Pamene ndi mmene kudzala mbewu tsabola?

Pepper - mmodzi wa zikhalidwe yotchuka kwambiri ya alimi athu Russian. Zipatso za zomera ndi wosiyana kukoma zodabwitsa. Iwo ali olemera mu mavitamini ndi mchere. Tsabola ntchito yokonzekera mwatsopano ndi zam'chitini saladi modzaza iwo, kuika mu soups ndi borscht. Mu chisamaliro cha chikhalidwe lodabwitsa ili si makamaka fastidious ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda. Mavuto nyakulima novice zitha kumachitika pamene kukula mbande. Kagwiridwe yopangira zomera amphamvu pawindo ali ndi mbali yake. Kukula masamba pang'ono monga mbewu zina zamasamba.

Pamene chodzala mbande tsabola

The novice nyakulima ayenera kuganizira mfundo yakuti pa chiyambi cha kukula kwa tsabola akufotokozera pang'onopang'ono. Choncho, kubzala mbewu zake akhale oyambirira zokwanira. Pamaso onyamula mbande mu nthaka ya chikhalidwe kukula mu mabokosi masiku osachepera 70-90. Ngati tomato ndi mabilinganya ku Russia chapakati zofesedwa m'ma kuti mochedwa March, ndi tsabola ayenera anabzala mochedwa February - mu 20s lapansi. M'madera kum'mwera kwa dzikoli akhoza kuika mbande pamaso - kale mwezi uno.

Yankho la funso liti kudzala mbewu tsabola, ndipo zimadalira zosiyanasiyana mbewu. Ena mitundu akhoza zofesedwa ndi oyambirira. tsabola Izi saganizira kupanda Kuphunzira. Koma pamaso 15 February si analimbikitsa mbande mbewu.

Zimene muyenera kudziwa

Funso la mmene kubzala mbewu tsabola ndi kuwasamalira bwino, yafupika zofunika kusunga ena ayamikira zofunika pa kulima mbewu izi mu magawo oyambirira chitukuko. Wamphamvu, wathanzi, zingakhale ololera zomera mu mabokosi akhoza zimapezeka kokha pansi pa zikhalidwe izi:

• Compliance ndi kutentha pomwe. Chilling kapena kutenthedwa ya zomera sayenera kuloledwa Mulimonsemo. Apo ayi tsabola mapulaniwo odereveneet n'kusiya kukula makulidwe. A amadza yaikulu zokolola. Kapena tingalole kutentha akutsikira m'munsimu madigiri 13. Apo ayi, chitukuko mmera mabasi.
• Compliance mosamala pa swordplay. Pepper mizu wodzala ndi kuswa mosavuta. M'manda Pamene amadutsa mu makapu ndi cotyledons monga mbande zikhalidwe zina, sikutheka. zomera ndi yovuta kwambiri muzu zowola. Kumizidwa tsabola odwala ndi kuyamba kwanthawi kumbuyo kukula.
• Kuthirira mbewu ayenera kukhala odziletsa. Pepper salola atayanika kunja ndi tcheru modulations.

Ndiko, kwa kulima bwino mbande za chikhalidwe ziyenera kukhala zosavuta kupereka zomera yunifolomu popanda kusintha mosayembekezeka ndi mwapanikizika.

Kusankha mitundu

Kumene, nyakulima novice ayenera osati kudziwa momwe kubzala mbewu tsabola, komanso ziti bwino kusankha pa nkhani zosiyanasiyana. Mu dziko lathu akhoza kukhala wamkulu monga mitundu oyambirira a mbewu imeneyi wopita saladi ndi kumalongeza ndi Yapakatikati oyambirira ndi mochedwa. Wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa zoweta truckers ndi makalasi zotsatirazi:

• Atlanta. Ndi tsabola pakati anafuna kulima kutchire ndi greenhouses.
• Oyambirira kukhwima mafuta Baron ndi zipatso wokoma kwambiri. Nthawi zomera zosiyanasiyana izi yochepa. Choncho, lifesedwa mu February, sikuti. Mbande zingabzalidwe ngakhale chiyambi cha March.
• Eskimo F1. tsabola m'banda ndi chitsamba wodzaza ndi zipatso wandiweyani mipanda.
• East Star golide F1 - m'banda hybrid yololera.
• Isabella F1 - pakati kalasi ndi chitsamba amphamvu kwambiri koma yaying'ono.

mitundu mochedwa tsabola monga Nochka F1, F1 Paris ndi zina ambiri wakula yekha m'madera kum'mwera kwa dzikoli, kumene kuli nyengo ofunda mpaka m'ma kugwa.

