira cha mphamvu Kuwonjezereka mwambo vuto, kulenga machitidwe odalirika ndi chida chitetezo, chinyezimiro cha kuukira gawo la nyanja ndi kovuta chifukwa unpredictability wa malangizo amadza.

Anti-chida dongosolo mtengo Bajeti mtengo, ndi machulukitsidwe wa mzere lonse m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya utsogoleri wa asilikali amaona muyeso operewera. Kuwonjezera PRK amakono kuchita misonkhano yaikulu gawo mokwanira zotheka yojambula angathe mdani. Mapeto ndi losavuta: odana ndi chida dongosolo ayenera kukhala yam'manja. Only mu nkhani iyi, iwo adzatha kuonekera pa nthawi malo kumene ambiri chofunika, ndiye mofulumira kusintha malo opaleshoni amakhalabe ndi chitetezo kubwezera.

mawu ochepa A za geopolitics

Chinthu chofunika cha mayiko geopolitics - adani kale akutumikira monga otchedwa "zokambirana gunboat." Mukhozanso kukumbukira mwambi "chachikulu ndodo" ndi a Monroe Chiphunzitso. Akamanena za zachitikadi izi yafupika chiwembu lophweka. Ngati ena aboma ndi zochita zake zoletsa lonse kapena dera lalikulu la US ndi ogwirizana ake ku mabanki kuti imatumizidwa zombo, ndi miyeso amene apangidwa kuti aopseze utsogoleri osaweruzika dziko. Pa nthawi imene zotsatira maganizo sanali akwaniritsa, mu maphunzirowa anali firepower ndi ndege sitimayo ofotokoza. Ndiye zingatheke ankafika la asilikali, ntchito ndi boma kusintha wokhulupirika kwambiri.

zitsanzo za njira izi chigamulocho ya ngozi dera kumeneko, ndipo ndatopa nawo, makamaka khumi zapitazi. Akuvutika loyamba la mphamvu kanthu ali, monga ulamuliro, ndi dziko zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe, pazifukwa zina osati yake wamakono wa asilikali ake, makamaka losiyanasiyana machitidwe chitetezo (wotsutsa ndege, odana ndi chida ndi odana).

Monga "Mpira" amayang'ana kunja

Kusukulutsa mphamvu zofanana kuumiriza ku Russia, mwa njira ina, pali mafoni antiship dongosolo "Mpira." Chida dongosolo ndi mu utumiki kuyambira 2008. Chiwerengero cha zitsanzo siriyo analandira Asilikali mu nthawi zakale Sizikudziwika, koma magulu maso a BOD kale.

Chifukwa zachilendo katundu luso ndi chitetezo chake, osati zinthu zonse za izo anafotokoza. Koma ndithu kupeza makhalidwe ake tcheru amapanga sazindikira. Ndipotu, kuwonjezera kuthetsa ntchito yomweyo za nkhondoyo, zofunika maganizo amadza opangidwa zida. Wamba chinthu zotheka wolusa wa zida zina kuti angathandize kukuonetsa atha kutumikira ngati cholepheretsa wamphamvu. Choncho ena mwatsatanetsatane ndi luso makhalidwe a dongosolo ano Russian antiship aliwerenge.

Mumadziwika ambiri dongosolo nkhondowo wagawo zida BOD "Bal." Pagombe chida dongosolo ndi chigawo mlingo M'gulu wagawo ndi tichipeza angapo (mpaka khumi) makina pa anayi mkulu mtanda nsanja MAZ-7930. Ntchito ulamuliro "ubongo" a dongosolo amachita SKPUS (umaimira "Self-injini lamulo positi kulamulira ndi kulankhulana"). magalimoto awiri kuti mukhale ndi ofanana zida zonse kupereka ulamuliro kuwombera, kulankhulana ndi lamulo la asilikali ndi mgwirizano pakati pa zinthu zina yam'manja. Chida dongosolo "Bal-E" zikuphatikizapo mpaka launchers anayi wokwera pa galimotoyo chomwecho. Iwo amagwiritsa ntchito moto mwachindunji kwa adani. Kutsegulaso mivi ngati n'koyenera zotsatirazi volleys akuyendera TPM (zoyendera ndi katundu akuchitira maofesi), zingakhalenso inayi. ndime The analandira chidwi - mpaka mayunitsi khumi zimagalimoto.

batire chachikulu

Magwero ena anasonyeza chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti zilembo "E" ngati chikhazikitso cha katundu lathu la chitsanzo. Mwinamwake, koma salamulidwa zingatheke kuti kalata zina - ndi kusinthidwa index. System, wopangidwa pa Russian Army, atolankhani zambiri amatchedwa "Bal-E". Coast antiship zovuta waukulu warhead sitima chida okonzeka ndi X-35 (kachiwiri, nthawi zina Kuwonjezera "E"). Bukuli linapangidwa monga chilengedwe zapansi projectile (ndege, sitima, nthaka) ndipo ndi njira kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito nkhonya pa anthu amphamvu ndi mosalekeza anachita, kuphatikizapo e.

