Ostin Dzheyn (Jane Austen). Dzheyn Ostin mabuku, ndi anatengera filimu

Ndipo lero Abiti Ostin Dzheyn ndi imodzi yotchuka English wolemba. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa Dona Choyamba mabuku English. ntchito zake ayenera kuphunzira onse a m'makoleji British ndi yunivesite. Choncho amene anali mkazi uyu?

Mwachidule mbiri mudziwe

Dzheyn Ostin anabadwa December 16, 1775. Nyumba banja lake anali kakang'ono tawuni zigawo za Steventon, kuti pa dera la County wa Hampshire. bambo ake, George, kwenikweni ophunzira ndi ozindikira munthu anabadwira ku banja wakale Kentish ndipo anali wansembe.

Mayi wa wolemba Cassandra Lee, anadza ku banja akale koma osauka. Kuwonjezera pa banja la Jane anali adakali ana asanu - abale James, George, Edward, Henry, Francis ndi Charles, ndi mlongo Cassandra. Mlembi anali kwambiri mlongo wake. Ndi chifukwa cha makalata amene waphunzira mfundo za moyo ndi changu Jane.

Childhood ndi unyamata wa wolemba wotchuka

Ndipotu za ubwana wake ndi unyamata Abiti Austen amadziwika osati kwambiri. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi maonekedwe ake, chifukwa kulongosola nkhani zosiyanasiyana phokoso osiyana. Komabe, amaganiza kuti Jane anali kaso, wachisomo ndi mtsikana wokongola ndi maganizo Nditchimo, ndi wanthabwala ndi chidwi kwambiri. Komanso iye anakonda mafashoni, chidwi njonda, anapezeka mipira, wakwera kusangalala ndi okondedwa ankasewera altercation abale ake ndi abwenzi.

Kodi ophunzira Abiti Austen?

Wolemba ntchito osati kusonyeza talente kwambiri, komanso ndithu aluntha chitukuko cha Abiti Austen. Jane anaphunzitsidwa mu mabungwe osiyana. Mu 1783, wolemba tsogolo ndi mchemwali wake Cassandra anayamba maphunziro ake ku Oxford. Koma apa alongo mwa mwayi, monga iwo anazunzidwa ku despotism wa mphunzitsi wamkulu, ndiyeno kachilombo ndi Nthenda yofanana ndi tayifodi. Ndiyeno panali sukulu Mufulira, kenako mtsikana kachiwiri anasintha sukulu. bungwe yophunzitsa Kuwerenga nayenso si anayandikira mtsikana chidwi, chifukwa mphunzitsi wamkulu mtima anali pamodzi mphwayi Mtheradi ku maphunziro a ana.

Pambuyo zolephera ambiri, Jane kunyumba, kumene bambo ake chinkhoswe mu maphunziro. Dzhordzh Ostin anali wokhoza kuphunzitsa ana awo osati kukonda kuwerenga, komanso zochenjera zolembalemba kukoma. Iye wakula ndi anayamba mu mlengalenga laluntha, ndi zinachitika madzulo a kuwerenga ndi kukambirana mabuku tingachipeze powerenga.

Mphamvu pa ntchito a wolemba

Kumene, kunyumba maphunziro ndi chidziwitso mabuku a abambo ake atachoka chizindikiro awo pa ntchito ya wolemba. Koma pali zifukwa zina zimene zinapangitsa ndondomeko ya kulenga wotchuka mabuku a Abiti Austen. Jane ankakhala nthawi chifukwa cha zochitika odziwika m'mbiri - ndipo unali French kuukira boma, mafakitale mu England, ndi kupanduka Ireland, ndi nkhondo yomenyera ufulu ku America, ndi zina zotero ..

Ngakhale kuti ambiri a moyo wake Jane unachitikira m'chigawo yakhala ankachita pa makalata ndi achibale komanso anzathu amene momveka bwino anafotokoza zinthu ake mbiri, amene anapezeka awo. Ndi makalata amenewa anakhala mtsikana ndi sizidzatha gwero la malingaliro ndi zothandiza.

