Real kuwonongeka. Collection kuwonongeka kwenikweni

Losses akuzindikiridwa katundu mavuto aakulu akuwuka mogwirizana ndi kuphwanya ufulu wa nkhaniyi. Iwo akutumikira monga mbali ya kapangidwe khalidwe wrongful, ngati zinachititsa kuwachititsa. Tiganizire moposera kuti zomvetsa kuimira mawonekedwe kuwonongeka kwenikweni.

mwachidule

Mu malamulo a mayikowo kumawononga zochitika cholinga ndi muyeso wa udindo. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti malipiro awo zonse. Kuchira chimawononga lenileni Choncho, zimalimbikitsa kubwezeretsa kwa udindo chuma cha woberedwa, kuchibweretsa icho boma wapachiyambi (pamaso kuphwanya kwa).

tanthauzo

The Civil Code zomvetsa anatchula ndalama kuti mudzagwiritse ufulu wa ndani akhala linaphwanya, wavutika kapena adzayenera kupatsidwa kuti achire katundu wake. Iwo amatchedwanso kuwonongeka kapena imfa ya chuma kapena imfa ya phindu, chimene chingalowe m'mitima munthu m'mikhalidwe wabwinobwino wa zolowa, ngati zofuna zake sanali kukanakhala kumuphwanyira. tanthauzo umenewu uli nkhaniyi. 15 Code. Choncho, malamulo waima kumawononga lenileni ndi phindu anataya.

anataya ndalama

kuwonongeka zenizeni ndi phindu anataya zinthu zingapo mwa zinthu zapadera. Mfundo yonse za imfa ya ndalama zimene zinalembedwa plenary Watsimikiza nambala 25 ya onyamula Mphamvu 23.06.2015 chikalata ananena kuti tanthauzo la Art. 15 phindu monga otaika kuzindikira ndalama Uncollected, zomwe adakula Unyinji wa nkhani katundu, amene bwino wakhala chosemphana ngati khalidwe wrongful sanali. Popeza tikulankhula za imfa ya ndalama, mu chigamulocho milandu zokhudza malipiro ake, muyenera kuganizira kudziwanso ake, amene amatipatsa pomweo zambiri waukali ndiponso ali ndi chikhalidwe probabilistic. chochitika ichi sitingathe wokha kutumikira monga maziko kukana ntchito. Ngati munthu amene waphwanya bwino wodandaulayu, anapatsidwa mogwirizana ndi oletsedwa awo amachita ndalama khalidwe, munthuyo ali ndi ufulu wotilamula malipilo pamodzi ndi kumawononga ena imfa ya phindu mu kuchuluka osachepera ndalama. Kuona imfa ya phindu, khoti ayenera musangoganizira ndalama kuthekera komanso ndalama, zomwe ndi zofunika kuzipeza. Pankhani ya si kuthetsa ndalama malipiro zikhoza anakana.

kuwonongeka leni: ndi Civil Code la Chitaganya cha Russian

Malinga ndi Art. 393 Code nkhani ayenera zoperewerazo ndi ngongole zomvetsa chifukwa si ntchito kapena ntchito molakwika ndikupeleka. udindo ziwalo akuwuka kwa mgwirizano mu ulemu wa kuvulazidwa, komanso pa malo zina chifukwa malamulo. Recent zafotokozeredwa Art. 8 GK. Pakuti chifukwa cha yatsoka udindo, makamaka zochita za matupi boma ndi nyumba boma, misonkhano chisankho, milandu, ndi isanayambike zomwe malamulo nawo maonekedwe a zotsatira chilamulo boma, ndi zina zotero.

Features umboni

Pamene malangizo a ntchito ndi chofunikira kulipira kumawononga (kumawononga chenicheni) kuti odandaula ayenera kupereka zipangizo zotsimikizira:

1. Wrongfulness khalidwe.
2. Khrisu pakutchulidwa zoipa ndi kufunika kwake.
3. Kugwirizana pakati pa ntchito / wongokhala ndi zotsatira zake.