Kusankha mbewu

Pa funso liti kudzala mbewu tsabola, ndi mtundu wina wa kusankha, ndife bwino. Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za momwe bwino kukonza kubzala zakuthupi chikhalidwe. Kumene, mbewu tsabola mu malo oyamba ayenera anasankha. Kubzala katundu, sitolo ogulidwa, imakhala yokwanira khalidwe - pafupifupi onse kumera mbewu ku thumba. Koma ngati iwo anasonkhana mu kugwa pa awo, ayenera kuthetsa. Kuti izi udzathiridwa mu beaker 4% njira ya mchere wamba ndipo choviikidwa mu izo angapo mbewu maola. Kanthu tirigu nevskhozhie wangobwera pamwamba. Iwo ayenera kusonkhanitsa ndi kutaya. mbewu katundu ndi mazira idzatitimira kuti pansi pa galasi. Awo kunja ndi youma pa chidutswa cha woonda, nsalu yoyera.

Kodi etch mbewu za tsabola

njirayi, monga mbewu kubzala mbewu tsabola kukhala kwambiri bwino kwambiri pa nkhani ya pretreating ndi fungicides tirigu. Etching chingamulepheretse chitukuko cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda tizilombo ndi mafangasi. Pakuti processing anasankha tsabola mbewu anayikidwa mu chikwama gauze. Ndiye anazitsanulira mwa njira mtsuko fungicide. Izi zikhoza kukhala, mwachitsanzo, "fitosporin-M", "limakhulupirira", "VitaRos" ndipo T. D. akuwukha imagwiridwa mogwirizana ndi malangizo Ufumuyo mankhwala. Ndi zotheka kuti ndalama pa ndalama mtengo zokwanira, ndi chabe kuchitira mbewu ndi yankho wandiweyani wa permanganate potaziyamu kwa theka la ola.

Pambuyo etching chomera zakuthupi ayenera bwinobwino osambitsidwa popanda kuchotsa izo kuchokera mu thumba.

kukula ochirikiza

Pamene mbande nkhumba tsabola, tsopano inu mukudziwa. Ndi bwino kuchita izo mu February. Komabe, mukhoza kupeza yokolola oyambirira ndi pa magawo kutsogoloku ndegeyo. Ngati, pakuti chirichonse zifukwa, seeding zinachitikadi ndi kuchedwa ndi, mbewu ayenera Pre-mankhwala ogalamutsa kukula. Kuti zomera mtsogolo bwino akupangidwa akhoza ankawaviika zinthu kubzala Mwachitsanzo, mu "Epinay" (maola 12). Ngati mankhwala pa dzanja saloledwa m'malo izo ndi yankho la phulusa nkhuni. Lili zambiri microelements zothandiza tsabola. Pokonza lita imodzi mtsuko ndi madzi ofunda Chinawonjezeka 2 ga phulusa kuposa njira chifukwa cha tsiku lina. Mbewu ankawaviika kwa 3 h.

Zinamera mu Marl

Asanayambe kugwira opareshoni monga chodzala mbewu tsabola kwa mbande, yotsirizira ayenera zimere, chifukwa chikhalidwe kuchitikanso mu magawo oyambirira pang'onopang'ono. Chifukwa chaichi, mu malo otentha anaika chinsalu cha plywood ndipo yokutidwa ndi yofewa, nsalu chosazirala ndi madzi. Pepper mbewu anayikidwa pamwamba. Komanso, iwo anaika khumudwitsidwa chachiwiri wasambitsa. Pa masiku asanu ndi yang'anani mwatcheru, kotero kuti nsalu sakutero youma. Patapita mlungu umodzi pa mbewu kuoneka njira. zochitika zonse zina kuti kubzala ayenera kuchitidwa monga mosamala mmene angathere. Njira kwa mbewu wolobodoka nkhongono ndi mosavuta kusiya.

