"Akambuku Asian" - dzina mwamwayi wa chuma Korea South, Singapore, Hong Kong ndipo Taiwan

Kambuku - ndi nyama zazikulu za banja mphaka. Kwa adani dziko othandiza kukula yokha woyera ndi zofiirira chimbalangondo. Akhudzana ndi mphamvu, liwiro mphamvu.

Mwa otsalira zinyama subspecies asanu a nyama zimenezi si chotero, chomwe tinganene kuti ndi "Asian nyalugwe". Ngakhale Amur ndi Bengal, Indochinese ndi Malayan, Sumatran ndi Chinese, mfundo lalikulu amphaka Asian.

dzina labwino

Zomwe makamaka mtundu wa chodabwitsa kapena wamba akuti ntchito ndipo ambiri, zimene amatchedwa "Asian akambuku"? Zikuonekeratu kuti zinthu zina mu Asiya. "Tigers" - dziko lino. Chuma cha mayiko anayi - Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan ndi Korea South - zapita patsogolo kwambiri mu chitukuko mu nyengo ya ku 60s ku 90s Mu zaka zapitazo, kuti dziko lililonse la maiko awa alandira mu TV padziko lonse zosavomerezeka dzina - ndi "Asian akambuku" . Koma iwo amatchedwa "East Asia Tigers", kapena "anayi yaing'ono zimbalangondo Asian".

Ndipo tikayerekezera kukula chuma ndi Tigers kotero munakhala kuti pali anali "anayi latsopano Asian nyalugwe" - Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, ndi Malaysia, omwe bwinobwino kwambiri anayamba zisakuyenda bwino. "Acelt Amabereka" Ireland zinaperekedwa chuma kukula, "Balkan" - Serbia, "Tatra" - mu Slovakia, "Latino" - Chile. Panali ngakhale mawu akuti "Baltic nyalugwe", koma wasowa.

Chuma chachikulu

Lodziwika bwino "Asian Tigers" (yoweyula woyamba wa mayiko) ndi ofanana m'njira zambiri mu ndondomeko yawo ya zachuma. Choyamba, akuluakulu a boma atsogoleri kwambiri. Chifukwa tanthauzo njira zawo wamba anzeru malinga ndi madera, mbiri ndi mfundo yachilendo ya dziko asankhidwa kale. Kachiwiri, onse "Asian Tigers" (dziko la Singapore, Taiwan, Korea South ndi Hong Kong) mosatsata mchere. Koma izo zinachitika mbiri kuti lipenga khadi yaikulu, omwe analola kuti apange adzatumpha kuposa chuma, anali ndi akadali kukhala linapanga kwa zaka miyambo Confucius analeredwa ndi mtima ntchito yambiri pa minda mpunga ndi ogwira ntchito wotchipa ndi amazipanga kulangidwa. zodabwitsazi amatchedwa "Far East khalidwe," mbali yaikulu ya ndizo khama, kumvera, wodabwitsa mpatuko maphunziro ndi patsogolo chikhalidwe, palibe kufunika wamng'ono anali ndi cholinga pa zinthu m'banja.

Chinthu chapadera mfundo yachilendo

Dziko, a "Asian akambuku" yoweyula woyamba, anali ndi zinthu zochepa mu wamba. Akuluakulu ali authoritarian ankhanza, ndipo boma amathandizira mwachangu chuma Komabe, bizinesi ku Hong Kong ukuyandikira ku ganizoli owolowa manja. Tikumbukenso kuti "chozizwitsa zachuma" zimathandiza mwakhama kwambiri, aliuma, zigawenga odana Soviet malamulo a m'mayiko amenewa. Kenakake, amapatsidwa West mwatsatanetsatane chithandizo ndi sayansi.