Dzheyn Ostin: ntchito za nthawi oyambirira

Osati mafani onse a wolemba amadziwa kuti ntchito yake yoyamba iye analengedwa mu zaka fifitini. Mwachitsanzo, imodzi mwa ntchito zimenezi inali epistolary buku "Chikondi ndi Mabwenzi", amene analengedwa monga ngati parody wa otchuka pa nthawiyo mabuku achikondi amapanga British.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, anayamba kugwira ntchito pa "History of England", Ndipo zimenezi, anali parody, lampoon pa buku A. osula golidi. Apa Jane mochenjera ndi wittily kunyoza ananena wolemba kukhala cholinga, pamene wakhala ena kwenikweni zinachitikadi. parody wina wa chikhalidwe buku English anakhala novelette "Wokongola Cassandra".

Wotchuka buku wolemba

Ndithudi, pafupifupi aliyense kamodzi pa moyo wake unali mwayi kuwona ntchito za Dzheyn Ostin. Kunena ake ali otchuka kwambiri pakati pa mafani mabuku.

Mu 1811, ntchito yoyamba ya Dzheyn Ostin linasindikizidwa - "Zinthu ndi Sensibility." Mwa njira, bukuli ofalitsidwa mogwirizana pseudonym "Lady." Izi ndi yosavuta nthawi yomweyo nkhani zochititsa chidwi zokhudza awiri alongo ndi makhalidwe osiyana. Marianna - m'maganizo ndi tcheru mtsikana amene akufuna kupeza chikondi chenicheni, pamene lake Elinor zambiri zosungika, anzeru ndiponso othandiza.

Bwino ntchito analola novelist mu 1813 kufalitsa buku lotsatira - buku odziwika amatchedwa "Kunyada ndi Tsankho", amene poyamba linalembedwa kale kwambiri. Akuti ntchito zimenezi zinalembedwa mwamsanga kusiya Tom Lefroy, koma chifukwa ofalitsa poyamba anakana izo, akuyembekezera awo kwa zaka khumi ndi zisanu. Chikondi nkhani, amene adzadutsa kwambiri chodana ndi kugonjetsa kunyada, ndi lero chimodzi mwa mabuku otchuka a wolemba.

Yotsatira lofalitsidwa inali buku lakuti "Mansfield Park". Dzheyn Ostin wamanga kwa zaka zitatu. Mwa njira, ntchito izi ndi za otchedwa buku maphunziro. Nkhani ya mtsikana amene adzayenera kusankha pakati pa kuitana kwa mtima, malamulo a ukali wololera mikangano, anakhala phunziro la miniseries a.

Mu 1816 anapita buku lina wotchuka - "Emma". Dzheyn Ostin pano m'njira zoseketsa, anafotokoza mbiri ya zosangalatsa, perky mtsikana amene kusangalala, kuthandiza anzake kukwatira. Wotanganidwa udindo wa matchmaker, amene, mwa njira, si ntchito zabwino kwambiri, Emma pafupifupi analekerera chimwemwe mwini.

Mu 1817, atamwalira, inafalitsidwa m'buku lina lotchedwa "Kukopa." Dzheyn Ostin wowerenga pechalnayu ananena nkhani ya Anne Elliot, motsogozedwa ndi malangizo a atsikana mayi ake, iye anakana yekha adakonda. Mwa njira, bukuli amaona mtundu wa pofotokoza za moyo wolemba yokha.

Patapita chaka chimodzi, inasindikizidwa wina buku - "Northanger Abbey" imene ili ndi kusangalala ndi wochenjera parody wa lachinsinsi mabuku Gothic.

ntchito yosatha ya Jane

Ndipotu, si ntchito zonse za wolemba wotchuka zitatha. Mwachitsanzo, pa moyo wa Abiti Austen yaing'ono epistolary buku lotchedwa "Lady Susan" sichinayambe lofalitsidwa. Linalembedwa pakati pa 1803 ndi 1805 zaka za mbiri ya luso ndi kuchenjerera ndale Lady Susan, kuyesera kuyang'ana kwa mwamuna abwino, kuwukitsa zofunika za makhalidwe abwino ndi makhalidwe.

Mutu womwewo wa kusakasaka mkwati anakhudzidwa, ndi ena ndi buku yosatha, wolemba amatchedwa "Watsons". Mwa njira, ntchito kenako appended mphwanga Jane ndi lofalitsidwa pansi udindo "Mlongo wamng'ono."