Pambuyo kumera wa ndondomeko monga yokonza mbewu tsabola pa zikumera, tinganene kuti wathunthu. Mu siteji yotsatira kuyamba atsike.

kukonzekera nthaka

Kumene, mbewu chabe thanzi kwambiri ndipo pa nthaka yomweyo lotayirira akhoza kukhala wamkulu ndi wamphamvu tsabola. Photo kwa zomera bwino anayamba akamagwira ntchito nthaka yabwino, inu mukhoza kuwona pa tsamba lino. Mpaka mbewu kumera tsabola, mukhoza kuyamba kukonzekera otungira pansi. Chidebe pamaso kudzaza nthaka ayenera mosamala kusamalira yankho la permanganate potaziyamu. Potting nthaka mugule mu sitolo. Iwo ayenera kupeza dziko anafuna mwachindunji tsabola. Zidzakhala bwino kuwonjezera mchenga pang'ono (0.5 mbali 3 mbali nthaka). Ngati anakhumba, mukhoza kuphika augmentation a zokolola ndiponso paokha.

Good Paprika mbande akhoza kukhala wamkulu pa nthaka ndi zikuchokera awa: mbali 3 mafuta humus kapena nthaka m'munda, peat ndi mbali 2 1 mbali mchenga. zosakaniza onse okonzeka kuyambira autumn, wothiridwa mu zikwama.

Funso mmene kukula mbande wabwino wa tsabola, yafupika kwa kusamala lapansi yotsirizidwa. Potting nthaka, mwa zina, onetsetsani kuti steamed mu yapanyanja kapena anakhetsa njira ofooka permanganate potaziyamu kuchotsa matenda. Zofunika kuchita njirayi ndi nthaka anagula. Anthu ena opanga kubala apamwamba potting dothi si wodzala ndi mitundu yonse ya mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya.

mabokosi ayenera kukhetsa mabowo. Kukhazikitsa mphamvu mu shaded malo otentha pa pallets. Nthaka ladzala kuti m'mbali mwa flanges kutali ake ku mabokosi pamwamba anali za 2 cm.

mbewu kubzala

Choncho, mmene kubzala mbewu tsabola bwino? Tiyeni tiyang'ane pa ichi mwatsatanetsatane.

Komanso, pamaso kufesa ayenera kukonzekera zidutswa za polyethylene kapena galasi. N'zofunika kuteteza kuyanika wa nthaka chisanadze zikamera tsabola. Plywood ndi mbewu Zidamera anayikidwa pafupi ndi mabokosi a. Kubzala zizichitidwa mosamala kwambiri. Mumpanda mbewu yabwino ndi tweezers. Kuziika padziko nthaka si nthawi zambiri. Mtunda pakati pa mbeu ayenera kukhala osachepera 2 cm. Shading ndi thickening tsabola sakonda.

Pambuyo mbewu onse anayala, iwo n'kuwaza pochvosmesi wosanjikiza makulidwe a za 1.5 cm. Tsabola Komanso anabzala mwaukhondo anatsanulira kuchokera kutsitsi chipinda kutentha madzi. Mabokosi wokutidwa ndi galasi kapena polyethylene. Mu zotsatirazi tiyenera kuonetsetsa kuti nthaka si adzauma.

Compliance ndi njira zonse tafotokozazi - yankho labwino kwa funso mmene kudzala bwino mmera wa tsabola. Kwambiri m'manda mbewu Sikuti. Pepper mphukira, ndipo kwa nthawi yaitali - masabata awiri ndipo nthawi zina atatu.

