Nyama za nkhalango zosiyana. Zinyama zosiyana zinyama

Nyama zomwe zimakhala m'nkhalango zosakanikirana zimakhala zofanana ndi zonse za m'nkhalango za Russia. Nkhalango, nkhandwe, zimbalangondo komanso nguluwe zimatha kupezeka m'nkhalango zabwino kwambiri. Mapuloteni amadzimva kale osati kuthengo, komanso mumzinda wamba. Pa mitsinje kutali ndi midzi ndipo tsopano nkutheka kuti muone nyumba za beevers. Pali zinyama zoterezi monga zimbalangondo, marten, mmbulu ndi mbidzi. Losi nthawi zambiri amatuluka pamsewu ndi kunja kwa midzi.

Anthu okhala m'nkhalango zosakanikirana

Mu nkhalango yowirira, oimira nyama zakutchire taiga amamva bwino: woyera woyera, gologolo. Mofananamo, mitundu yambiri ya zinyama zamasamba zimakhala: ntchentche, bebu, bulauni .

Elk

Mphepete mwa nyanja ya Ulaya sizitchabechabe chimphona cha nkhalango. Ndi imodzi mwa nyama zazikulu zomwe zimakhala m'madera osiyanasiyana a nkhalango zamtunduwu. Kulemera kwake kulemera kumafikira makilogalamu mazana atatu. Mutu wamwamuna umakongoletsedwa ndi nyanga zazikulu. Ubweya wa nyamayi umakhala wofiira kapena wofiira.

Anthu okhala m'nkhalango zamtunduwu amadya makamaka maluwa a mitengo yaying'ono, amakonda aspen, msondodzi kapena phulusa. M'nyengo yozizira, ntchentche ngati chakudya chachikulu amasankha singano za singano, mosses ndi lichens. Nyama zimenezi ndizosambira kwambiri. Munthu wamkulu akhoza kusambira bwinobwino kwa maola awiri omwe ali ndi liwiro labwino (mpaka 10 km / h). Kutha kwa kasupe ndi kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe - ndi nthawi yomwe elk imabweretsanso. Kawirikawiri, iyi ndi imodzi kapena ana awiri, omwe nthawi yonse ya chilimwe amakhala ndi amayi awo.

Badger

Kawirikawiri masamba amtundu uliwonse amapezeka m'nkhalango zosiyanasiyana. Mu kukula, chinyama ichi chikhoza kufanizidwa ndi galu wamng'ono. Thupi la thupi limakhala la masentimita 90, ndipo kulemera kwake kwa begi ndi pafupifupi makilogalamu 25. Amasaka usiku yekha pa tizilombo, amafukula mizu yowonjezereka ndikuyenda m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Amakonda achule kwambiri. Ng'ombe ndi nyama ya nocturnal, amatha tsiku lake mumthunzi wake.

Burrow's burrow ndi nyumba yokondweretsa kwambiri. Iwo, monga lamulo, ali ndi malo angapo ndi masitepe ambirimbiri ndipo amachoka. Nthawi zina chiwerengero chawo chimakafika 50. Chimake chimatha kufika mamita khumi ndipo chimakhala chakuya mamita asanu. Nkhumba ndi nyama yoyera kwambiri: nthawi zonse amafukula zoipitsa zonse pansi. Iwo amakhala kumadera. Mbalame yachisanu imatha nthawi ya hibernation.

Ogwedezeka wamba

Ng'ombe - nyama zomwe zimakhala m'nkhalango zosakanikirana. Nyama yaying'ono ili ndi maso osawoneka bwino, koma kumva ndikumva kununkhira bwino. Ngati pangakhale ngozi, ziboda zazingwe, kutenga mawonekedwe a mpira. Kenaka palibe nyama iliyonse yomwe imatha kupirira nayo (nyamayi ili ndi singano pafupifupi 5000, kutalika kwake ndi 2 cm).

M'madera a nkhalango zowonjezereka ku Russia, zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri ndizitsulo zazingwe, zomwe singano zake zimakhala ndi imvi ndipo zimakhala zosaoneka bwino.

Monga chakudya chodyetsa chimakonda tizilombo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: maphutsi a pansi, slugs ndi nkhono. Kusaka achule, njoka, kuwononga zisa za mbalame padziko lapansi. Nthaŵi zina amadya zipatso zamtchire.