Kuyambira olimba chilimbikitso mafuta chuma likutukuka, ndiye bwinja, alekanitsa ndi ikagwa. Dongosolo mapiko, madyedwe mpweya (ili m'munsimu) trapezoid. The ndege ndi pa okwera otsika kwambiri (kuchokera mamita 5 mpaka 10), chifukwa yokhulupirika akukumana kopitilira muyeso-yeniyeni Rada altimeter. dongosolo malangizo ophatikizana (inertial kuthamanga ndi makina ounikira ngalande). The ndege liwiro ali pafupi ndi kuchimva. Pokonzekera Launch za "ozizira" X-35E mivi muyenera miniti imodzi. Kulemera kwa projectile ndi ochepa - 620 makilogalamu mabomba kulemera - 145 makilogalamu. kubowola amenewa mkulu zachiwawa mlandu kugawikana mkulu-zachiwawa kungapangitse kuti kuwonongedwa kwa chandamale nyanja ndi kusamutsidwa matani oposa 5000, koma zimenezi si chofunika. Ambiri mwa ankafika luso ndithu zikugwirizanira chimango ichi. Pakuti zinthu zikuluzikulu mwa nyanja chida dongosolo DBK "Bal-E" mwina ntchito mode salvo. Kuwononga utali wozungulira X 35 ukufika 120 kukafika (Posachepera - 7 km). Izi zokwanira proactively amawateteza amphibious amazunza kapena amapatula kuthekera kwa izo.

galimotoyo

Mwatsatanetsatane dongosolo khalidwe chitetezo zimadalira mphamvu yake yake kufika pa malo yowotcha ndipo mwamsanga kusiya pambuyo Launch. mkulu mtanda MAZ 7930 anati nsanja ndi odalirika ndi amphamvu. Iye anasonkhanitsa zinthu zonse za "Mpira" dongosolo limodzi. M'mphepete mwa nyanja chida dongosolo, kuphatikizapo mu malo stowed magalimoto dazeni, akhoza kuchokera kwa kapangidwe ka zida kugwira imalankhula kwa zinthu kutali ndi zobisika zimene ali pa mtunda wa makilomita 10 kuchokera mu nyanja. Komanso, malo wangwiro kuwombera ndi zigwembe ndiponso m'zigwa, kumene kuli kosavuta kwa chinthu. Apa amafunika mkulu permeability. Kupatula izo, MAZ-7930 kupereka makumi tani Launcher yoyenda yokha kuyenda osiyanasiyana monga ku 850 Km. Liwiro panjira - 20 Km / h pa khwalala - 60 km / h. Aliyense PU yakwera zoyendera ndi Launch chidebe miyala eyiti, motero, limodzi ananyoza magawano 32 anayamba. Nthawi ikumasuliridwa kuwomberako boma la galimoto - mphindi 10.

Mlengi ndi nkhani

Moscow "KBM" analenga mogwirizana ndi makampani ena chitetezo machitidwe otere mibadwo yapita, ndipo anapeza mderali chochitika wolemera. Mobile m'mphepete mwa nyanja chida dongosolo "Lina" anayamba kupanga apa, zaka zoposa ziwiri, ali mu utumiki ndi Russian yapamadzi, komanso zimagulitsidwa. Zothandiza ndi zina zomwe akamagwira chilengedwe cha sitimayo chida dongosolo "Uran-E". kachitidwe akhoza kukhala kunja kwa tsiku, koma "Mpira" chida dongosolo la m'badwo wotsatira mapulani ake amaganizira yaitali makhalidwe a zaumisiri m'zaka XXI. Siriyo kupanga zida zatsopano apatsidwa mbewu "Mvula ya mkuntho". mayesero State anali bwinobwino mu September 2004.

SKPUS

Ku maganizo a munthu zifukwa nkhani ya usilikali, m'mphepete mwa nyanja chida dongosolo "Bal-E" wapangidwa ndi ena makina kuwombera. Inde, launchers pa wamphamvu matayala kutali kwambiri kuganiza zochititsa chidwi akasupe a utsi ndi moto, adzachotsa kwa muli pa nthawi Launch. Komabe, mu nkhondo zamakono n'kofunika kwambiri kuposa dongosolo kulamulira, amene amapereka firepower onse chofunika molondola. Kulimbana anagwira ndi mdani mu nkhondo yeniyeni, mwina zosiyanasiyana zigawo zikuluzikulu - kuchokera udakali chabe kusokonezedwa pakompyuta kuyesa kufika mizinga ntchito. Kuchuluka kwa ntchito wodzilamulira injini ulamuliro lamulo ndi kulankhulana kufika kulowa ndi makina ounikira reconnaissance, ndi ntchito ndi zolinga (kuphatikizapo kudziwika zabodza), ndi ntchito lathu m'derali, ndi tanthauzo la zinthu zofunika kwambiri. SKPUS makina (pali awiri, iwo kutsanzira ntchito ya wina ndi mzake) yatenganso retractable dongosolo mlongoti kuchitapo kanthu malo obisika zipangizo usiku m'masomphenya, zida navigation ndi kuika kusokonezedwa yake. Pali chibwereza njira angapo ndiyotengera zonyamula kugwirizana. Chifukwa cha zimenezi zipangizo zonse antiship zovuta "Bal-E" mwamsanga kusintha malo ndi ntchito monga efficiently ngati n'kotheka, mofulumira mbali nkhondo latsopano.