Zikamera ya majeremusi

Kamodzi pamwamba nthaka kukhala totsegulira looneka mabokosi ayenera anasamukira ku zenera sills. Kuyambira masana akadali kochepa kwambiri, ndi zofunika kukonza Kuphunzira zina tsabola mu February ndi kumayambiriro kwa March. Nyali osiyanasiyana kofunika kuyamba dzuwa kupeza lero ndi yosavuta. Komanso, ndalama zokhudzana zida si mtengo kwambiri. Galasi kapena filimu mabokosi, kumene, ayenera kuchotsedwa.

Kuthirira mbewu yaing'ono tsabola kubala m'mawa ndi madzi mpopi kuima kwa tsiku.

madzi

Ndi bwino kuti ndikasendeza zomera wamkulu abwino makapu pulasitiki. Iwo akhoza kukhala wamkulu wamphamvu kwambiri ndi wathanzi mbewu ya tsabola. masiku kutola ofunitsitsa ndi mlingo wa chitukuko cha mbewu. Ndisonyezeni kumuika pambuyo pokhala pa tsabola adzakhala 2-3 masamba. The zomera magalasi adzakhala kuyamwa nthaka kuposa mu mabokosi.

Ndisonyezeni zokumbira motere:

• Tsiku lina patsogolo ntchito mu mabokosi mmera bwino anatsanulira.
• Zomera kuti tikagonane chala ndi kuchotsedwa, mokoma akuthandiza kwa masamba tsamba osati phesi wosalimba.
• Zikho, wodzazidwa pochvosmesi zikuchokera mofanana mu mabokosi kale kupanga maenje a m'mimba mwake ngati kuti mizu tsabola osati litapotanitsidwa.
• Anaika mdzenje kuwaza zomera potting nthaka, mokoma potero izo. Pa chisamaliro ndondomeko ayenera kumwedwa kuti tsabola anali m'manda mu nthaka pamwamba kolala muzu (Mulimonsemo zosaposa 0.5 cm).
• zomera kuziika madzi.
• Makapu pafupi ndi pawindo, iwo ayenera kukhala bwinobwino. Pambuyo chifuniro tsabola, iwo anasamutsa pafupi kuwala.

Chotsani tsabola ku muzu waukulu angakhale, koma osati. Ena agronomists, akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti ndondomeko ya amatha kuchititsa mbewu ndi zoipa koposa zabwino. mfundo ndi yakuti kwa yoperekera zakudya kwa tsabola, monga ambiri zikhalidwe zina, amakumana taproot chachikulu. Koma chitukuko mofulumira mbali akuwombera kwambiri zomera bwino Sindizakubweretsanso.

Kodi kudyetsa?

Pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri ya mbande tsabola (chithunzi wamkulu zomera mukuonera pansipa) recycles gwero pochvosmesi pafupifupi mwathunthu. Choncho, itatha nthawi iyi ayenera kuyamba kudyetsa. Koyamba kudzera feteleza chagwiritsidwa patapita nthawi pricking lapansi. Mu chachiwiri - pafupi masabata.

Mitundu yabwino Mavalidwe tsabola ndi zosakaniza madzi ndi okhutira mkulu wa potaziyamu (mwachitsanzo, "Rastvorin" kapena "Senior phwetekere"). Ndi zotheka manyowa zomera njira ofooka kapena tincture phulusa nkhuku manyowa kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi chiwerengero cha osachepera limodzi ndi makumi awiri.

zomera transshipment

Ndi kuumitsa tsabola kuyamba pang'ono pasanafike mbewu zina zamasamba. Mukhale zomera, monga tanenera kale, mu magawo oyambirira m'malo pang'onopang'ono. Pamene tomato ndi biringanya adzaphedwa pa khonde kapena lotengeka ku kanyumba, mukhoza kuwoloka mbande ya tsabola mu mitsuko kapena mapoto mphamvu kwambiri. Kuti ndondomeko imeneyi ayenera kukhala bwinobwino ndi kusamala kuti kuwononga kapena kupinda mizu. Tengani tsabola kunja kwa makapu yekha ndi mtanda wa lapansi.

kusiya-kuchokera deadlines pansi lotseguka

Kuti, pamene kubzala mbewu tsabola, ndife bwino. M'nthaka ndi anasamutsidwa pambuyo pa 70-90 masiku mutabzala mu mabokosi. Dothi mabedi Choncho ayenera konzekera kwa osachepera 15 madigiri. Kawirikawiri kuchita kumuika 10 May 25 June. Zomera ndi nthawi iyi ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 10 masamba, komanso ena masamba osatsegulidwa. Sachedwa kubzala mbewu ili singakhale. Zatsvetshy tsabola anatengedwa zikuipiraipirabe. Komanso ukufalikira masamba ali chabe adzauma. Kumene, zimakhudza zokolola mbewu.

