Mtsutsano za choonadi kusewera "m'munsi kuya" Gorky

Polemba chinenero masewero Maksima Gorkogo "Pa pansi" akhoza limanenedwa ngati sewero aumunthu. Mu ntchito iyi, wolemba ngwokhoza kuukitsa kwambiri nkhani mabvuto wa munthu ndi tanthauzo linakhalapo. Komabe, mkangano za choonadi kusewera "m'munsi kuya" anali ndi fungulo.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

sewerolo linalembedwa mu 1902. nthawi iyi amakhala ndi lalikulu mavuto azachuma, omwe chifukwa cha kutsekedwa fakitale antchito kutuluka ntchito, ndi amphawi, anakakamizika kupempha ndi kumapempha. anthu onse awa, ndipo pamodzi ndi boma, anali pansi kwambiri. Kusonyeza kuchuluka kuchepa mphamvu, limakhulupirira Gorky anapanga otchulidwa wake oimira zigawo zonse za anthu. Iwo Baron, amene anakhala adventurer, ndi wosewera kale, wachiwerewere, locksmith, mbala, yokonza nsapato, bizinezi, zipinda nyumba landlords, apolisi.

Ndipo anali pakati mwamsanga ndi umphawi apatsidwa mafunso ofunika muyaya la Moyo. Ndipo pa mtima nkhondo akuika pankhani za choonadi cha sewero "m'munsi kuya". Izi kalekale vuto nthanthi n'ngosathetseka mabuku Russian, chifukwa anayamba Pushkin, Lermontov, Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, Chekhov ndi ena ambiri. Koma Gorky chiyani kuwopsyeza boma la zochitika, ndipo iye walenga ntchito wopanda didacticism ndi moralizing. wowerenga yekha kulandira kusankha, pambuyo kumvetsera mfundo zosiyanasiyana view, amene kufotokoza m'nkhaniyi.

Mtsutsano za choonadi

Mu sewerolo "kuya wotsika", monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, owawa osati ankafotokozedwa chenicheni choipa, wolemba yaikulu inali kuyankha mafunso ofunika kwambiri nzeru za anthu. Ndipo mapeto ake amalowerera kulenga mankhwala nzeru, amene anali Palibenso mbiri ya mabuku. Koyamba, nkhani zikuoneka disjointed, plotless ndi zosamveka koma zidutswa zonse za chithunzi cha pang'onopang'ono anawonjezera, ndi azionerera adzatambasula zipolowe za ngwazi, omwe ndi chonyamulira cha choonadi.

M'zigawozigawo, osokoneza ndiponso zopanda malire mutu monga mkangano za choonadi kusewera "m'munsi kuya". Table, omwe akhoza kupanga amvetse kwambiri, mungachite amapanga zilembo zitatu: Bubnov, Luka ndi bafuta. Ndi zilembo izi ndi kukambirana mkangano za kufunika choonadi. Pozindikira kuti n'zosatheka poyankha funso limeneli, Gorky amaika mu kamwa ya ngwazi za maganizo osiyanasiyana, omwe ndi ofanana ndi ravnoprivlekatelny kwa wowerenga lapansi. Ndi kovuta kudziwa udindo wa mwini, kotero izi zithunzi atatu otsutsa kutanthauziridwa mu njira zosiyana, ndipo pali palibe kugwirizana monga omwe mawonedwe kukhala oona ali woona.

Bubnov

Kulowa mu mkangano za choonadi cha sewero "wotsika kuya", Bubnov ndi a maganizo kuti chinsinsi mfundo zonse. Iye sakhulupirira kuti kuli ndi tsogolo mkulu wa munthu. Munthu amabadwa ndi moyo yekhayo kufa: "Njira yonse: anabadwa, adzakhala ndi moyo, kufa. Ndipo ine kufa ... ndipo inu ... Kodi bondo ... "khalidwe Izi zikuonetsa kusimidwa mu moyo ndipo amaona kanthu chimwemwe m'tsogolo. Choonadi kwa iye ndi kuti anthu sangathe kukana zinthu ndi nkhanza za dziko.

