Rationality - ndi njira yosankha yothetsera mulingo woyenera

Rationality - ndi mfundo zovuta pamaso pa kusanthula sayansi. Komabe, kuyang'ana pa izo kwa maganizo a chikumbumtima yosavuta, inu mukhoza kuganiza kuti ndi zophweka kwambiri.

tanthauzo

Rationality - ndi ndondomeko zina za zochita pa kuphedwa kwa mutu umene lisankha njira imodzi, ngati ilipo nthawi yomweyo, wina kuti chimatengedwa ngati mukonda. Malingana ndi chiphunzitso Hayek za makhalidwe zomveka ayenera umalimbana kupeza chifukwa yeniyeni. Tikumbukenso kuti rationality - ichi ndi khalidwe wabwinobwino, sipangakhalenso kuphunzira mawu a kudziŵa malamulo a chenicheni mu chuma.

Mitundu chachikulu cha khalidwe zomveka

Choncho, mu chiphunzitso zachuma zikuphatikizapo mitundu ofunika khalidwe zomveka: kutsatira zina zofuna zawo ndi rationality yokha.

Taganizirani njira izi mwatsatanetsatane. Choncho, rationality zachuma imatengedwa ngati njira zitatu:

• Maximization tiyenera kusankha njira zabwino za njira zina zonse zilipo. mfundo imeneyi pa maziko a chiphunzitso neoclassical, mu mutu wa ukufanizidwa ndi kuzigwiritsa ntchito zina, ndi ogula - ndi Kugawilidwa kwanthaka chuma pakati pa mitundu ina ya zachuma. Pamene kukhathamiritsa uyu ayenera kukhala traceable pamisinkhu onse rationality kubalana.
• Njanjira rationality - chofunika anatengera chiphunzitso chuma mu mawonekedwe a ndalama ndikupeleka. mawonekedwe Izi zikusonyeza chilakolako wothandizira chuma zinthu rationally, komabe wapereka kuthekera kwa malire.
• Organic rationality wapeza ntchito zake Nelson ziphunzitso, Zima ndi Alchian mu kutsatira ndondomeko zamoyo zinachita mu makampani osakwatira ndiponso angapo.

Yotsirizira mitundu iwiri rationality azigwirizana. Koma ntchito kukwaniritsa zolinga za chikhalidwe chosiyana. Kuphunzira mabungwe awo koyenera kukhazikitsa njira kuchepetsa ndikupeleka ndalama otsatira chiphunzitso neoclassical, koma akuluakulu a Austria School chimagwiritsidwa ntchito zotsimikizirira viability wa mabungwe awo.

Rationality mu dera zachuma

Rationality mu chuma khalidwe anthu amatsatila osati kwa kuwerengetsera yeniyeni. Ena zochitika ndi zinthu zikhoza anachita mchikakamizo cha mfundo munthu, maganizo, ndi zinthu zina psyche lapansi. Kuyambira akuona kunja kapena zochita munthu wina akhoza kumwedwa ndi ayesedwa pamene zopanda chilungamo komanso n'kosathandiza.

Oyambitsa chiphunzitso zachuma, izo inafotokoza kuti mu moyo zachuma a anthu, pali zinthu zimene zimalimbikitsa nthaŵi zambiri zochita zopanda nzeru. Mwachitsanzo, Adam Smith anapatsidwa thandizo la nzeru zotsatira za chilamulo ntchito pakati pa alimi ena komanso pakati pa ogula ndi Mlengi, wogula ndi wogulitsa. Chiphunzitso linkadziwika kuti "chiphunzitso cha mtengo pobereka" anapereka ndalama zokwana mtengo - nthawi chofunika kupanga mankhwala. Pankhaniyi, asayansi anavomereza kuti pa nthawi yomweyo moyenera nthawi imene pali wina, phindu zotengera malingaliridwe a katundu ndi wogula ndi Mlengi.