Nzeru za nthawi ya chitsitsimutso kapena mawonetseredwe loyamba anthropocentrism nthanthi

Chiyambireni cha XV m'ma kusintha nyengo iyamba mu mbiri ya Ulaya, amene amalenga ndi chikhalidwe chabwino. Pa nthawi imeneyi, amayamba azingokhala, ang'onoang'ono ndi chitukuko cha dongosolo capitalist: kukhala m'tawuni mwanaalirenji ku Italy, mmodzi kubwera wamkulu mbiri atulukira - mfuti, chiyambi yosindikiza, pali mapu ndi madera monga mwambo wa sayansi. Mu masamu ophiphiritsa kalembedwe umayamba, umagwirira mankhwala akupitiriza chitukuko mu chidziwitso cha zochitika mankhwala a thupi ndi mankhwala kuphunzira. Ikulu bwino pa nthawi ino ukufika zakuthambo, Vasco da Gama anatsegula njira nyanja ku Indies, Columbus anapeza America, ndi Magellan anatsimikizira sphericity a dziko lapansi, kupita pa ulendo woyamba padziko lonse.

Komabe, anapeza zofunika kwambiri pa nthawiyi ndi chiwonongeko cha ulamuliro wa mpingo, nzeru zatsopano za Kubadwa Kwatsopano, ndipo kuti ichi chinali kutsogolera wapadera kwa ukuyenda bwino chikhalidwe. dziko ang'onoang'ono moyo wosasangalala mzimu anali muyaya litakwiliridwa pansi mumaganiza watsopano, amene anakhala maziko a nzeru za Kubadwa Kwatsopano anthropocentrism. Homo sapiens ngati atagona tulo ataliatali ndipo anali wokonzeka kuchita zabwino mu dziko lawo, ndi N'zosadabwitsa kuti pa nthawi iyi pali kulenga kukhala wamkulu andakatulo ku Italy nthawi: Petrarch, Erasmus, Rabelais, Boccaccio.

Nzeru ya Kubadwa Kwatsopano anakopeka ndi amuna akulu nthawi, amisiri aluso, mapulani ndi Osema athandiza awo kuti chitukuko cha ufumu watsopano. Leonardo da Vinci zoyenera ntchito yabwino ya ukulu wake - Homo sapiens. Monga woyambitsa chosaneneka "Mona Lisa" ndi "The MGONERO" Iye kumakhudza chachikulu pa mfundo zokongoletsa za Kubadwa Kwatsopano. Palibe mphamvu zochepa mphamvu anali pa zojambula nthawi Mikelandzhelo Buonarroti, iwo, monga ziboliboli wake udzakwezedwa kukongola wauzimu ndi thupi la munthu, yaikulu angathe zoweta. Pa nthawi yomweyo, zomangamanga latsopano Kubadwa Kwatsopano, amene anafika pamwamba zachitika chifukwa cha m'lifupi mwa ndege wamaganizo kulenga.

Lonse nzeru ya Kubadwa Kwatsopano impregnated kuzindikira wa munthu monga munthu payekha ndi ananenetsa lamanja ake kuti awonetsere nzeru zawo ndi ufulu kukula munthu. Gawo loyamba la Kubadwa Kwatsopano unachitika monga ufulu kuganiza, kutsutsa ulamuliro wauzimu wa mpingo akale scholasticism. Ancient nthanthi cholowa katswiri ndi kubwezeretsedwa mu sukulu zonse kachiwiri lotseguka wamaganizo, kotero mokondera aiwala mu Ages Middle. Sayeneranso chipolopolo ankaonetsetsa ndi kukonzanso kusintha malamulo a ntchito kwambiri akatswiri wakale - Plato ndi Aristotle. The nzeru za la Kubadwa Kwatsopano salinso akuyitana austerity, kulapa, kumvera chifuniro cha Mulungu, koma m'malo mwake zimalimbikitsa kanthu aliyense m'munda wa zilandiridwenso ndi chitukuko munthu. Chilakolako kukhala wamphamvu pa tsogolo lawo - uyu si ang'onoang'ono ndi ngakhale Mkhristu malingaliro, izo kumera latsopano bourgeois dongosolo.

A malo apadera mu nzeru ya Kubadwa Kwatsopano amatenga Nikolay Kuzansky, mosiyana humanists zina, kuchuluka yaikulu nthawi Yoswa masamu ndi sayansi, ndipo ngakhale analenga malangizo apadera kukonda nzeru ya nthawi - wachikhristu chilengedwe pantheism. Lingaliro ili chiphunzitso ndi kuti pali Mulungu mu dziko ndipo dziko ndi Mulungu, popeza Mulungu ndi wopandamalire mwamtheradi ndi malire, zikutanthauza kuti dziko malire ndi malire aliwonse izo momasuka kusuntha. Chifukwa cha chiphunzitso ndi mfundo imeneyi amakhala kusintha kwakukulu mu maganizo a ku Ulaya, anagwa geocentric chithunzi chonse ndi chiyambi cha siteji atsopano chitukuko cha nzeru ndi sayansi ya Kubadwa Kwatsopano.