Kuchuluka ndi mtundu wa umboni kuti pomweo ayenera kupereka zidzadalira zinthu zomwe kwenikweni kuwonongeka kwenikweni: otaika kapena kuonongeka katundu, anatenga ndalama zina ndi zina zotero. mndandanda wa malongosoledwe operekedwa mu Kusankha dzuwa chiwerengero 6/8 la 07.01.1996 Mu Para. 10 umanena kuti kuwonongeka kwenikweni zikuphatikizapo osati ndalama zenizenizo anapalamula woberedwa, komanso ndalama kuti adzakhala amakhala kwa kubwezeretsa ufulu wawo wolambira Mulungu. zinthu izi tiyenera kuziganizira posankha milandu zokhudzana amanena kuti malipiro kuwonongeka. Kufunika kwa zigawo mtengo wa kuwonongeka leni kuyenela zikutsimikiziridwa ndi anapezazo ndi umboni wina. Monga yotsirizira akhoza kupanga kafukufuku wa ndalama chofunika kuthetsa kupanda malonda, pangano kukhazikitsa udindo kulephera kukwaniritsa udindo, ndi zina zotero.

Mu ndondomeko ya kutsimikizira kukula ndi mfundo za pakutchulidwa zoipa ayenera kuganizira zinthu zosiyanasiyana Para. 49 kusamvana pamwambapa. Malinga ndi iwo, kuwonongeka kwenikweni ndi kuwamva monga mowa, umene anavutika ndi akuvutika chifukwa cha chilengedwe. Choncho, ngati linaphwanya ufulu chikuyembekezeka kuchira kudzera kupeza chuma ena kapena ntchito / ntchito, mtengo ake adzakhala malinga ndi ndondomeko anapereka chifukwa Art. 393, Para. 3 Code, ndi milandu kumene tsiku la kanthu kapena chisankho ndalama leni anakhumudwitsa akuvutika komabe alibe.

Chofunikanso

Ndi N. 3 tbsp. 393 Code kupatulapo ngati tasonyeza anatsimikiza ndi lamulo, malamulo ena kapena mwa pangano, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa imfa ayenera kuganizira mitengo zinalili mu malo anali kukwaniritsa udindo, pa tsiku la alipire zaufulu wa ngongole zonena za ngongole a. Ngati yotsirizira sizichitika, amatengedwa nkhani mtengo wapatali chimene anali kwenikweni pa tsiku la kugonjera ntchito ku khoti. Popeza zochitika, ulamuliro ovomerezeka akhoza akhutitse zoti malipilo zomvetsa pamaziko a mitengo ofala pa tsiku la chisankho.

Mtengo wa malipilo

Munthu kubweretsa chonena, kungafunikire watilakwira zoperewerazo weniweni (thupi) kuwonongeka kwathunthu ngati malamulo kapena mgwirizano sasamalira ocheperako. lamulo ili tiyenela kuiganizila molumikizana ndi Art. 400 wa Civil Code. Malinga mwakale:

1. Kwa ena maudindo, kuphatikizapo zokhudza zinthu zina, Lamulo likhoza kudziikira malire pa okwana imfa chipukuta misozi.
2. Mgwilizano kuchepetsa udindo wa ngongole pansi pophatikizana pangano ndi zochita zina zomwe ndi ngongole ndi anthu zachilengedwe kumachita monga ogula ndi, amaona null alionse, malinga kukula kwa udindo pa anatsimikiza ndi malamulo kapena ali anamaliza pakutchulidwa cha mavuto amene amayambitsa zotsatira zoipa omwe sanali ntchito kapena ntchito molakwika ntchito .

zitsanzo

Milandu izi zakonzedwa mu malamulo ngati ngongole ndi ufulu wotilamula kwa ngongole kuti reimburse ndi mwachindunji kuwonongeka kwenikweni kwathunthu womangika:

