PC makina mfuti. Modern mfuti. PK makina mfuti

Pakuti yogwirizanitsa aliyense asilikali ndi cholinga anafuna ndi gunsmiths. Ngati mbali ndi mosinthana ndi zitsanzo osiyana kapangidwe ndi zinthu zofanana, nthawi yomweyo kuthetsa mavuto angapo. Choyamba, sakani zida zosinthira ngati kulephera mosavuta. Kachiwiri, asilikali masewero mofulumira ndi waphindu. Chachitatu, ndalama yopanga ndi kuchepetsedwa. Pali zifukwa zina kuyesetsa kuti standardization, iwo ndi chilangizo mu chikhalidwe, komanso ofunika. Koma ngati chida logwirizana, kuti sikokwanira kuganizira bwino. Ofunika komanso nkhondo makhalidwe. Mfuti Modern ili mu arsenals wa mayiko - adani, nthawi zonse anapereka mfundo zabwino kwa zitsanzo zathu. Iwo sayenera poipa, ndipo mwina bwino mawu a ntchito moto, yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo, ndithudi, odalirika. amafuna zonsezi zambiri wokhutitsidwa Buku Kalashnikov mfuti ya makina, wopangidwa ndi zida asilikali Soviet ndi Russian mu 1961. Iye amadziwika ku mayiko ena ambiri, amene zimagulitsidwa.

A chitsanzo single

Ganizo wogwirizana makina mfuti si chatsopano. Pafupifupi anthu onse a asilikali pa First World nkhondo, ankakonda "Maxima", "Hotchkiss" ndi "Colts". Mu mmasate ndi oyenda ndi gawo phiri ankaona kuti mukufuna zitsanzo mbandakucha omwe ankatchedwa dzanja, monga kuyenera easel. Complete yogwirizanitsa kukwaniritsa ngati akatswiri German kampani "Rheinmetall 'poika" lawnmower "ndi MG 34 (kumapeto kwa chaka, chitukuko cha 1934-TH). Asogolera ntchito zomangamanga Louis Stange. Machine mfuti kuti zinayenda bwino kwambiri ndi asilikali Red Army ankafuna ali ndi zida chomwecho. Only nkhondo itatha, analandira chinachake chonga izo. Cholinga chinali mbali zabwino za mitundu iwiri zoyambirira za mfuti (easel ndi Buku) ali limagwirizana ndi chitsanzo limodzi. Iye ankayenera kuti akhale osiyana ndi mkulu mlingo, monga mfuti zipolopolo "yaitali" katiriji (makina, mwachitsanzo, ndi chosiyana ndi boma-makina mfuti) zikugwira ntchito kwa iye, osiyanasiyana umalimbana moto ndi woposa wa manja ochiritsira yaing'ono. Chotero chitsanzo anali kutengera monga umodzi lonse la asilikali Soviet.

DP 27 Shilin

Mu 1946, kulenga "atatu" opanga A. I. Shilina AA Dubinin ndi P. P. Polyakova, kukhala moyo wamakono zakuya za anadalira odalirika DP 27 chitsanzo pafupifupi atsopano otchedwa RP 46. okonza Soviet kuti ntchito zing'onozing'ono manja zipolopolo lamba kudya dongosolo, imene limagwirira chakudya wakhala Integrated, pulagi-mu sitolo malo. DP 27 zinali zabwino, koma ngakhale ndiye, mu zaka zoyambirira za ntchito asilikali, anayesedwa m'malo zosakhalitsa lotha RPD Degtyarev. Pafupifupi onse Soviet zida wapadera ogwira chinkhoswe mu chitukuko cha machitidwe awo mu chiyembekezo kuti adzakhala chitsanzo umodzi.

Atsogoleri anali ochepa KB, amene mlengi wa AK 47 Kalashnikov Mihail Timofeevich, amene anayambitsa PC makina mfuti posachedwapa buku loyamba. Izi zinachitika mu 1959.

Mpikisano ndi mpikisano

Pambuyo mndandanda wa mayesero wapakatikati kuti chomaliza, analengeza Utumiki wa silikhali, zitsanzo awiri. Wina anali PC (Kalashnikov makina mfuti), wachiwiri - ntchito ya akatswiri otchuka pa OKB 14 (chimodzimodzi Tula fakitale mikono, m'pofunika kulabadira, monga kampani wakhalapo ndi mpikisano mkati, zimathandiza kuti mkulu khalidwe la ntchito). nyemba Zinali zosangalatsa kwambiri, izo zimanyezimiritsa ambiri a malingaliro zapamwamba wa luso lapadera makina. bwino anali lingaliro la kupereka Mzere wa mabokosi yovomerezeka mitundu iwiri (200 kapena 100 zipolopolo). shutter lanu msonkhano ndi anazindikira kuti imodzi yabwino mu kuphweka kukongola njira zomangamanga. Zachilendo ndi choyambirira njira anatsimikiza funso mipweya cutoff ufa. Kugonjera kwa zipolopolo zinachitikadi ndi wapadera "zala." Zonse mu zonse, mfuti zabwino kwambiri. PC Koma anapambana mpikisano, ndipo panali zifukwa.

