Mulungu, chirengedwe, munthu mu ndakatulo ya Esenin. Zolemba za Esenin zolengedwa

"Singer ndi Herald wa Russia Wolemba" - momwemo Esenin mwiniwake adadzifotokozera yekha ngati ndakatulo. Ntchito zake ndizoona moona mtima. Iye amapereka moyo wake wa Russia popanda manyazi osafunikira, omwe amavutika, amasungunuka, amasunga komanso amasangalala.

Nyimbo za Yesenin

Yesenin analemba za nkhawa yake ndi anthu ake. Iye anali mwana wa nthawi yake, amene anaphunzira zovuta zambiri. Ndicho chifukwa chake zilembo zazikulu za ndakatulo za Esenin ndizo zomwe zikuchitika m'mudzi wa Russia, pakalipano komanso m'tsogolo mwa Russia, chikondi chachilengedwe, chikondi kwa akazi ndi chipembedzo.

Ulusi wofiira kupyolera mu cholengedwa chonse cha cholengedwa cha ndakatulo ndi chikondi choyaka cha dziko lakwawo. Maganizo amenewa ndi chiyambi cha kufufuza kwake kwina kulikonse. Ndipo Esenin amalimbikitsa makamaka malingaliro a Motherland, osati zandale, ngakhale kuti sanadutse mbali ya chisoni ndi chisangalalo cha anthu a ku Russia. Mdziko la wolemba ndakatulo - ndi malo ozungulira, nkhalango, zigwa, zomwe zimayambira kuchokera kunyumba ya makolo a mbira komanso kupita kutali. Wolemba ndakatuloyu anawonetsa kukongola kwakukulu kuyambira kukumbukira mwana ndi chikhalidwe chake - mudzi wa Konstantinovo, kumene "Esperin" ya Esenin inayamba. Kutengeka kotereku chikondi kwa dziko lachibadwidwe kunasonyezedwa m'madzi otsekemera osalimba kwambiri.

Mitu yonse ya ntchito ya Esenin, makamaka mutu wa chikondi kwa a Motherland ndi chikondi cha chirengedwe, imagwirizana kwambiri moti sangathe kusiyanitsa wina ndi mzake. Anayamikira dziko lozungulira iye ngati mwana "wobadwa ndi nyimbo mu bulangete la udzu," akudziyesa yekha mbali yofunikira.

Chikondi chikondi - chigawo chosiyana cha chidziwitso cha ndakatulo-nugget. Chithunzi cha mkazi wochokera m'ndemanda chake chinachotsedwa ku zokongola za Russia "ndi madzi ofiira a zipatso za khungu", "ndi mtolo wa oatmeal tsitsi". Koma chiyanjano cha chikondi nthawi zonse chimachitika ngati kumbuyo, pakati pa zochita nthawi zonse zimakhala zofanana. Wolemba ndakatulo nthawi zambiri amamuyerekeza ndi mtsikana wochepa kwambiri, ndi wosankhidwa wake - ndi mapulo. Kukonzekera koyambirira kukudziwika ndi chiwopsezo chaunyamata, yang'anani pa chikhalidwe cha ubalewo ("zakselu mowa, isomna, ngati mtundu"). Kwa zaka zambiri, wolemba ndakatulo ataphunzira zokhumudwitsa pamaso pake, akunena kuti amadana ndi akazi oipitsitsa, ndipo amakhulupirira kuti sichimangokhala chonyenga ("moyo wathu ndi bedi ndi bedi"). Yesenin mwiniwakeyo adawona kuti "Persian Persian" ndi chiwerengero cha chikondi chake, kumene ulendo wopita ku Batumi unatsimikizira.