Monga ena ambiri Solanaceae, tsabola si bwino kulekerera chisanu. Choncho, pa mabedi a onetsetsani kuti anapereka Arc wa waya wandiweyani kapena mipope woonda polypropylene ndi chimango chifukwa obtyanut ena sanali nsalu zipangizo chophimba.

Kodi kudzala mbewu mu tsabola pansi

tsiku lina pamaso kulanda chomera bwinobwino anakhetsa. The mabedi ndi kukonza malo bwino sunlit, kutetezedwa ku mphepo yamphamvu. Chosowa kuwala zidzakhudza mbewu. Wolimba ngati mphepo, "ndinagwedeza" ndi kufooketsa zomera.

Pamene ife anachitira funso mmene kubzala mbewu tsabola otchulidwa bwino ndi kuti chikhalidwe ndi losangalala kwambiri dothi lotayirira. nthaka lolemera, azungu sangakhoze kulekerera osati zitsamba achinyamata komanso achikulire.

Ngati malowo ndi chonde m'nthaka lotayirira m'munda kumeneko, onetsetsani kuti nthaka bwino powonjezera kompositi, peat ndi mchenga. Monga analimbikitsa feteleza phulusa (1 tbsp. 1 m²), superphosphate ndi sulphate potaziyamu (1 tbsp. Supuni pa 1 m²) ndi urea (1 hr. L. 1 m²).

Kukumba pansi mabedi pansi tsabola pa mpeni zokumbira. nyemba zanu ayenera mosamala limagwirizana. apezeka Large ndizowonongeka mafupa okhaokha, miyala kuchotsedwa makama.

Zachepetsedwa ndi - chinachake chimene sangakhoze kulekerera mbande tsabola. Masiku ankafika za mbewu - mapeto a May kapena chiyambi cha June. A mizere tsabola pa bedi pa mtunda wa si masentimita zosakwana 50 padera. M'menemo mzere katayanitsidwe 60 cm. Zomera mosamala kuchotsedwa galasi pamodzi ndi dziko lapansi kumugenda amayikidwa mu malo kotero kuti muzu kolala amakhalabe padziko ndi dzenje watsirizika hafu ya nthaka chonyowa. Dosypki anapanga mtunda.

Kamodzi onse zibzalidwe tsabola, utuchi bedi la udzu mulched kapena youma. Kenako, kutulutsa madzi wochuluka.

Tikufika pa kutentha ndi

M'tchire, zomera zimabzalidwa pafupifupi mofanana ndi poyera. Nthawi yokhayo yotsatila ndi yosiyana. Ngati wowonjezera kutenthedwa, mabokosiwa akhoza kuikidwa mkati mwake pakati pa kasupe. Atatha kusintha, zomera zimasunthira ku malo osatha. Mmera wa tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha umakhalanso bwino. Ndi bwino kutsuka pansi ndi njira yothetsera nkhuku zowonongeka (200 magalamu pa madzi okwanira 1.5 malita pa mbeu).

Choncho, ife pamodzi ndi inu mwatsatanetsatane tazindikira momwe mungayimire tsabola ndi nthawi yanji. Chikhalidwe ichi sichinali makamaka whimsical, ndipo chisamaliro chake n'chosavuta. Komabe, ndi kofunikira kuti muyang'ane zamakono opanga ma teknoloji pamene mukukula. Makamaka, muyenera kusamala mukasankha, kutengako ndi kutseguka pansi. Kukulitsa kwambiri zomera, ndi kulola kuwonongeka kwa mizu sikungakhale.