kutsegulaso

Mu chochitika cha owononga ku yaikulu panyanja mdani kugwirizana batire launchers adzakhala ndi moto mode salvo. Menyani wina X 35 roketi akhoza kuwononga kwambiri kwa ngalawa kalasi "frigate" kapena kwathunthu kuwononga ngalawa yaing'ono, koma chandamale lalikulu (a cruiser kapena ndege chonyamulira) zimafunika mndandanda wa zotsatira zogwirizana. Mwachibadwa, pamene kuwombera ananyoza gulu la launchers anayi kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti mofulumira kwambiri. M'mphepete mwa nyanja chida dongosolo DBK "Bal-E" amatha kuyambitsa anayi (chiwerengero cha PU) masekondi atatu (ndi imeneyi pakati pa chiyambi cha aliyense makina). Pambuyo kuwombera wagawo, pofuna kupewa kubwezera, ayenera kusiya malo. Kenako kugwira TBI (zoyendera refueling makina). Shestitsentnerovye zipolopolo (nawonso, 32 zonse zipolopolo) ndi manipulator ndi adzatenga malo awo mu muli ukapolo PU DBK "Bal." Dongosolo chida adzatha kachiwiri moto pa akagwiriridwa lapansi. recharging ndondomeko adzatenga zosaposa maminiti makumi anai.

chitetezo chida

Conventionally, mitundu yonse ya zida zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri. machitidwe a silikhali tinapangidwa kuteteza magulu a adani kwambiri m'dziko kutetezedwa. zida zolawula ntchito ngati njira kuponya zofunika kapena kauntala. Sitingathe kukusalani zolinga aukali cha mdani angathe, pamene ulamuliro wa m'dzikolo anaika wokha mu funso. Lotani zida monga "Mpira"? Dongosolo chida akhoza msanga kwa mfundo anakhumba wa zamasewero ku ntchito ya usilikali kapena pansi mphamvu zake, kapena osiyana modes zoyendera (mwachitsanzo, ankafika zombo). Pankhaniyi, izo ntchito kuphimba asilikali chifukwa cholumidwa ndi zotheka mdani nyanja. Komabe, misa chidwi za makina ndi povuta mpweya wake dontho, choncho pali zifukwa kukhulupirira kuti BRC lakonzedwa kuchita ntchito kumbuyo pa madera ake. M'mphepete mwa nyanja chida dongosolo "Bal-E" kwa akulankhulira kumayiko wochezeka kwambiri choopsa alowererepo asilikali zochita zawo mkati.

Kutheka wamakono zina

Mtundu uliwonse analandira pa luso zida ntchito yaitali nkhondo, nthawi zina kupitiriza kwa zaka zambiri. Kukwera mtengo kwa akonzedwa zofunika kuzichita kufunika kuchepetsa kupondereza ndalama chitetezo mu bajeti. Motero aliyense nyemba anayamba kupanga ndi chifukwa cha zotheka kusintha structural anabweretsa ndi Kubwera kwa zigawo chipangizo ndi kwenikweni chikugwirizana ndi zida kompyuta ndi aya. Osati kupatulapo ndi "Bal-E". Coast antiship zovuta amakhala ndi digiri yapamwamba angathe wamakono. Makamaka, n'zotheka kukonza chiongoko ndi kutsata magawo ndi mfundo kuchokera ku magwero kunja. Zikuphatikizapo opanda mlengalenga magalimoto, reconnaissance ndege Helicopters, danga anaziika ndi akumidzi Rada kulondera posts. Makinawa topographic kumangako mosavuta kufufuza chandamale.

Pankhani ya zitsanzo zina zamakono nkhondo sitima, iwo adzakhala kachiwiri okonzeka "Bal-E". M'mphepete mwa nyanja mafoni chida zovuta adzatha kugwira ntchito zake mogwirizana ndi zofunika atsopano luso. A zosiyanasiyana nyengo imene zida Russian amasunga luso nkhondo, ndipo amachititsa mkulu katundu angathe.