1. Art. 78 la Civil Code. Assignee (m'malo) kwa membala ambiri mgwirizano udindo udindo pamaso kaphatikizidwe mbali mutu, ndipo malinga ndi nkhani. 75, N. 2 adzakhala chipani udindo inathetsedwa therefrom, mwa zomwe zapita katundu.
2. Malinga ndi Art. 354 Malonda Kutumiza Code a udindo wa shipowner ndi salvor okha ndi zofunika za kuti malamulo inakhazikitsa mu Art. 355.
3. Ngati ntchito molakwika kapena kulephera kuchita ntchito zimene chilango, ndi kuwonongeka kwenikweni imalipidwa kufika si ataphimbidwa ndi izo. Lamulo kapena mgwirizano akhoza anatsimikiza mtima zosiyanasiyana milandu. Mwachitsanzo, analola kuchira chilango basi, koma osati imfa, pamene akhoza chofunika azilipira kuwonongeka njira yonse pa izo, komanso kusankha wovulalayo angathe kubwezeretsedwanso kapena icho kapena chinacho.

mokoma

Tikumbukenso kuti chidwi ntchito ndalama zakunja ayenera kugoletsa khalidwe. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuwonongeka lenileni la Civil Code amalola azilipira mbali chabe kuti si anaphimba nawo. malo Izi N. 2 tbsp. 395 wa Code ndipo p. 50 BC Watsimikiza nambala 6, ndi Plenum wa 01/07/1996, chiwerengero 8. enieni kuwonongeka anapalamula bungwe kapena nzika mogwirizana ndi zochita oletsedwa / inactions a boma, makonsolo kapena wogwila ntchito ku nyumba izi, kuphatikizapo buku mwake malamulo a mchitidwe malamulo, adzakhala phunziro malipilo ndi Russian Federation, nkhani Russian Federation kapena boma. Makonzedwe amenewa ali Art. 16 Code.

jurisprudence

ulamuliro Authorized anali zimafika zochita kale mokomera Chakuamba amene akufuna azilipira kuwonongeka lenileni ndi imfa ya ndalama pansi mapangano kuwombola. Khotilo linanena kuti wogulitsa-wokongoza sanathe kutsimikizira pakutchulidwa zomvetsa ndalama anakhumudwitsa pa kusakhulupirika ndi udindo wa ngongole zokhudza kubweranso kwa masheya a. Choncho, kukana yofunsira m'Malemba ndi kulephera kupereka akuthandiza zolembedwa.

A Chakuamba anapempha chofunika pa azilipira kumawononga enieni chifukwa cha yosungirako zosayenera malo amene anagwidwa ndi la feduro thupi wamkulu. ntchito anapatsidwa, popeza kulanda katundu si osapatsidwa udindo pa imfa chifukwa cha kulephera ovomerezeka pansi kapangidwe ka zinthu wawo. The kuwonongeka kwenikweni kunaganiziridwa ndi odandaula ngati kusiyana pakati pa mtengo kugula ndi leni kugulitsa mtengo wa mankhwala kuonongeka. ndalama Unearned ndi wodandaulayu anatsimikiza mtengo wofanana ndi mtengo kudziŵidwa katundu wabwino, alipo pa msika. Pankhaniyi, izo deducted zagotovitelskie ndalama katundu ndi mtengo kugula.

Chitsanzo chotsatirachi chikukhudza wounikira zosayenera m'mabwalo a wotsutsana ndi mtsutso causal kugwirizana pakati pa zochita zake ndi pakutchulidwa ya mavuto mu mawonekedwe a kuvulaza odandaula ndi. Malinga ndi mapeto luso chifukwa cha kugunda kwa sitima ndi ngolo, chifukwa cha zomwe wodandaulayu ali zinawonongeka weniweni, izo zikusonyeza kukhalapo kwa monyanyira mu zochita / inactions a wotsutsana ndi makasitomala. Last ya mgwirizano ankaganiza ntchito kupereka malangizo pa ntchito ya sitima ya. M'mikhalidwe pamwamba, ziweruzo mu mulanduwo, sangatengedwe kukhala achilungamo. Pa nkhani imeneyi, ayenera kugonjera Kulipira, ndi zipangizo za mlanduwo - malangizo kwa mlandu kwa Poyamba phunziro amafuna anati, chizindikiritso cha zochitika zenizeni zimene zinachitika ndi kufufuza umboni operekedwa.