Pakuti Bubnov bodza zosavomerezeka ndi zovuta kuzimvetsa, iye amakhulupirira kuti muyenera kulankhula choonadi: "? Ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani anthu amanama ngati"; "Mu lingaliro langa, Wali lonse choonadi, monga!" Iye momasuka popanda choletsa anatchula mfundo yake, popanda kuyang'ana pa ena. Philosophy Bubnov woona ndi pitiless kwa munthu, iye sanawone mfundo za anansi awo ndi kuliyang'anira.

Luka

Luka chinthu chofunika si choonadi, ndi chitonthozo. Pofuna kubweretsa ena kupanda chiyembekezo mu moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa anthu okhala doss nyumba, limawapatsa chiyembekezo chabodza. thandizo lake ndi bodza. Luka amamvetsa anthu ndipo amadziwa zimene zimafunika kuti aliyense pa maziko a izi ndi amapereka lonjezo. Kotero, iye akuuza kufa Anna kuti pambuyo pa imfa akuyembekezera mpumulo wake, wosewera Mzimu chiyembekezo chakuti achira uchidakwa, Phulusa amalonjeza moyo wabwino Siberia.

Luka m'gulu la kanjedza ndi kiyi nkhaniyi mkangano za choonadi kusewera "m'munsi kuya". Replicas achisoni zonse, kumutsimikizira wake, koma iwo alibe mawu a chowonadi. chithunzi ichi ndi chimodzi mwa maganizo kwambiri sewero. Kwa nthawi yaitali zolembalemba wake ayesedwa yekha kumbali zoipa, koma lero ambiri kuwona zimene Luka ndi mphindi positive. mabodza ake titonthozedwa ofooka, sanathe kupirira nkhanza za zenizeni. The nzeru za khalidwe kukoma: "Munthu akhoza kuphunzitsa wabwino ... Pamene anthu amakhulupirira - ankakhala, koma anataya chikhulupiriro chake - nadzipachika yekha pakhosi." Zimasonyeza chikutanthauza imatengedwa kuti ndi za m'mene munthu wakale opulumutsidwa achifwamba awiri pamene anamukomera mtima. N'zoona Luka - mu chifundo kumupatsa ndikuyembekeza kuti anthu ndi chilakolako ngakhale zabodza, kuti n'zotheka bwino, amene anathandiza moyo.

sateen

Bafuta imatengedwa mdani waukulu wa Luka. Ndi zilembo awiriwa mtsutso waukulu wa choonadi kusewera "m'munsi kuya". Bafuta Quotes Mosiyana zikuchepa ndi mawu a Luka: "Mabodza - chipembedzo akapolo," "N'zoona - munthu ufulu mulungu"!

Pakuti bafuta kugona zosavomerezeka monga munthu, amaona mphamvu, durability ndi luso kusintha chilichonse. Chifundo ndiponso kukoma ndi tanthauzo, anthu safuna iwo. Ndi khalidwe akunena wotchuka monologue wa munthu mulungu, "Pali munthu chabe, onse - ntchito ya manja ake ndi ubongo wake! Iwo - lalikulu! Izo zikumveka - ndi onyada "!

Mosiyana Bubnov, amadziwanso choonadi ndipo anakana bodza bafuta amalemekeza anthu amakhulupirira mwa amfitiwo.

Pomaliza

Choncho mkangano za choonadi kusewera "m'munsi kuya" ndi plot-. Gorky sanali kupereka yankho lomveka bwino kuti mkangano, kudziwa amene ali kumanja, kodi aliyense wowerenga okha. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti chomaliza monologue Satina nyimbo anamva nthawi yomweyo mwamuna ndi kuti achitepo kanthu kusintha chenicheni mantha.