Reichstag - Nyumba ya Malamulo German, ndipo chikumbumtima chathu

Kuti anthu athu akuchita mawu "Reichstag"? Izi kumwamba mu utsi, mkokomo wa "Katyusha" bingu la chowomberedwa ndi mfuti, namthamangira waukulu masitepe asilikali onyamula moto wofiira mbendera. Chinthu ichi chinali chinaonekeranso otsogolera luso mafilimu za nkhondo zambirimbiri. Pakuti nzeru zonse za ambiri a iwo, ponena za chifanizirocho ntchito kwambiri ndi luso la zisudzo la, Makanema awa akadali lonyozeka kwa limaonetseratu wakuda ndi woyera mbiri zopelekedwa kanema mu 1945.

Reichstag pambuyo pa nkhondo

Nkhondo itatha, tsogolo la nyumba otchuka anali wachisoni. Iwo kalekale anaima dilapidated, alibe mzikiti, kumene asilikali Soviet anaika mbendera kuwina. Reichstag, mwina lero palibe munthu anakhoza onani, ngati vuto kwa kubwezeretsedwa, amawatenga Nyumba ya Malamulo German. Kunali koyenera kukachititsa referendum, panali atatu. zaka zisanu ndi zinayi pambuyo chigonjetso cha mabwinja akale a nyumba anaganiza kuti aphulitsa, ngakhale tsoka kutsutsana ake anali oopsa. Othandiza kuwonongedwa kwa chipilala ku German zomangamanga lachifumu makamaka anatsindika mfundo kuti amagwirizana ndi Nazi zapitazi, pamene adani awo anakana potchula monga mfundo imene odziwika mbiriyakale kuti Adolf Hitler sankadzudzulako pa rostrum aphungu. Pa nthawi yomweyo akuluakulu onse, motsimikizira kapena wonse, ndi anawawidwa a mbendera Soviet pa Reichstag, kapena m'malo chokumbukira iye. Kugonjetsedwa kwa dziko lawo, ngakhale ndi mbiriyakale wolungamitsidwa ndi zomveka, ndi zosasangalatsa.

Izo sizinali mpaka zaka zao za sikisite lapansi. Mlembi wa polojekiti kutsitsimutsa boma German unakhala chizindikiro cha Paulo Baumgarten, ndipo anapitiriza nkhani ya Norman oterewa.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Germany - boma wamng'ono, ndi zochepa zaka zoposa United States, osanenapo Russia. Monga m'dziko limodzi, izo wakhalapo kuyambira 1871. Mofanana lalifupi mbiri ndi demokalase German: yamalamulo anayamba kugwira ntchito yake mu 1884, nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Bismarck. Pa nthawi mapangidwe anasonkhana kuchokera m'zigawo munthu ndi maukulu a dziko panali lingaliro kutchula pa mwala mtundu waukulu m'tsogolo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mpikisano kapangidwe anapambana ndi wamanga anachokera ku Russia, koma kukhazikitsa chake Sunakhalepo, pachifukwa ichi, zokonda zapatsidwa kwa Germany ukakhoze Paulo Wallot, National. Kuchedwa adanyamuka chifukwa cha kukomoka Chiwerengero Radzinsky, amene sankafuna polekanitsa ndi dziko, monga mphatso kwa mfumu. mwana wake sanali amasiyana tractability Iye anateteza mfundo ya bambo ake mochedwa, koma ndi 1882 anatha kutsimikizira kuti Reichstag - nkhani zokhudza mtundu, ndi malo ayenera kugulitsa. Mwala woyamba anayakira Wilhelm I. Iwo anamanga nyumba zazikulu kwa zaka khumi.

moto

Ambiri mwa maulosi kugwedeza dziko, koma nkhondo World, yomwe inayamba mu 1914, waposa iwo. Akukhudza Germany, izo zinabweretsa oipa kwambiri, ndi zipolowe dziko linayamba. Mphamvu ya Chikomyunizimu ku Germany pa mavuto azandale makumi ndi chiyambi cha khumi zikubwerazi unakula.

Adolf Hitler, analandira malo Chancellor a akufooketsa wa Hindenburg okalamba, anachita mantha ndi lamanzere. Iye vutoli chabe - by akatiputa wosazindikira Komabe, anavutika Reichstag. Icho chinali moto, mlandu umene akutchedwa achiwembuwo anayi, Germany atatu ndi wa ku Netherlands wina, achikomyunizimu. nyumbayi yapsya chake nyumba katundu zobala anali kwambiri kuonongeka. Moti Anazi wopereka anachita kuwotcha dala, koma podziteteza palibe anamvera, boma latsopano wachita zinthu dziko.

Full kubwezeretsa wa chipilala mapulani kuti Hitler adaganiza kuti titsatire. madongosolo Ake sanalembe ndi kuphatikiza wa demokalase, amene chotengera akhoza kukhala msonkhano dziko, ndipo ndi tanthauzo la mawu "Reichstag".

Malo autographs

Aukali kumenyana pa itachita wa Berlin pafupifupi anamaliza chiwonongeko, mudayamba 1933. Pa bwinja la nyumba, malinga ndi utsi wa asilikali Soviet anapanga zolemba ambiri chamadzulo tingadziwe kumenyana njira (zina Moscow ndi Volga). Osati zilembo zonse autographs akhoza lofalitsidwa chifukwa cha okhutira lexical ena a iwo lero, koma Red Army zochepa chabe choko amene yophika pa shawa. Kwa ulemerero wa akuluakulu German, ambiri mwa makalata mu 1945 akadali anasunga zikumbutso za zoopsa za kunkhondo. Panalinso maganizo kukhala zinthu monga iwo aliri, kumangiriza kwa mbadwa.

The Reichstag anali ankamangidwanso kanayi. Kuyambira mu 1972, Yehova anagwira ntchito Institute of History German, denga linali lathyathya, makolo ukulu mu mawonekedwe a kuchepa. A moyo watsopano inayamba mu 1992, pambuyo reunification a kum'mawa ndi mbali Western wa dziko kumene umodzi. Tsopano Reichstag - malo nkhani zandale anathana, ndi kutsutsana ndi malamulo a boma akutengedwa. Kenako kachiwiri korona mzikiti, amene akuimirira anthu German. Izo zachitika wamanga ake British Norman oterewa.

Reichstag ndi luso chi

Nzika za Germany ano, ophunzira mu mwambo European demokalase Safunsa mafunso okhudza moyenera zochitika, monga ukufanizidwa ndi American Hristo Yavoshevym, pazifukwa zina, mu 1995, akusandutsa Reichstag polypropylene filimu siliva. miliyoni asanu Berlin ndi alendo anayang'ana pa m'maso Kusonyeza yeniyeni kutengeka kudabwa kokha khama kulemera polima (60 m) ndi malo pamwamba (100 zikwi. Meter).

Komabe pali watsopano Nyumba yamalamulo mbali imodzi ya mpanda, ndipo kufika zatsopano sizipanga ngakhale kwambiri akamapeza okonda ojambula zithunzi. Iwo Tingaone pansi wosanjikiza mandala ndi zolemba yomweyo asilikali opambana. Iwo, ngakhale mfundo zambiri, anali oterewa, lomaliza reconstructor Reichstag, pokumbukira Nkhondo Yaikulu.