Nthenda kuti amachiza? Pamene kuwona dokotala, matenda opatsirana?

matenda opatsirana ndi ndani? Dokotala ameneyu anapezeka kuzindikira ndiponso kuchiza matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mavairasi, mabakiteriya, nkhungu, ndi zina zotero. Kuchokera ku mawu Latin "matendawa" likumasuliridwa kuti "kupatsira".

chivomerezo Kodi

Amene amachitira matenda matenda opatsirana? Madokotala a zapaderazi izi zikugwira matenda amene angapeze chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti kulowa m'thupi la munthu. Komanso ntchito akatswiri kuphunzira chikhalidwe cha matenda, matenda awo, kupewa ndi kulamulira pakutchulidwa matenda.

Nthenda akatswiri ntchito mwachindunji m'minda ya tizilombo tosaoneka ndi maso ndi EPIDEMIOLOGY. Matenda ambiri amayamba chifukwa chakuti ya ingestion tizilombo zoipa. Mwachitsanzo, matenda enaake ophwanya m'thupi Zikuoneka chifukwa kukhalapo kwa streptococci, ndi m'mimba chilonda - chifukwa Helicobacter pylori, etc.

Nthenda dokotala amene ndimachiza? Limachita mwachindunji ndi matenda amene angathe kuchoka amapatsirana. matenda awa monga matenda yosavuta yapakati-nyengo monga SARS, fuluwenza, etc., komanso kubwera mkati purview ya zoopsa kwambiri - mliri, kolera, AIDS ndi ena.

Monga matenda opatsirana

Pali mitundu ingapo ya matenda amenewa. Iwo agawidwa m'magulu malinga ndi mfundo za HIV:

1. matumbo matenda - matenda tikalowa m'thupi ndi kudya zipatso chosokonekera ndi masamba. Kukhazikitsidwa osasamba manja chakudya zingatithandizenso matenda matumbo.

2. Airways matenda - matenda imafalikira ndi m'malovu airborne.

3. Matenda a magazi. Iwo agawidwa mu mitundu iwiri. Transmissible - kulowa m'thupi ndi kuluma tizilombo zosiyanasiyana (nthata, utitiri, udzudzu, etc.) si transmissible - kudzera mwa magazi kapena jekeseni kudzera masingano zauve.

4. Matenda a chivundikirocho lakunja - pamene matenda amapezeka ndi anthu wodwala, kudzera pakhungu kapena nembanemba mucous.

Ngati matenda kokha opatsirana amapatsirana, matenda imatchedwa anthroponotic ngati nyama kwa anthu - zoonotic. Apa ndi ofunika powasamalira mfundo imodzi chidwi: mankhwala, pali milandu kumene anthu kukhala AIDS, n'kudziwa ali ndi njira transmissible, ndiyo HIV chonyamulira kuluma udzudzu, ndiye kuti amakhala ndi munthu wathanzi ndipo anam'patsa HIV. Mwina wa matenda mu njira iyi ndi wofanana 1/10000 ndipo zimachitikadi makamaka m'madera AIDS ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, anthu atatu akudwala mayiko ena African ku matenda.

contagium

amachitira Infektsionist matenda onse ndi zimenezi, umene ndi chifukwa malowedwe mu thupi la tizilombo, bowa, prions, mabakiteriya, etc. Momwe gulu lililonse amayambitsa matenda ena:

• mavairasi - fuluwenza, chikuku, HIV, matenda oumitsa khosi, matenda a chiwindi, etc.
• bowa - takuphazi, mucormycosis, candidiasis, aspergillosis, cryptococcosis, ndi ena;
• Prions - opatsirana particles tosaoneka ndi maso, zokhudza ubongo. Amasiyana tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ena kuti zigwirizana mapuloteni chimodzi chokha. Kuyambitsa matenda, zikubweretsa maganizo (banja tulo, kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob matenda, Scheinker syndrome);
• mabakiteriya - kolera, mliri, salmonellosis, kamwazi ndi zina.

Ana matenda opatsirana

Ana mitundu matenda ena ambiri, ndipo ena a iwo ngakhale afufuza monga yosowa kwambiri. Koma pali mndandanda wa matenda aakulu amakhala makanda kudwala. Nthenda katswiri amene achitira ana?