Features wa chuma Taiwan

Awa anali mbali wamba chibadidwe mu States, linkadziwika kuti "Asian Tigers." Mayiko, amene tatchula, anali, ndithudi, kusiyana kwambiri pa chitukuko. Mwachitsanzo, Taiwan yapanga ndalama pa patsogolo chitukuko cha malonda ang'ono ndi sing'anga-kakulidwe, amene katundu ndi chizindikiro "Anapanga mu Taiwan" ndi chidwi dziko. M'njira Hrs - ndi zilumba za ku Pacific Ocean, yomwe ili makilomita 150 kuchokera kum'mawa kwa China. Zachuma ndi ndale - boma anafa anazindikira - Republic of China. Amatanthauza mwa dzina la "akambuku yaing'ono Asian" (Taiwan).

Atate kukhazikitsidwa

Choona chidwi n'chakuti mtsogoleri bwino Taiwan osankhidwa mawu awiri - Tszyan Tszingo, ndi limene panali yojambula zachuma, munthu koposa chidwi. Mwana wa Chan Kayshi, anali azikaphunzira mu Moscow, anali ndi mlongo wake wamkulu Anna V. I. Lenina Ilinichny mlongo Anna, ndipo ngakhale anatenga dzina lake - Elizarov. Tszyan Tszingo anali wapampando wa munda gulu pafupi Moscow, ndipo ankagwira ntchito pa "Uralmash", kuti samaletsa iye kubwerera kwawo ndipo akutsogolera boma la Taiwan mwankhanza kuletsa ntchito ovomereza. Pachaka kukula GDP pa 60-90-ntchentche pamene anali 6.7%.

Kuthamangitsa mphamvu ya chuma Taiwan

Tisadalire wotchipa ntchito, makampani ambiri Western asamukira mabizinesi awo kumayiko ikhale "Tigers Asian." Taiwan anali mmodzi wa iwo. Engine ya chuma kwa zaka pafupifupi 40 wakhala malonda yachilendo, 98% amene anali katundu mafakitale. dziko ameneyu wasonyeza zikulumikizana malonda ndi 60 limati. Taiwan alibe mphamvu zokwanira Tumizani kuti 98%. Tsopano pali 3 anamanga mphamvu za nyukiliya zomera zimene zimapereka oposa 20% ya mowa dziko, ndi kuyika dziko pamalo 15 mwa mamembala States mphamvu nyukiliya. Osati zonse anapita bwino pa njira ya chitukuko zolimira.

zaka chonde

Mu zaka 50 US wapereka chilumba mtundu wamphamvu thandizo la ndalama (30% ya ndalama zonse mu dziko). Choyamba, boma linavomereza lamulo inatha M'MALO, amene anapereka kutsogolera amphamvu chitukuko cha gawo mafakitale. Kenaka atatha machulukitsidwe zoweta msika, chuma anayamba cha kukula kwa zogulitsa kunja.

Akuwuka m'dziko la mabacteria katundu-mafakitale (woyamba - Kaohsiung) chinachititsa kuti kusintha kwa kuthekera kwa sayansi ndi luso.

Ndipo anaima mavutowo

Mumbadwo uno anabadwa ndi kukhwima amazipanga "Asian nyalugwe" Taiwan. Dziko anapulumuka lalikulu zaka 70 pamene iye anali m'gulu la United Nations ndipo anali kwayekha mayiko, ndi US kwathunthu utakhazikika. Komabe, boma yakhazikitsa ntchito 10 m'munda wa makampani, kuyenda ndi mphamvu za nyukiliya, omwe amaloledwa kukhala makampani lolemera. Ngakhale mavuto Asian cha 1997, pang'ono kukhudzidwa mu Taiwan. Chizindikiro cha chozizwitsa chuma dziko lino ndi inawomba nyumba yaitali "Taipei 101", dziko lachiwiri yaitali nyumbayi.

