Ndi mkangano mu zamoyo zimene: tanthauzo, kapangidwe ndi ntchito

The spores wa zamoyo - maselo chodabwitsa. Padziko Lapansi, akhale mu zikhalidwe za kutentha otsika kapena mkulu, kuthamanga ndi cheza nyukiliya. Inatsimikizira kuti otsutsa ngakhale mu mlengalenga, kuyenda mu chilengedwe chonse. ndi mkangano Kodi mu zamoyo? ndi chinsinsi cha maselo amenewa ndi chiyani?

Mkangano: tanthauzo mu zamoyo

Tamasulira kuchokera ku mawu achigiriki otanthauza "mbewu." Koma pamaso pa maselo amenewa silili zomera. Kodi mkangano? Mu zamoyo, pali mfundo momveka bwino: ndi maselo a asexual kubalana. Ndi thandizo lawo, ndondomeko kubalana imagwiridwa mabakiteriya ziwawazo - zamoyo tating'ono popanda pachimake.

Bowa komanso amatha sporulation. Aliyense waona mmene mkate, ndiwo nthawi yaitali mu thumba pulasitiki akuyamba yokutidwa ndi pachimake zoyera - izo chinayamba amatha kuumba. M'kupita kwa nthawi, zolengeza ayamba kukhala imvi kapena zobiriwira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti bowa ndi wapanga spores n'kuyamba kuchulukana. Nachi chitsanzo china. Mu yonyowa pokonza chipinda amatha kuumba zambiri pa makoma, amene ayamba "duwa". Tayani nkhungu ndi zovuta, chifukwa bowa amatha kugawa spores pa mtunda wa mamita angapo.

kapangidwe

Choncho tinaganiza, kodi ndi ndani. Mu zamoyo, mabungwe zonse zamoyo ankachitira mu nkhani za ubale wa kapangidwe ndi ntchito. asexual maselo kubalana kubwera mu akalumikidzidwa osiyana: elliptical, chowulungika, kuzungulira. Popeza kuti iwo ndi kugonjetsedwa zosiyanasiyana zifukwa za chilengedwe, pamwamba pa chipangizo zoti m'njira yapadera. Amakhala ndi zipolopolo ziwiri, umene unali pakati pawo ladzala ndi mapuloteni mankhwala zovuta ndi chakudya. Kulimbikitsa chitetezo zotsatira makina ena kutsutsana pamwamba pake ndi maphunziro apadera, ndipo amatchedwa "nthiti".

Internal zili foni ya asexual kubalana ukufanizidwa cytoplasm - mkati semiliquid sing'anga. Iwo anakonza khromozomu ndi mapuloteni kaphatikizidwe zida.

zomera mikangano

Ndi maselo amenewa, ambiri chomera zamoyo amatha kubereka.

N'ngopatsirana zomera - ndi chipangizo kwa kubalana zomera choyamba komanso chofunika choyambirira. Izi kwenikweni algae. Mwachitsanzo, limodzi tating'ono mitundu zoospores chlamydomonas - maselo motile. Motero, njira imodzi makamaka angapo zofanana zamoyo.

The osamuka oyamba dziko, zomera apamwamba spore, komanso amatha sporulation. Ndere, kalabu ndere, horsetails ndi Mumapezekanso kupanga ziwalo wapadera wa asexual kubalana - sporangia. Iwo ali maselo asexual kubalana. Zomera kuti matupi amenewa, otchedwa sporophytes. Pa mossy phazi sporangia anapatsidwa bokosi. Akakhwima, kapisozi ndi kuwuluridwa, maselo kugwera mu nthaka. Pamaso pa madzi, iwo kumera mu m'badwo kugonana - gametophyte, amene akuimira mu Moss wobiriwira leafy "pamphasa". yosiyana ndi choncho anthu ena a spore zobala mbewu amene anazolowera kuona ngati gametophyte ndi - wobiriwira zomera. Mu zomera pali ndondomeko ya kusinthana kwa mibadwo kugonana ndi asexual.

spores bakiteriya

Bakiteriya spores - si cell amene chamoyo kuchulukana. M'mikhalidwe chowawa mabakiteriya kuteteza osati kufa. Likukhalira ku pachinthu chimene kuchuluka kwa chinyezi yafupika kwambiri, iwo amachepetsa mphamvu mlingo njira zonse za moyo. Pamene zinthu zikusintha bwino, mkangano kukonza khungu, zimachokera ku mabakiteriya yotheka mwamtheradi. Munthu akhoza kuganiza kuti sporulation mabakiteriya si njira kubalana, ndipo n'zotheka kuti apulumuke.

Kodi pachinthu zamoyo akhala kudziwika. Popeza zamoyo choyamba moyo ndi ndondomeko kuswana zinachitika mothandizidwa ndi maselo amenewa. Kumene, mikangano chiyani sapereka recombination zakuthupi chibadwa, chifukwa mu zikamera wa zatsopano zothandiza sangathe. Komabe, chidole chenicheni cha thupi ndi kuteteza katundu onse mikangano sitingakumane.