Chikuku ndi imodzi mwa matenda ambiri opatsirana, ndipo onse ana atengeke kwa zaka zitatu. Mu m'badwo kale, iye ali osowa kwambiri. Chikuku imafalikira ndi m'malovu airborne, nthawi zambiri kachilombo mu mkaka. Nthawi makulitsidwe matendawa kwa masiku 10 mpaka 17. Nthawi zina kwambiri kuti ukhoza kwa masiku 21, ngati pa nthawi imeneyo mwana kumwa mankhwala ozizira kuti akhoza Letsani kwa chitukuko pamene chikuku.

chiwopsezo Ana chikuku pang'ono m'munsi. Nawonso kuchokera wodwalayo munthu wathanzi. chikuku TV ndi owopsa okha mu masiku oyambirira a matenda, ndiye wobwezera si opatsirana matenda. Nthawi makulitsidwe - masiku 15 kapena 24.

Nthenda kuti amachiza? Mumps, kapena - "nkhumba", m'gulu mndandanda wa matenda nkhawa dokotalayu. matenda Izi ndi zochepa opatsirana kuposa chikuku ndi chikuku. Imafalikira ndi m'malovu airborne, n'zosavuta mukuyigwira, ngati munthu wathanzi ndi m'chipinda chimodzi ndi wodwala. Nthawi makulitsidwe - kuchokera masiku 11 mpaka 21, nthawi zina masiku 26.

fever amayamba ndi streptococcus. Imafalikira ndi matenda droplet, komanso akhoza kudzera zidole ndi zinthu zina (mwachitsanzo, matawulo). The makulitsidwe nyengo kwa masiku 2 ndi 7, nthawi zina amatenga masiku 12.

Diphtheria kumachitika chifukwa Bacillus toxigenic, kutulutsa poizoni mphamvu (exotoxin). Kodi inasamutsidwa kuchoka chonyamulira kuti munthu wathanzi. Nthawi makulitsidwe kwa masiku 2 10.

Nthenda kuti akadali amachitira? Poliyo - mwachilungamo matenda osowa, matenda akhoza kuchepetsa kudzera inoculations zonse zodzitetezera. Odwala mwana angalankhule ndi HIV chonyamulira. Komanso poliyo kudzera zipatso mosasamba, masamba ndi m'malovu airborne. Nthawi makulitsidwe a masiku 5 mpaka 35, koma nthawi zambiri palibe masiku oposa 12.

Katsabola - ndi opepuka mtundu wa nthomba, umene potsiriza anagonjetsedwa ndi madokotala Soviet m'zaka za m'ma XX. Apo ayi matenda uyu akutchedwa katsabola. Iwo imafalira kudzera mu mpweya ndipo si owopsa kwambiri, zimatenga sabata. Chiwopsezo kuti katsabola ana ndi mkulu. Nthawi makulitsidwe a masiku 11 mpaka 21, koma ambiri 14 masiku.

Matenda pa mimba

Nthenda dokotala amene ndimachiza? Iye amachita ndi matenda imagwira amayi apakati. Aliyense matenda ndi ngozi yaikulu kwa mwana wosabadwayo. Nthawi zina za iwo amadalira mwachindunji chitetezo cha mkazi, komanso chofunika kwambiri zinthu amoyo ndi kukhalapo kwa maganizo.

Nthenda katswiri amene amachitira mimba? The matenda owopsa amaonedwa kukhala chikuku, katsabola, matenda cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis, chlamydia, nsungu, mycoplasmosis, ureaplasmosis, chindoko, matenda a chiwindi B ndi C, HIV.

Chithandizo cha matenda opatsirana

Chithandizo chikuchitika mu chipatala mwapadera. Nthawi wofatsa, mwina kunyumba mankhwala. Kuvomerezedwa chofunika - mosamalitsa ndondomeko odana ndi mliri boma.

Nthenda kuti amachiza? Iwo ukugwira matenda opatsirana kwa munthu wina ndi mzake. nthawi A pamene matenda ambiri opatsirana akhala pafupifupi sachiranso, ali kale. Tsopano madokotala anayamba mitundu yambiri ya katemera njira, monga pali ambiri mankhwala ogwira. Mndandanda atsopano zikuphatikizapo mankhwala immunoglobulin ndi mankhwala ena.

matenda nsungu

Herpes HIV angathe osati anagunda nembanemba mucous ndi khungu, komanso kusokoneza dongosolo chapakati mantha, ziwalo ndi maso. Ambiri imafalikira ndi m'malovu airborne. Ngati nsungu maliseche, ndiye iwo ali ndi matenda kudzera mu kugonana.