Ziyenera kuzindikiridwa mafilosofi ambiri mu zilembo za Yesenin. Ntchito zoyambirira zimapangitsa kuti moyo ukhale wamphumphu, kudziwa bwino malo awo komanso tanthauzo la kukhalapo. Mnyamata wodzitamandira amamupeza ali umodzi ndi chirengedwe, akudzitcha yekha mbusa, amene "zipinda ziri pakati pa minda yamaluwa". Amadziwa kuti kufota kwa moyo kumathamanga ("zonse zidzatha, ngati kuchokera ku maapulo oyera, utsi"), ndipo kuchokera pazimenezi nyimbo zake zimakhala ndi chisoni chachikulu.

Chochititsa chidwi ndi mutu wakuti "Mulungu, chirengedwe, ndakatulo ya Yesenin."

Mulungu

Chiyambi cha zolinga zachikhristu ku Esenin chiyenera kuyesedwa kuyambira ali mwana. Agogo ake aamuna ndi agogo awo anali anthu achipembedzo kwambiri ndipo adamupatsa mdzukulu ulemu womwewo kwa Mlengi.

Wolemba ndakatulo akufufuza ndikupeza zilembo za nsembe ya dipo mwa zozizwitsa za chirengedwe ("mphepo yotsutsika ... impsyopsyona zilonda zofiira pamtunda wa rowan wofiira kwa Khristu wosawoneka," "tsiku lolowa dzuwa litombola tchimo lonse").

Mulungu wa Yesenin amakhala mu Russia wakale, wotuluka kunja, kumene "kabichi kabedi kamadzika dzuwa ndi madzi ofiira." Wolemba ndakatulo amamuwona Mlengi poyamba pa zonse - chilengedwe chozungulira. Mulungu, chirengedwe, ndakatulo ya Yesenin nthawizonse imagwirizana.

Koma nthawi zonse wolemba ndakatulo anali wolambira wodzichepetsa. Mu nthawi imodzi, ali ndi mndandanda wonse wa zilembo zopandukira Mulungu. Izi ndi chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro chake mu October Revolution ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa malingaliro atsopano a chikomyunizimu. Mnyamata wotsutsa ngakhale amatsutsa Mlengi, akulonjeza kuti adzakhazikitsa mtundu watsopano popanda kusowa kwa Mulungu, "mzinda wa Inonia, kumene umoyo wamoyo umakhala." Koma nthawi yoteroyo inali yaifupi, posakhalitsa msilikali wodzitamanda adadzichepetsanso yekha "wodzichepetsa", akupempherera maenje ndi ng'ombe.

Munthuyo

Nthawi zambiri wolemba ndakatulo akuwonetsa msilikali wake ngati woyendayenda akuyenda pamsewu, kapena ngati mlendo m'moyo uno ("Aliyense padziko lapansi ndi mlendo - adzapita, apite ndi kuchokamo mnyumbamo"). Muzinthu zambiri Yesenin imakhudza "kutsinkhuka kwa unyamata" ("Gold grove yafooketsa ..."). Nthawi zambiri amaganiza za imfa ndipo amawona ngati kutha kwachilengedwe kwa aliyense ("Ndabwera kuno kuti ndizisiye mwamsanga"). Aliyense amatha kudziwa tanthauzo la kukhalapo kwake popeza malo ake mu "trida Mulungu" - munthu. Mu ndakatulo ya Esenin, chiyanjano chachikulu cha tsambali ndi chirengedwe, ndipo chinsinsi cha chimwemwe chimagwirizana ndi icho.

Chilengedwe

Ndi kachisi wa ndakatulo, ndipo munthu amene ali mmenemo ayenera kukhala wopembedza ("Ndipempherera Ali Zori, ndimadya mgonero pamtsinje"). Mwachidziwikire, mutu wa Wammwambamwamba ndi mutu wa chilengedwe mu ndakatulo ya Yesenin ndi yogwirizana kwambiri kuti palibe mzere wosinthika.

