NIS - ndi ... NIS Mayiko

Amene dziko wa NIS: Canada, Sweden, Thailand kapena Kazakhstan? Kuti tiyankhe funso limeneli, muyenera kumvetsa peculiarities wa kutukula gulu la mayiko. Koma izi inu ndi kukuthandizani uthenga nkhani yathu.

NIS - izo ...

NIS ndi chiyani? Ndipo momwe kumvetsa chidule izi?

NIS - otchedwa watsopano mayiko olemera. Oyambirira (English), izo zikumveka ngati: kumene olemera dziko, kapena chidule monga NIC. Mwa njira, nthawi zambiri mu Russian angapezeke mu mawonekedwe a kuchepetsa mu NEC.

NIS - gulu la limati zosiyana mbali wamba chitukuko ndi zachuma. Main Mbali zimagwirizana pamodzi - ndi mofulumira kukula chuma komwe kwachitika (kapena zikuchitika) m'kanthawi timeframe.

Pakuti NIS zikuphatikizapo mayiko kuti zili m'mayiko osiyanasiyana a Dziko Lapansi. Amene? Tikambirana zina.

Mbali yaikulu ya mayiko NIS

Pakati mbali chifungulo cha magulu NIS wa mayiko akhoza kuwasiyanitsa:

• mkulu ndi kuchulukana kwa chuma;
• kusintha wochitachita mu macroeconomics;
• kusintha kandalama chuma;
• kukula katswiri wa ntchito;
• nawo mwakhama malonda;
• lonse kukopa likulu ena ndi ndalama;
• mkulu enieni kulemera kwa mafakitale processing mu GDP (pa 20%).

The ofufuza ndi chuma monga State kwa NIS gulu magawo angapo zofunika (akalozera). Ali:

• kukula kwa GDP (pa munthu);
• mitengo kukula (pafupifupi);
• gawo la kupanga mu GDP;
• okwana zogulitsa kunja kwa katundu;
• buku la ndalama zakunja mwachindunji.

M'mayiko NIS (mndandanda)

NIS limati mu gulu osiyana m'mayiko osauka. Zimenezi zinayamba padziko pakati pa 1960. Lero kuti NIS monga ku Asia, America ndi Africa. Mapangidwe gulu la mayiko akhoza kugawidwa mu magawo anayi (kapena mafunde).

Choncho, mayiko onse NIS (mndandanda):

• yoweyula loyamba: otchedwa "East Asia akambuku" (Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong ndipo Korea South) komanso mayiko atatu American - Brazil, Argentina ndi Mexico;
• yoweyula chachiwiri: India, Malaysia, Thailand;
• yoweyula lachitatu zikuphatikizapo Cyprus, Indonesia, Turkey, ndi Tunisia;
• yoweyula chachinayi: China ndi Philippines.

Pansi pa mapu amasonyeza malo m'mayiko onse padziko lapansili.

Choncho, NIS gulu lero monga 16 limati osiyana. Kumapeto kwa zaka mazana makumi awiri, geographers ndi chuma akhoza bwinobwino kuti Lapansi kupangidwa, zigawo lonse ndi kukula khola ndipo mofulumira zachuma.

NIS: mbiri zosiyanasiyana chitukuko

Chifukwa, chikoka cha zinthu zina mu mayiko olemera mu zaka 60 za zaka mazana makumi awiri (monga US, Japan ndi Germany) yopanga katundu wina anasiya kukhala kopindulitsa. Tikuyankhula zokhudza zovala, zida zamagetsi ndi mankhwala. Pomaliza pake anasamukira kupanga m'mayiko, zomwe sanathe "kudzitama" za ntchito wotchipa ndi zotchipa dziko.

Anthu ambiri ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana mabungwe anayamba kuika kupanga maofesi awo pano. Ndipo anthu limanena kuti poyamba anatha kulenga nyengo yabwino kwa ndalama zakunja ndi adakhoza bwino chuma. Ilo linali dziko loyamba gawo NIEs form: Korea South, Singapore, Taiwan, ndi ena.