Malo odyera ambiri amakhala ndi mabowo awiri: chilimwe ndi chisanu. Nthaka yozizira imamupangitsa iye kuti agone, yomwe imatha kuyambira pakati pa autumn mpaka April, ndipo nyengo ya chilimwe ya nyumbayo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pobereka ana. Mabala a nkhumba amabadwa amaliseche, patapita nthawi pang'ono (mkati mwa maola angapo) amawona singano zofewa zoyera, zomwe mkati mwa maora 36 zimasintha mtundu wawo ku mtundu womwewo.

Mole

Zambirimbiri m'nkhalango zosakanikirana. Zinyama zonse zakhungu zimawononga moyo wawo wonse pansi. Amadyetsa makamaka tizilombo, mphutsi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. M'nyengo yozizira ya hibernation moles siigwera, chifukwa ngakhale nthawi ino ya chaka sakhala ndi vuto ndi kusowa kwa chakudya.

Nyama zosakanikirana ndi nkhalango

Hare-hare

Malo okhala ndi nyama izi sizingowonjezereka ku dera lamapiri. Zingapezeke zonse mu tundra komanso mu zitsamba za steppe. M'nyengo yozizira, mtundu wa khungu lake umakhala woyera. Malangizo a makutu okha adakali akuda. Paws yodzala ndi ubweya wambiri. M'nyengo yotentha, nyama zimenezi zimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira.

Kalulu-kalulu amadyetsa udzu, mphukira ndi makungwa a mitengo: msondodzi, birch, aspen, mapulo, thundu ndi hazel. Palibe dzenje losatha la kalulu. Pangozi pang'ono, nyamayi imakonda kuthawa.

Nkhono kawiri pa nthawi ya chilimwe imabweretsa makoswe 6. Achinyamata amakula pambuyo pa chisanu ndi mayi.

Bison

Nyama za nkhalango zosakanikirana za Russia posachedwapa zinadzitamandira ndi nyama yokongola ngati ng'ombe yamphongo. Iwo ankakumana kulikonse kumadera a kumpoto-kumadzulo kwa Russia. Koma, mwatsoka, chiwerengero cha njuchi chinali pafupi kufafanizidwa kwathunthu. Pakalipano, ntchito yaikulu yakhala ikuchitika m'dzikoli kubwezeretsa chiwerengero cha zinyamazi.

Mtsinje Beavers

Nyama ya mitengo yosakanikirana ikuimira nyama yosangalatsa ndi yachilendo ngati mtsinje wa beever. Poyamba, iwo anali pafupifupi kulikonse. Koma chifukwa cha ziphuphu zawo zamtengo wapatali zatsala pang'ono kuwonongedwa.

Beavers amasankha kusankha nyumba zawo zokhazikika m'nkhalango, m'mphepete mwa nyanja zomwe zili ndi mitengo yambiri. Nyama izi zimadyetsa mphukira za mitengo ndi makungwa awo.

Kukhalamo kwa beever kumatchedwa nyumba. Monga zomangamanga, azitsamba zimagwiritsa ntchito nthambi za mtengo. Kukula kwa nyumbayi sikokwanira. Beaver iliyonse imamangirira mwa njira yake, koma imakonzedwa chaka chilichonse.

Zopindulitsa kwambiri ndi madamu, zomwe zinyama izi zimadziwa bwino kukhazikitsa. Beavers amamanga madamu ngati madzi akulowa mumtsinje akugwa kwambiri. Dambo lomaliza likhoza kupirira kulemera kwa munthu wamkulu.

Nguluwe

Nyama yamng'oma ndi chilombo cholimba komanso cholimba. Mosasamala kanthu za kusokonezeka kwina kunja, amasuntha mosavuta ndi mwamsanga pa miyendo yake yamphamvu. Nkhumba zimakhala m'mphaka ang'onoting'ono, omwe ali ndi amuna ndi akazi omwe ali ndi nkhumba. Maso a nkhumba ndi aang'ono, komanso, chirombo ichi ndi cha khungu. Choncho, ziwalo zazikulu za nyama zakutchire zimamva ndi kununkhiza. Izi zikufotokozera bwino zomwe zimachitika ndi nkhumba zomwe zingakhale zoopsa: Amakweza mphuno zake pamwamba, akuwombera komanso amavomereza makutu ake panthawi yomweyo.

Ng'ombe zam'mlengalenga zimakhala ndi nyama zakutchire , chifukwa zimagwira ntchito usiku wonse. Maola owala a nyama zakutchire amathera kumalo ovuta kufika. Maboti ali mwamtheradi omnivorous.