Nthawi zina

Mu apilo wodandaulayu, amene ndi bankirapuse trasti amatanthauza ndikosatheka kukhazikitsa kuchuluka chimawononga. Kutsimikizira nkhani anatchula mfundo yakuti mgwirizanowo imene chipani chachiwiri kuchita monga gulu yomanga nawo, sanali kutha. Zimene takambiranazi cassation satenga monga FL "Pa bankirapuse" sipakhala kuti mtengo imfa kuletsa kolowera ngati nkhani si anakanizidwa ndi zikhalidwe za iwowo. Komanso, malinga ndi nkhani. 201,6 wa Act anali kukonzedwa. N'kuwatengera ku nkhani, ophunzira zomangamanga angagwire kupezeka pamisonkhano wa angongole ndi kukhala ndi chiwerengero cha mavoti anatsimikiza malinga ndi kuchuluka lolipiridwa ndi mapulogalamu pansi pangano kupereka kulanda katundu kapena katundu operekedwa ndi kampani utumiki komanso ukulu wa zomvetsa mu mawonekedwe a kuwonongeka kwenikweni. Iwo anaika pansi Art. 201,5, p. 2. mfundo zonsezi anatengedwa pamodzi amati pamaso pa zofunikira za kulanda malo ndi nerastorgnutogo mgwirizano adzakhala kukhala cholepheretsa kudziwa kuchuluka chimawononga enieni.

Akuti imfa mikangano malipilo zambiri amagwirizana ndi malo. Mwachitsanzo, mu Art. 161 h. 1 LCD anatsimikiza kuti kasamalidwe wa chokhwima ayenera omwe ndi otetezeka ndi yabwino moyo kwa anthu, kukonza malo wamba bwino, njira ya zokhudza ntchito yake, komanso makonzedwe a mtchalitchi anapereka.

A Chakuamba anatchula ntchito ku khoti chifukwa kumawononga akuwuka kwa ngozi mu ozizira madzi chitoliro. Court zoperekedwa zinafufuzidwanso. Panthawi, khoti ovomerezeka mwapatsidwa amanena wodandaulayu, kuti zimadzetsa vuto lalikulu kampani kasamalidwe.

Pomaliza

Judicial mchitidwe limasonyeza kuti mtsutso za malipilo chimawononga lenileni ndi phindu anataya pafupipafupi ankaona akuluakulu udindo. The mavuto chachikulu anathetsera milandu zimachitika pa siteji ya kusonkhanitsa ndi kupereka umboni kulungamitsa malo mwa magulu. Pankhaniyi, mu zofuna za aliyense wa mkangano - kubweretsa nambala pazipita mfundo mtima wake. Kumene, iwo kukhala ncho mwalamulo.

chidwi linaperekedwa kwa kuwerengetsera wa akatswiri amalangiza. Kuwerengetsera kofunika kuti osati kuwononga weniweni, komanso poyerekezera ndi kuchuluka kuyembekezera kuti anakhala kubwezeretsa ufulu. Mofanana kwambiri ndi lolondola mawerengedwe a phindu anataya.

Pa nthawi yomweyo ayenera kuti ambiri mikangano ya samafuna bwalo chifukwa zipani sikungathetse zonse mwamtendere. Akatswiri amalangiza kuti, ngati zinthu kuloleza kutsogolera phunziro loyamba, breached maudindo ake amanena. Kuyenera analozera malamulo a zochita / zosiyidwa, ndi kudziwa malipilo ndi nthawi mkati amene ayenera kuperekedwa. Ngati njira imeneyi sangakwanitse kuthetsa mkangano, m'pofunika kupita kukhoti.