M'pake kuti ndi kupita kwa nthaŵi, mayiko kumene olemera m'badwo woyamba anayamba kutaya ubwino wake zoonekeratu poyerekeza ndi mayiko ena amene akutukuka kumene. Tsopano iwo n'kuyamba gawo la kupanga awo (makamaka amagwira tima) m'dziko lotsatira. Iwo: Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia. Izo zachitika kale mu 80s. Kenako mu njira izi anakopeka Philippines, Vietnam, Sri Lanka ndi ena.

Choncho, "liwiro mafakitale" zimawonedwa m'mbiri ya mapangidwe a NIS. Kukulitsa luso, dziko lililonse la maiko NIS kenako anagwetsa sitepe pansi pa chitukuko cha mafakitale States m'badwo wotsatira.

NIS: chitsanzo cha vuto la zachuma

Pakati pa mayiko kumene olemera pali zitsanzo zingapo zofunika za vuto la zachuma. Ali:

• chitsanzo Asian;
• Latin American chitsanzo.

Woyamba amakhala gawo laling'ono la umwini boma chuma. Koma chikoka cha boma pa chuma cha m'mayiko amenewa adakali mkulu. Mu mayiko a gawo Asian NIEs pali "mpatuko wa kukhulupirika" kuti "awo" magulu. Chuma dziko m'mayiko amenewa kukhala, limafotokoza kwambiri pa msika kunja.

Chitsanzo chachiwiri, Latin American, ndi khalidwe la mayiko South America komanso Mexico. Apa, Mosiyana, momveka pali chizolowezi cha chitukuko cha chuma dziko ndi kuganizira inatha M'MALO.

"Tigers East Asia" - woyamba pakati NIS

Iwo amatchedwa mosiyana: "East Asia Tigers", "ang'ono zimbalangondo Asian", "anayi Asian akambuku". Zonsezi - dzina mwamwayi wa gulu la maiko chomwecho. Tikuyankhula zokhudza Korea South, Singapore, Taiwan ndi Hong Kong. Onse anachita ziwawa kwambiri kutukula wachitatu watha zaka mazana makumi awiri.

Cha m'ma 1950s, Korea South kuti zizindikiro zonse ndi pakati pa mayiko ambiri m'mbuyo mu dziko. Mkati yochepa zaka 30 iye anali wokhoza kuti tumphatumpha chachikulu ndi umphawi mpaka kufika kwambiri. GDP pa munthu wa anthu nthawi imeneyi chinawonjezeka nthawi 385! Modern Korea South - ndi malo wofunika kwambiri mafakitale shipbuilding ndi magalimoto ku Asia.

Komabe, mitengo apamwamba kukula chuma zinayi kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma chatha anali wolemekezeka ndi Singapore (14% pa chaka). dziko kakang'ono aka ndi chimodzi mwa waukulu malo mafuta kuyenga dziko. Komanso, mwachangu osauka Singapore ndi mafakitale kudziwa ofotokoza. Angapo kuno komanso akunja alendo (opitirira mamiliyoni 8 pa chaka).

Other NIS mayiko - Hong Kong, ndipo Taiwan - zina wamkulu kapena wamng'ono amadalira boma Chinese. Zofunika kwa chuma m'mayiko onse ndi zokopa alendo. Taiwan - izo ndi malo aakulu a sayansi atsopano ndi mphamvu za nyukiliya ku Asia. Ndipo dziko chiri ndi malo oyamba mu dziko kwa kupanga ma yatchi zikawonongeka!

pomaliza

Nditawerenga nkhani imeneyi, mudzatha molondola muyankhe funso ili: "Kodi mwa dziko limabweretsa NIS" Mu gulu ili tsopano osachepera 16 limati, zomwe zili mu Asia, America ndi Africa.

NIS - gulu la mayiko amene ali zingapo zochititsa wapadera. Izi koposa zonse, ndi kofulumiraku bwino chuma, ndi amaposa wa zotsimikizira mu dongosolo la GDP, kutenga nawo mbali Gulu lonse la ntchito, komanso kukopeka lonse la ndalama zakunja mu chitukuko cha chuma chake.