The nsungu banja zikuphatikizapo matenda otsatirawa: katsabola, cytomegalovirus, ndi nsungu zoster. Utatha thupi, nsungu amakhalabe moyo. Nthawi zambiri "tulo" kwa boma. Koma mchikakamizo cha zifukwa zingapo angagwe. Nthawi zambiri, nsungu zimakhudza khungu ndipo zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana mucous, koma zingakhudze ubongo, zopangitsa adrenal, chiwindi, m'mapapo ndi ndulu.

matenda opatsirana akuchiritsa mitundu yonse ya nsungu. matenda Ichi ndi choopsa kwambiri kwa amayi oyembekezera chifukwa akhoza kuvulaza mwana wosabadwayo. Herpes kumathandiza kuti khansa khomo lachiberekero.

nsungu chithandizo

Nthenda kuti amachiza? nsungu mu njira wamba a matenda amaliona ndi zodzola kuti chagwiritsidwa totupa lapansi. yotsirizira aphimbidwa ndi kutumphuka youma, lomwe kenako kusiyiratu. Ndi zotupa ambiri khungu ndi mankhwala wamba.

Ngati anakantha m'kamwa mucosa, m'pofunika muzimutsuka njira ofooka wa potaziyamu ndi kulandira zakudya madzi. Kukokoloka afewetsedwa novocaine njira.

Nthenda kuti akadali amachitira? Iye chinkhoswe ndi nsungu ocular. Apa likukhudza keretsid anaika mu diso. njira inanso ntchito "anthu leukocyte interferon" ndipo zotsatira zina (laser, cryotherapy, etc.).

Kodi nyongolotsi matenda opatsirana?

Mosakayikira, monga mphutsi yawo kachilombo chamoyo. Mphutsi, pali zoposa 20 mitundu yosiyanasiyana, iwo sikuti moyo mu thupi, komanso chifukwa zosiyanasiyana matenda zina.

Mphutsi kulowa m'thupi kudzera chakudya, madzi kapena fumbi. Okhwima ali mwachindunji mkati. Nthawi zina mphutsi akhoza kuyambitsa imfa ngati kugwa mu ubongo. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha matenda ndi nyama odwala kapena bwino kukonzedwa nsomba. Chododometsa: mphutsi ndi kuchoka munthu osati nyama, ndi kwa anthu awa akhoza.

chithandizo chimene chapatsidwa

Pali zingapo vuto lililonse kwa anthu koma kumapha mankhwala tiziromboti. Iwo kuwononga mazira, mphutsi ndi mphutsi okha. Mankhwala zingakhudze kuti mitundu yambiri ya majeremusi.

Kuwononga majeremusi m'thupi yekha osavomerezeka, ndi bwino kukaonana ndi dokotala. matenda opatsirana akuchiritsa mitundu yonse ya mphutsi. Poyamba, dokotala ayenera kuona mtundu wa mphutsi. Izi zachitika potenga kusanthula fecal, ndiyeno kokha awa mankhwala.

Kupewa Matenda opatsirana

Kupewa zofunika, osati zochepa, kuposa kuchiza. Choncho, ndi bwino kuti matenda kuposa kuchiza izo. chidwi ziperekedwe kwa ukhondo ndi ukhondo. Kusamba m'manja ntchito zauve, asanayambe kudya ndipo pambuyo pogwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi. Izi amapulumutsa pa zosiyanasiyana matenda matumbo. Nthawi zina akutumikira monga gwero la handrails mu mabasi ndi magalimoto, ndalama owerengera m'masitolo, etc. Choncho, pa kufika kunyumba, muyenera muzisamba m'manja mulimonse.

Vekitala ulamuliro kungakhale makoswe, mphemvu ndi tizilombo ambiri (makamaka udzudzu ndi nkhupakupa). Pofuna kudziteteza, ayenera kulandira chithandizo ndi mankhwala apadera kumene limodzi osati kufalikira. Pali mabuku ambiri amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito - opopera, fumigators, osakaniza chakupha, etc.