Singapore - diamondi Asian

Inayi dziko - Singapore - "Asian nyalugwe". Akukhulupirira kuti kubwereza "chozizwitsa zachuma" mtundu chilumba (63 zilumba), palibe amene adzatha zaka 50. Atate wa "chozizwitsa" imatengedwa kukhala posachedwapa wakufayo Lee Kuan Yew Makamaka chifukwa malamulo ake ndi dziko yomwe alibe ngakhale madzi akumwa omwe, lero ndilo dziko ndi bwino machitidwe maphunziro, misonkho ndi thanzi. Izi boma la mabanki, nyumba zosanja zitalizitali kuposa kale lonse komanso zazikulu misewu. Chimodzi mwa zinthu loyamba wazamalamulo wanzeru anakhala oopsa nkhondo yolimbana ndi ziphuphu, ngakhale kuti ndi chizindikiro cha moyo Asian. Pankhondoyi iye anapambana. Kuyambira pachiyambi, boma anayamba kusintha khalidwe la moyo, chimodzi cha zolinga zikuluzikulu umenewu chinali choti aliyense Singaporean nyumba mwini. tate wa fuko la anamwalira m'chaka cha 2015, iye kwathunthu analamulira dziko kwa zaka zoposa 30. Naye tiwonana kwa sabata, anthu oyamikira kumbuyo pamzera 8 maola.

Membala wa Big twente

Bwererani ku "akambuku Asian" ali Korea South ndi Hong Kong. Atate Converter woyamba wa mayiko amenewa ndi Pak Chon Hi, amene anayamba kulamulira mu 1961 ku chiwembu asilikali. The peculiarity wa adzatumpha chuma Korea South Cholinga koyamba pa chilengedwe cha lalikulu wambiri Mipikisano banja "chebol". Ndi buku la malamulo chisanadze nkhondo ya ufumu wa Japan. boma intrudes osati mu bizinesi - anali pansi pa ulamuliro.

Pak Chon Hi handpicked makampani akuluakulu m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana yapanga ndalama pa iwo, kuwathandiza sikunachitekepo thandizo la boma, lomwe mwaluso anakopeka ndalama yaikulu yachilendo. Chuma cha m'dzikoli - mmodzi wa waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse. Chosadzikonda General wakhala nthano. Womenya yolimbana ndi ziphuphu, adafunsira ku utsogoleri "chebol" kumvera kwenikweni ndi N'ZOSACHITA kufunsa kuti zofuna za boma. Ndipo izi wambiri banja akhala zopangidwa otchuka monga Samsung, LG, Daewoo, Hyundai, KIA ndi zina. Pamene munakonza G20 mu 1999, Korea South anagwirizana uko ndi kulondola.

Chodabwitsa Hong Kong a

Wachinayi "ang'ono Asian akambuku" ndi Hong Kong, amene kuyambira 1997 ndi gawo la China, koma pa nthawi yomweyo amakhala linafalitsidwa kwambiri zotheka kudziyimira pawokha. Iye ndi mzinda wolemera China.

Mphamvu ya adzatumpha ake zachuma galimoto ndi ntchito nyengo, zimene analenga bizinesi. Pofuna kukopa kwa dziko mochuluka monga ndalama zotheka, mavuto onse m'njira ya sayansi ndi likulu anawonongedwa mu Hong Kong. Kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha akuluakulu onse achinyengo, mlingo msonkho watsikira, anawononga bureaucracy kwambiri. Ndipo ndalama anazitsanulira mwa mzindawo, ndipo m'nyumba padziko lonse lapansi chiwerengero cha maofesi, chifukwa mu kusanja mayiko ndi index apamwamba ufulu chuma Hong Kong pachikhalidwe choyamba. Kodi ndende yaikulu ya biliyoni - 3 pa anthu 1 miliyoni. Chithunzi ndi yayikulu kwambiri mdziko. Mu mzinda uwu chirichonse mu manja payekha ndi maulamuliro ndi kanthu kochita ndi nkhani za malonda. Si mayiko onse m'chigawo - ". Asian Tigers" Japan ndi China simuli iwo, koma iwo pamodzi ndi "ankhandwe zazing'ono" ndi Asia ndi olemera kumayiko osati.