Osafuna kusintha: iwo ali - bigots kapena otchuka?

Ine ndikutsimikiza ambiri a ife tamva za Okhulupirira Old. Amatchula mobwerezabwereza za iwo mu mabuku ndi utolankhani. Mwina ambiri omveka cinematic nkhani za iwo ali mu epic ndi wotsogolera Alexander Proshkina "Mikhail Lomonosov" imene momveka bwino zoona limafotokoza zochitika za zaka. Koma aliyense akudziwa chifukwa panali Old Okhulupirira, kapena, ngati iwo amatchedwa, osafuna kusintha? Iwowa ndi ndani?

Chiyambi cha okhulupirira Old

Kalekale, mu 1650, mabishopu, Nikon, kuchepetsa ndiye Russian Church, anaganiza kusintha mwambo mwambo, kumamwa nthawi mu Russia. Cholinga cha kusintha - avareji Russian ndi Greek chikhalidwe. Izi mwapang'onopang'ono, ambiri, kusintha chinayambitsa kugawanika kwa Mpingo Russian ndi maziko kwa Old Okhulupirira mafunde. The chopunthwitsa anakhala makamaka kusiyana miyambo chifungulo cha chimamangidwa chizindikiro cha mtanda, anamvera malangizo a gulu la chionetsero ndi ena.

Old Okhulupirira - mbiri ya kufera

Si onse Russian Chikhristu anatengera zaluso izi. Ambiri poyera anatsutsa zaluso oletsa ndipo anali ndi chizunzo. Mwa anthu amene khama ankalimbikitsa Ancient Orthodox kupembedza, anali mmonke Epiphanius Dikoni Fedor, Lazaro ndi wansembe Avvakum. Iwo zinatumizidwa kuti Pustozersk (Arkhangelsk dera). Aliyense kupatula zinenero Habakuku analaswa ndi kukadulidwapo dzanja lamanja, kotero kuti sakanatha kulalikira kapena olalata kapena kulemba. Long zaka khumi ndi zinayi zimene anakhala dzenje yosakongola, koma sanali kusiya chikhulupiriro chawo. Pomaliza, April 14, 1682 iwo anatengedwa kupita malo chimango kuti liwotchedwe, ndi kuphedwa linakonzedwa. Onse anayi a iwo mwamphamvu ndipo mosangalala mapeto ao, kufikira wotsiriza okhulupirika ku malingaliro awo.

Zozizwitsa kukana asonyeza ndi ansembe a kwa Solovetsky obisika kwa zaka eyiti kupirira kuzinga asilikali yachifumu. Pamene January 22, 1676 chitetezo anakomoka ndi asilikali anadzasokoneza agulupa, iwo anazunzidwa ndi kunyongedwa za mazana anayi amuna: munthu kupachikidwa, munthu kudula mutu wake, munthu amizidwe mdzenje. Mozizwitsa anapulumuka khumi ndi zinayi zokha. Thupi pafupifupi theka la anthu amene anaphedwa anali atagona unburied, mpaka mfumu inalamula kuti abweretse iwo pansi. Pambuyo agulupa watsopano anthu Chimonko, amene analandira kusintha Nikon a. Komabe, Kuipidwa kwa Mpingo amayesedwa kuti osafuna kusintha osati. Amene anali wosauka?

Ngakhale kuti ambiri a iwo ndi anthu wamba ndi ansembe amene adakana chikhulupiriro chatsopano mwa iwo anali anthu pafupi ndi nyumba yachifumu. Mu kugwa kwa 1675 m'ndende chifukwa wozunzikirapo ndi njala anafa Mfumukazi Evdokia Prokopievna Urusova ndi noblewoman Theodosius Prokopievna Morozov alongo amene adakana chikhulupiriro chatsopano. Alongo mwayi yachifumu, koma chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro ananyoza kutchuka ndi chuma ndipo adaphedwa.

Kuphedwa funde adagulung'undisa kudutsa Russia kwa nthawi yaitali, deta yolondola, kumene ayi, koma ofufuza amanena kuti anthu oposa wani miliyoni anafa chifukwa cha kupondereza Nikon a. Mu December 1666 mabishopu, Nikon anatsutsika ndi kuthamangitsidwa kwa Ferapontov ansembe yotchedwa, malo ake anaikidwa monga mabishopu - II wa Ioasav, anapitiriza kusintha kwa kuloŵedwa m'malo.

osafuna kusintha ano. Iwowa ndi ndani?

Masiku ano, palibe amene akuzunzidwa chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro chawo. Okhulupirira Old ku Siberia ndi zigawo zina za Russia tidzakhale mwamtendere komanso, monga ulamuliro, payokha, momwe ake okhazikika bwino za moyo. moyo wawo potengera chipembedzo, mothandizana ndi ntchito okhazikika. Iwo musayese remake dziko ndi kusintha aliyense chikhulupiriro chawo. Iwo amangokhala zimene aona kuti ndi zabwino, popanda kuganizira za maganizo a ena. Choncho si mophweka kuyankha mafunso: "? Kodi osafuna kusintha ndani Religious otentheka, ngwazi, wopenga?" Aliyense ali ndi ufulu wosankha yokha, koma Mulimonsemo anthu awa mu nthawi ya Nikon, ndipo tsopano tiyenera kuwalemekeza chifukwa chokhala ndi chikhulupiriro cholimba awo. Ndipo ambiri a ife mulibe mokwanira!