Kupanda mfuti Nikitin ndi Sokolov

Ndi ubwino zonse inawala chitsanzo Nikitin ndi Sokolova, anali drawback wina ndi kupanda kudalirika. Ayi, iye sanali amakana konse, koma anayamba kuwombera mu mode umodzi player, pambuyo ukagwira angapo zipolopolo, anali adatchithisira m'madzi. chodabwitsa chifukwa cha chinyengo matenthedwe angabuke kotunga unit. Koyamba, pang'ono chilema, koma nkhondo weniweni ndalama kuwerengetsera moyo. Nthawi iliyonse muvi wa anakakamizika kuti kutsegulaso, kuika NTC cocked 2-3 ndi dzanja. Kuchedwa Ichi ndi choopsa kwambiri. RPK mayeso poyerekeza zinthu impeccably, iye sanali amakana ngakhale pambuyo anali adatchithisira mu achisanu ngalande Central Asia.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa PC kuchokera pa Kalashnikov. thunthu

Lero AK-47 odziwika bwino padziko lonse kuti palibe kukhala ndi maonekedwe a kamangidwe kake. Mu Soviet Union, kuti disassemble makina ngakhale ophunzira sukulu sukulu yapamwamba mu m'kalasi maphunziro asilikali. M'mayiko ena, ana amatha kusamalira zida izi, ndipo ali aang'ono, si katswiri koma ndi satifiketi.

Kwambiri kapangidwe njira anatulukira ndipo ntchito zazikulu Russian gunsmith, kupeka makina wake wotchuka. Machine mfuti Kalashnikov isiyana ndi zinachitika mu mbiya woyamba, ndi wautali, ndi zochotseka, ndi kusinthidwa woyamba ali longitudinally ribbed pamwamba kutentha bwino kusintha.

zina

Pakuti mayiko PC okonzeka ndi moto mfuti bipod. Kuwombera mu mode umodzi player ndi ndondomeko ima pamzere yekha. ndalezo mtundu lama fuyusi ntchito mofanana mu AC. Mphamvu bokosi magazini mwachibadwa kuchuluka kwa 100 (kapena ngakhale 200 easel chimake). Mphamvu nerassypnoy zidutswa za makatiriji tepi 50, kudzera kwambiri umene pali pawiri ake. Pakuti mayiko, ndi zina yonyamula katundu khasu. PC okonzeka ndi makina mfuti pamaso, chipangizo ofanana pa makina boma, koma pali zina phiri usiku akuonadi chipangizo. Magawowa kamangidwe ka mbuyo ali ndi kudzera-kagawo. Palinso zinthu zazing'ono kamangidwe, koma ambiri mlingo wa kugwirizana kwa nyemba ndi lalikulu kwambiri, ambiri a mbali ndi mosinthana, amene kwambiri facilitates yokonza ndi kukonza. Mfuti makina kenako akumasula zochotseka mbiya ndi yosalala, popanda yozizira nthiti, ndipo ali ndi lalikulu khoma makulidwe.

thanki

Mfuti Modern Choncho osati kwambiri wogwirizana, komanso applicable kugwira ntchito ndi m'mikhalidwe yosiyana. PC chitsanzo makina mfuti - "PTP", anayamba mu 1969, cholinga ntchito ngati zida zina organic magalimoto oti muli nazo zida. mphamvu ya kutali operekedwa ndi choyambitsa magetsi. Pankhaniyi adalira mwina, ngati zomuthandiza kuti boma oyenda wapachiyambi, kuika zinthu Ufumuyo zonse (mbuyo bipod, khasu). Izi zachitika pa nkhondo mofulumira kwambiri, msonkhano ndi yosavuta. Kusiyana kwa zinachitika tichipeza mu kusinthidwa potulukira msonkhano, oyesa kuchepetsa utsi kubwera ku nyumba oti muli nazo zida. Mbiya ya Baibulo thanki ya wautali ndi ankawonjezereka.

Zosintha zina

Kuyambira PC, mukhoza kuwombera ngati makina mfuti ndi ndodo bipod, ndi kutsamira pa zipangizo zina ziziyenda mzere wa moto. Poyamba, Buku makina-miyendo itatu inaperekedwa, anamanga ES Samozhenkovym, zabwino kwambiri, koma zovuta. A Baibulo zanthawi ya chimango akufuna by L. Stepanov, amene yafupika kulemera kwa makilogalamu oposa atatu. Komanso pali njira bronetransporterny otchedwa PKB.

Kwa zaka ziwiri ntchito lankhondo la asilikali zapanga maganizo osiyanasiyana kusintha makhalidwe a zida, ena mwa iwo amalandiridwa, kumene munthu amasonyeza mwa malamulo a nkhondo. Choncho mfuti PC makina ndi PKK, ndi mutu kalata zina "H", ndi cholinga chowapatsa usiku pamaso (NSPU kapena ndime-3), PCB lakonzedwa kuti kuwombera pa ndege la mdani.

World pa

Cholinga zizindikiro mfuti ali motere:

Standard likungosonyeza ndi 7.62mm. Kulemera popanda zipangizo zina (otchedwa "thupi") - 9 makilogalamu. mfuti Utali - 1173 mm. chipolopolo ndi inapita patsogolo mu mbiya kuti liwiro la 825 m / s. Pamene kuwombera mlingo 650 rds. / Min nkhondowo mlingo (pafupifupi) ndi 250 rds. / Min. Umalimbana moto kusungidwa patali kwa 1 Km 300 m.

Mkulu ntchito makhalidwe a makina mfuti ndiponso kudalirika modabwitsa zinthu zimathandiza kuti kutchuka kwake mu madera osiyana a dziko. Kuwonjezera zitsanzo za ntchitozo mu USSR, ndipo akubwera pansi Mapangano katundu ku Vietnam, Egypt, Libya (ndipo ambiri kumene), imene Baibulo, anapereka m'mayiko ena pansi chilolezo. Nthawi dzina linasinthidwa Mwachitsanzo, "Mtundu 80" (PRC), kapena "M 84" (Yugoslavia). Mu Bulgaria ndi Romania Iwo amapangidwa ngati Kalashnikov makina mfuti.