Ndi amene mtsogoleri? Chifanizo cha mtsogoleri wa andale ndi ntchito

Palibe gulu chikhalidwe si popanda dongosolo mkati ndi zosiyanasiyana, imene kuoneka kulamulira ndipo ankalamulira mbali zosiyanasiyana. Mutu wa nkhani ino amakhudza amaudindo apamwamba piramidi chikhalidwe. Ife kulankhula za amene mtsogoleri ndi zimene ntchito yake.

utsogoleri chodabwitsa

Cholengedwa chirichonse pa anthu lapansi kale nawo mpikisano wotchedwa moyo. Apo izo kuthamanga n'kupitirira, pali akunja. Komabe, ambiri amafuna kukhala patsogolo, podziwa kuti ndi chizindikiro cha kupambana kwa moyo wake. amene ali mtsogoleri m'njira lonse ndi yopapatiza mawu? Liwu lokha latembenuzidwa kuchokera English amatanthauza "patsogolo", "kutsogolera". Ambiri, ndi munthu kapena gulu la anthu omwe akuthamanga anthu onse a. Zamaganizo apeza kuti palibe ammudzi chikhalidwe sangathe moyo kwa nthawi yaitali popanda osati kuonetsetsa osankhika akutsogolera amene ulamuliro anazindikira mwa zonse ndi wokonzeka kugonjera. zodabwitsazi silili mitundu anthu, komanso mitundu zinyama. Choncho, tingathe kuganiza utsogoleri kuti ndi chodabwitsa cha dziko kwachilengedwenso.

Lingaliro la utsogoleri mu chitukuko

Ngakhale zinthu zambiri mbiri chadzidzidzi ndi anthu ambiri, m'mbiri ya mbiri analembedwa mayina a makamaka amene anali magudumu maganizo ndi inspirations cha zochita zina. Nikkolo Makiavelli kwa nthawi yoyamba analipira ngati mwatcheru nkhani ya amene ali mtsogoleri ndi makhalidwe ayenera kulilandira. M'buku lake "The Mfumu," anachita chidwi ndi atsogoleri ku Ulaya, amene anali kukwaniritsa cholinga chawo, kaya njira ndi njira. Ena Chitsulo ndinawona mu izi mtsogoleri wandale Fridrih Nitsshe. Ndi amene waima pamwamba makhalidwe ochiritsira, wokhoza osiyanasiyana zonse pa njira ankafuna. Sayansi yamakono ndale amafufuza makamaka ngati mtsogoleri Mwachitsanzo, mantha onse chifukwa chofala. Mwachitsanzo, pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World mwana wa Iosifa Stalina analandidwa. Lamulo German anapereka kusinthitsa mkaidi izi kwa Paulo, anagonja pa Stalingrad. Stalin, monga mtsogoleri wabwino, sanapite kuwombola amenewa, woyankhira kuti asilikali pa adzasonkhanitsa munda sizimasintha. Zinali zovuta, amene amadana ndi imfa ya mwana wake, koma bambo ake sanali kutenga kwambiri monga mutu wa dziko lalikulu.

mitundu utsogoleri

M'lingaliro wodziika kuonetsetsa yokhala ndi atsogoleri osasankhidwa. Woyamba udindo boma apamwamba, pamene lachiwiri, ngakhale popanda iye, ndi ulamuliro waukulu kwa gulu, osati mutu boma. Kusiyanitsa mitundu zotsatirazi utsogoleri:

• Traditional - malinga chiyambi anakhazikitsa miyambo;
• Mgulu - potengera makhalidwe payekha payekha ndi zimene anachita, yopambana ulemu wa anthu wamba;
• demokalase - pamaziko a chilamulo wogwila.

A ano mtsogoleri wandale angamange ubwenzi wawo ndi anthu zochokera ulamulilo wokomela, opondereza kapena kuti.

Makhalidwe a mtsogoleri wabwino

Mutu - sikungokhudza mkulu mwayi wa chuma chawo, komanso udindo amene adzadza pambuyo pake. Choncho, aliyense angathe kuchita ntchito ya mtsogoleri wa andale. Chiwerengero pali chithunzi ena a mtsogoleri. Ndi luso utsogoleri monga udindo, kudzipereka, luso kuuzira, ndikuganiza luso prognostically, utsogoleri, khalidwe amphamvu ndi wachikoka. Inde, m'nthawi yathu wanzeru chithunzi mtsogoleri wa ndale chokwanira popanda chigawo ichi wosazindikira imagwira anthu ngati monyinyirika pa mlingo chikumbumtima. Inu mukhoza kunena kuti nthawizina n'kosangalatsa nyota ena onse a phungu.

chilengedwe chifaniziro

Pankhondo ndale mphamvu kumafuna osati munthu mmodzi, ndi gulu lonse - kuzungulira lotsatira mabungwe anakhulupirira izo zothangatira ndi kulenga chithunzi cha mtsogoleri wa andale. Zimenezi ndi zofunika kwambiri, ngakhale kuti anthu ankakhulupirira kuti munthu wabwino, ndi conco anthu kunja. Mwatsoka, kampani lalifupi woona, ayenera m'njira Kufikika anaonetsa kuti ntchito makamaka tiyenera kuwakhulupirira awo, ndi kukhala okhoza zifukwa. Komanso, atsogoleri zoona sizili kwambiri. Popeza kumvetsetsa panopa zokhudza mmene kukhala mtsogoleri, kulenga chithunzi-opanga ndi gulu landale. ntchito imeneyi ikuphatikizapo chilengedwe cha maonekedwe, akupera liu lanu kuthekera kwa khalidwe, mawu, zisudzo, luso ndi zina zambiri. Choncho, fano mtsogoleri wa andale chabe kukhala chipolopolo kanthu ndi yabodza, ndipo mukhoza zokongola kutsindika uzirwi wa munthu, kupangitsa dzi chithunzi cha adzaponye chisanko.