Koma nkhalango zosakanizika sizikhala ndi zinyama zokha, koma ndi ziweto zakutchire: zimbalangondo, mimbulu, nkhandwe ndi martens.

Mimbulu

Zilombo zoopsa kwambiri m'nkhalango zosakaniza ndizo mimbulu. Iwo nthawizonse amabweretsa mavuto ambiri, komabe kuitana kwa kuthetsa kwathunthu kwa chiwerengero cha nyamayi sikulakwa. Mmbulu ndi nyama yowonongeka, koma imawononga kwambiri matenda kapena kufooketsa nyama. Izi zimathandiza kuti zinyama zomwe zimakhala m'deralo zizikhala bwino. M'madera omwe chiwerengero cha zinyamazi ndizochepa, palibe chilichonse chovulaza nyama.

Forest marten

Kunitsa ndi chiwonetsero china chodziwika bwino cha nyama zolusa zomwe zimakhala m'nkhalango zosakanikirana. Nyama izi zimakonza m'mitengo ya mitengo, posankha malo okwezeka kwambiri. Kutsogolera moyo wausiku, marten nthawi zambiri imadzutsa agologolo zisa. Gologolo akugwira ntchito masana, koma usiku amagona mu dzenje, kotero amakhala chowophweka kwambiri cha marten. Koma marten amadyanso chakudya cha masamba: zipatso kapena zipatso. Amakonda kudya uchi wam'tchire. Chifukwa cha kufooka uku, zingatenge nthawi yaitali kukhala pafupi ndi chisa cha njuchi. Nthawi zina malo amodzi amatha kusonkhanitsa nthawi yomweyo.

Fox

Nkhumba ndi nyama yowopsa kwambiri. Kutalika kwa thupi la chirombo ichi kufika pamtunda ndipo pafupifupi kukula komweko ndi mchira wotchuka wa nkhandwe. Ubweya wa nyamayi nthawi zambiri umakhala wofiira, bere ndi mimba zimakhala zofiira, koma nsonga ya mchira imakhala yoyera.

Nyama izi zimakonda nkhalango zosakanikirana, zomwe zimakhala ndi kugwa, ziwembu ndi madambo. Nkhumba imatha kuwona kunja kwa midzi, komanso m'mapiri a m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Kuwoneka kwa nkhandwe sikupangika bwino, choncho pamtunda umatengedwa ndi kumveka kwa fungo komanso kumva bwino. Monga malo okhala, nkhandwe imagwiritsa ntchito mabowo osalidwa. Nthaŵi zina kukumba burrow palokha, kuya kwake kukufikira mamita 4. Pali maulendo angapo ofulumira.

Nkhandwe zimakonda kukhala ndi moyo wokhazikika. Awa ndiwo odyetsa usiku. Nkhumba imadyetsa makoswe, hares kapena mbalame. Nthawi zambiri zosawerengeka, nyamakazi amawombera. Kuyembekeza kwa moyo wa nkhandwe sizoposa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu.

Lynx

Lynx ndi nthumwi yowononga nyama zowonongeka. Lynx amafuna kuti asamangidwe. Amatha kuyendayenda nthawi yaitali, kubisala pakati pa nthambi za mitengo kapena chitsamba chachikulu. Nyongolotsiyi yayitali, miyendo yamphamvu yomwe imathandiza lynx kudumpha mtunda wautali wokwanira.

Nsomba zazikulu za lynx ndi bulu wamphongo kapena nswala. Koma sizitsutsa ziweto zazing'ono. Mwachisangalalo, gwiritsani kalulu kapena kukoka mbalame. Lynx imapanga dzenje lake kuti lithetse ana. Kawirikawiri chiwerengero cha makoswe mu zinyalala chili pakati pa 2 mpaka 4 pups. Amakhala pafupi ndi mayi kwa miyezi 9.

Nyama za nkhalango zosakanizika ku Russia

Choncho, nkhalango zosiyana zimakhala ndi nyama zosiyana. Pakati pa okhala m'dera lachilengedweli pali zinyama, ndi zinyama, onse okhala m'nkhalango za taiga, ndi "anthu okhala mmidzi" omwe ali m'nkhalango ya steppe. Nyama zambiri zimalowa m'nyengo yoziziritsa yozizira, pamene ena amachititsa moyo wawo wonse chaka chonse.