Chilengedwe ndi khalidwe lalikulu la ntchito zonse. Iye amakhala moyo wowala, wamphamvu. Kawirikawiri wolembayo amagwiritsa ntchito njira yotsanzira (klenochok imayera udzu wobiriwira, mazira a red-autumn omwe amachititsa kuti azikhala ndi golide, mvula yamkuntho imalira ngati violin ya gypsy, mbalame yamatumbu imagona mu chovala choyera, pini imangirizidwa ndi chibokosi choyera).

Zithunzi zomwe amakonda kwambiri ndi birch, maple, mwezi, m'maŵa. Yesenin ndi mlembi wa buku lomwe limatchedwa mapulaneti pakati pa birch-mtsikana ndi mapulo-mnyamata.

Nthano ya Yesenin "Birch"

Monga chitsanzo cha nthawi yoyeretsedwa komanso panthawi imodzimodziyo, munthu akhoza kulingalira vesi "Birch". Mtengo uwu kuyambira nthawi zakale ukutengedwa ngati chizindikiro cha msungwana wa ku Russia, ndi wa Russia wokha, ndicho chifukwa Esenin watanthauzira tanthauzo lalikulu mu ntchitoyi. Chikondi chokhala ndi chilengedwe chazing'ono chikukula ndikukongoletsa kukongola kwa dziko lalikulu la Russia. Zomwe zimachitika tsiku ndi tsiku (chisanu, birchi, nthambi) wolemba amaphunzitsa kuti awone zambiri. Zotsatirazi zikukwaniritsidwa mothandizidwa ndi kufananitsa (siliva - siliva), mafanizo (matalala a chipale chofewa amawotcha, nthambi zam'mawa). Zithunzi zosavuta ndi zomveka zimapangitsa ndakatulo ya Esenin kuti "Birch" yofanana ndi yowerengeka, ndipo iyi ndiyamikiridwa kwambiri ndi ndakatulo iliyonse.

Zomwe zimasintha

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ndakatulo ya Yesenin imamva chisoni kwambiri "pazinthu za buckwheat", ndipo nthawi zina zimakanikiza kukhumudwa ngakhale poyamikira dziko lachibadwidwe. Mwinamwake wolemba ndakatuloyu anawoneratu zoopsa za amayi ake, omwe m'tsogolomu "adzalinso ndi moyo, kuvina ndi kulira pa mpanda." Owerenga amapatsidwa chifundo kwa zinthu zonse zamoyo, chifukwa, ngakhale kuti ali ndi kukongola kwake, zinthu zonse zili pafupi, ndipo wolembayo akumva chisoni kuti: "Nyimbo yowawa, ndikumva ululu wa ku Russia."

Zolemba za ndakatulo za Yesenin

Mukhozanso kuzindikira zosiyana ndi zolemba za ndakatulo.

Yesenin ndi mfumu ya mafanizo. Anzeru kwambiri ankanyamula zithunzi zamakono pogwiritsa ntchito mawu ochepa, kuti ndakatulo iliyonse ili ndi zilembo zowala kwambiri ("madzulo akuda zisowa zakuda," "kutentha kwa dzuwa kumatsetsereka pamphepete mwa dziwe lofiira", "gulu lofukula pamwamba pa denga limatumikira nyenyezi yamadzulo").

Kuyanjana kwa ndakatulo ya Yesenin kumasewero kumapereka chitsimikizo chakuti zina mwa ndakatulo zake ndizosiyana. Zimakhala zophweka mosavuta kugwa nyimbo.

Chifukwa cha zochitika zoterezi za ndakatulo "Russia" matanthauzo ake sangasokonezedwe ndi ena. Iye sangathe kuthandizira kugonjetsa chikondi chake chopanda kudzikonda kwa Motherland, chomwe chimachokera ku minda ya Ryazan ndipo chimathera ndi cosmos. Chofunikira cha mutu wakuti "Mulungu - Chilengedwe - Munthu" mu ndakatulo ya Esenin akhoza kufotokozera mwachidule m'mawu ake omwe: "Ndikuganiza: dziko lapansi ndi lokongola bwanji ndipo pali munthu ..."