Pulogalamu yoyeseza ndi populist

Pali anthu andale amene Ndipotu atsogoleri, atsogoleri a zigawo zina za anthu kapena anthu lonse, ndipo pali anthu amene amangonamizira kuti ali. Yotsirizira amatchedwa akutsanza, kapena populists. Monga pali kusiyana, makamaka kutentha la msonkhano chisankho, amene ali mtsogoleri? pulogalamu yoyeseza The linaŵerengera zolinga zotsatira, phindu n'kamodzi. lzhelider iyi kwambiri ndi kwambiri okonzeka lonjezo, ngakhale zonse mwakamodzi, osati kwambiri kuganizira zinthu ndi opambana kwambiri njira. Pakuti populist kunja zofunika kuposa zili mkati. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira pachithunzichi wa mtsutso ndale, zilakolako zoipa podzudzula otsutsa pansi kusinjirira. Yeniyeni chomwecho bwana akuluakulu angathe kuchita.

Mwatsoka, anthu amenewa nthawi zambiri kulandira thandizo kuchokera oponya voti, imene imachitika pa lonjezo kuthetsa zonse mofulumira ndi mwachindunji. Komabe, mchitidwe umenewu umatipatsa kuwonjezeka kukhulupirirana pakati pa anthu mu mabungwe a demokalase.

Udindo wa mtsogoleri wandale

mtsogoleri wandale mwa ntchito ndi yosiyanasiyana ndi zofunika. Choyamba, Chili anthu, kapena mbali zake malingaliro padziko wamba ndi zolinga. Kachiwiri, jenereta amachita ngati zolinga njira ya Kukwezeleza zakakhalidwe, amasiyiratu maganizo patsogolo pa momwe kuzikwanitsa. Chachitatu, lolimbikitsa anthu ntchito malangizo anapatsidwa. Lachinayi mgwirizano pakati pa akuluakulu a boma ndi anthu, kuthandiza mgwirizano mu boma.

Tikumbukenso kuti ziyembekezo anthu a mtsogoleri ayenera wolungama. Ngati ayi ndipo sangathe kufotokoza chifukwa chake, posakhalitsa anakumana osati kukhulupirirana komanso maganizo osagwirizana ya oponya voti. Kumbukirani mimbulu sangalala "Akela aziphonya?"

likulu andale

Mmodzi mwa makhalidwe ofunika kwambiri khalidwe la mtsogoleri wa onse ndi likulu lake ndale. Zimatanthauza athandizapo mu dera anthu, monga udindo, udindo anatengedwa ndi chigamulo otchuka, wolungamitsidwa Zoneneratu Mwachidule, chilichonse chimene ndikhoza kutsimikizira luso lake akatswiri ndi malonda. likulu Izi anapeza kwa nthawi yaitali, koma kuiwononga mu kakafupi nthawi chifukwa machenjerero molakwa osankhidwa kapena kusankha zolakwika. Mafanizo oterewa otchedwa mtembo ndale. Choncho, ambiri mwa atsogoleri a zipani kuti unachokera mu 90s ndi chotchuka kwambiri mu nthawi yake, pa mphindi alibe kulemera ndale kapena kutchuka. Iwo, ngakhale kuti onse kuti alowe mu chisankho Duma kutaya chisankho. Choncho, aliyense wandale ayenera kudziwa udindo ndi zotsatira za aliyense malonjezo ake ndi njira.

Njira utsogoleri

Ambiri amene kuwerenga nkhaniyi, funso angakhalepo: "Kodi kukhala mtsogoleri?" Pa nkhani imeneyi, n'koyenera kuti tinene ndi aphorism wotchuka - musakhale atsogoleri, atsogoleri amabadwa. N'chifukwa chiyani mwachangu? Ambiri mwa ofufuza za nkhani imeneyi kuti makhalidwe titadziwa kuimba kwambiri pa chitukuko cha makhalidwe amene akufunika kuti ntchito udindo wa woyang'anira, kumabweretsa magulu chikhalidwe.

Choyamba, mtsogoleri tsogolo la wolemekezeka yogwira udindo ndi digiri yapamwamba ya asamangochita zimene akufuna. Kachiwiri, ndi zinachitikira kwambiri za zinthu zosangalatsa mu magulu osiyanasiyana, luso la ntchito pagulu misinkhu yosiyanasiyana. Kumene, inu simungathe kupita kulikonse ndi ku maphunziro. M'mayiko Western, pali sukulu wapadera, amene m'tsogolo kanjedza onse ndi akuluakulu a boma. Pomaliza, tikuona kuti woyang'anira aliyense monga mtsogoleri mu malo oyamba kwambiri ndi ntchito molimbika ndipo umachititsa udindo waukulu kwa atumiki ake.