Palinso ntchito wotchuka wolemba British, zomwe iye anali nthawi kumaliza. Pa buku la "Senditon" Jane anayamba ntchito kwa miyezi ingapo aphedwe, anali ndi nthawi kulemba kokha mpukutu. Mu 2000, ntchito imeneyi inatha pa English wolemba Dzhuliey Barret - buku la imafalitsidwa pansi pa dzina "Charlotte."

wolemba Personal moyo

Ndi palibe chinsinsi kuti, ngakhale chikuoneka m'malo zosangalatsa, Dzheyn Ostin nakhalabe yekha. Mwana analandira akafunsiridwa ukwati ku mphwake olemera a Lady Gresham Weasley, koma anakana, alibe anamvapo kulikonse kwa iye.

Mu 1795, panali mnzanga wa osauka wophunzira za malamulo Thomas Lefroy ndi Abiti Austen. Jane anatchula kangapo za zochitika izi m'makalata ake kuti mlongo wake. Pakati pa achinyamata yomweyo anaswa kwambiri ndi mzake, koma iwo anayenera kusiya. Ndipotu achinyamata ochokera m'mabanja osauka, ndi kokha zaphindu ukwati ndi olowa ndi wolemera vutoli. Mwa njira, Thomas unakhala Ambuye Chief Justice la Ireland. Ndipo Jane zaka 30 ankavala bonnet wa mdzakazi akale, kuwauza dziko kuti si Mukwatira.

Pambuyo pa imfa ya bambo wolembayo anathandiza mayi ake kuzungulira nyumbayo, mkhalidwe ndalama zimene zinali zovuta kwambiri. Mu 1817, Jane anasamukira ku Winchester, kumene ankachita matenda Addison, ndipo pamene ntchito pa buku "Senditon". Apa anamwalira pa July 18.

Dzheyn Ostin: filimu anatengera mabuku

Ndipotu, ntchito ya wolemba British nthawi linachititsa chidwi omveka. Mwachitsanzo, buku "Kunyada ndi Tsankho" inajambulidwa kakhumi. chithunzi choyamba ochokera m'buku anaonekera pa zowonetsera mu 1938. Last TV Baibulo la buku wotchuka lofalitsidwa mu 2005 - udindo wa Elizabeth Bennet ali Kire Naytli ndi Bambo Darcy a kwakukuru ankaimba ndi Mettyu Makfeyden.

Buku "Zinthu ndi Sensibility," kusinthidwa kwa nsalu yotchinga kasanu. Wina mankhwala wotchuka wotchedwa "Emma" Anakhalanso maziko chiwembu cha zojambula eyiti. Ndithudi, izi si mafilimu onse Dzheyn Ostin. Mwachitsanzo, pali mafilimu anayi, analenga zochokera buku "Kukopa." A "Northanger Abbey" waikidwa pa zenera kawiri - mu 1986 ndi 2006. Palinso atatu filimu anatengera ntchito za "Mansfield Park". Monga mmene taonera, onse anamaliza mabuku Dzheyn Ostin nkhani inakhala maziko a mafilimu ambiri. Ndipo ngakhale nthawi, kusintha njira ya moyo ndi miyambo, izi nkhani yosavuta za chikondi, ubwenzi ndi makhalidwe abwino akadali kusangalala chidwi kwambiri ku amaonetsa ndi kuwerenga.

Movies za moyo wa wolemba

Ndipotu, chinthu chidwi kwa mphunzitsi filimu anakhala osati ntchito za Dzheyn Ostin, koma moyo wake kwambiri. Pakali pano, anajambula mafilimu atatu, chiwembu chimene m'njira ina yochokera deta mbiri ya wolemba wotchuka. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2002, anamasulidwa mu zopelekedwa yobwereka amatchedwa "Real Dzheyn Ostin", maziko amene anatengedwa odziwika bwino deta mbiri ndiponso makalata otsala mlongoyu wolemba Cassandra.

Mu 2007, anaonekera pa zenera sewero amatchedwa "Abiti Austen Kunong'oneza Bondo," limene limafotokoza nkhani ya zaka zomalizira za luso koma kopanda wolemba ndi ubwenzi wake ndi mmodzi wa nephews lapansi. Pano mbali ya Jane anapita Olivii Uilyams.

Mofanana 2007 melodrama "Dzheyn Ostin" ( "Khalani Jane") inajambulidwa, nkhani zachokera chisoni nkhani yachikondi ya wokhala wolemba ndi osauka, amwano koma wokongola loya Tom Lefroy.