"Robinson Crusoe": wolemba analemba?

Masiku ano palibe kugwirizana za zimene chaka anabadwa Daniel Defoe, wolemba English, bwino kwa Owerenga mu malo oyamba monga woyambitsa wa buku "Robinson Crusoe". Ena amaganiza kuti 1660, pamene biographers zina ndi mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti Daniel Fo anabadwa mu 1661 ku London. Inde musadabwe, palibe typos m'lembali. Dzina lenileni la wolemba wotchuka - Fo.

Childhood ndi unyamata

Atate Daniel anali kugulitsa nyama ndi ndinalota kuti mwana wake adzakhala m'busa, kotero achinyamata Danieli analembetsa ku seminale. Mu Academy Morton, limene lili Stoke Newington, wolemba tsogolo la "Robinson Crusoe" Ndinaphunzira Greek, Latin ndi mabuku. Koma, ikutha zaka 19 ya Academy, Daniel Fo akuyamba kuchita zinthu entrepreneurial.

Wabizinesi ndipo pamphleteer

Njira yoyamba zamalonda kuti amachita monga kalaliki mu hosiery wamalonda, kumene anaphunzitsidwa ndizosowa malonda ntchito. Kwa nthawi yoyamba amapanga maulendo yekha zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuti Portugal, Italy, Spain ndipo France. Kenako Daniel Fo kugula fakitale kwa kupanga masitonkeni, ndiye mbewu kwa kupanga matailosi ndi njerwa. Adventurer mwa chibadwa, Bambo Fo pakuika ntchito n'ngwokayikitsa kwa nthawi ndi chifukwa amakhala zinatha.

Kulephera patsogolo malonda, musati kukokera kalipeti pansi pa mapazi a Daniel. Kuwonjezera malonda chidwi kwambiri novelist m'tsogolo moyo ndale za dziko. Wake ntchito ndale anauzidwa ndi ulamuliro wa King James II, iye analemba ndakatulo satirical ndi timabuku, amene amanyozedwa yachifumu ndi apamwamba kulamulira. Wotchuka kwambiri a iwo amakhala olembedwa mu 1701. "thoroughbred England". Kapepalako anali apakhungu kuti aboma alamulidwa wolemba pillory chimphona alipire ndalama komanso m'ndende mpaka kuphedwa kwa zilango onse. Kuima womangidwa kwa pillory ndi, pamphleteer anaona nzika ya London anamupatsa chisoni ndiponso kukuthandizani. kupanga wake anakomoka: chomera potsiriza zinatha, pamene mwini anali m'ndende.

ufulu wawo zoona, Daniel anakakamizika Fo Minister ndi Sipikala wa Nyumba ya Commons, Robert Harley. Wokamba anatulutsa wolemba m'ndende ndipo anam'patsa ntchito ya wothandizila chinsinsi ku Scotland ndi ku England. Mu 1704, mayina zachinyengo anawonjezera De tinthu, kotero mwini anaganiza dzina kutsindika chiyambi chake lolemera. Ndipo m'chaka chomwecho anaikidwa mu magaziniyo "The Review". Apo iye ntchito mpaka 1713, iye analemba ndi kusintha nkhani kukhala odziwika ndemanga ndale. Limodzi ndi ntchito ya yofalitsa Defoe analemba mabuku zolembalemba.

Buku loyamba

Mu 1719 izo imafalitsidwa buku loyamba la wolemba - ". Robinson Crusoe" wolemba bwino loti. dzina Danielya Defo ali m'gulu mbiri ya mabuku dziko. Popularity sanali kokha wolemba, komanso Robinson Crusoe. wolemba anapereka protagonist indomitable chikhalidwe ndi chilakolako cha moyo. Pa funde la bwino buku loyamba Defoe yomweyo umabala kupitiriza kwa moyo wa protagonist wa - "The Zopatsa Chidwi Komanso wa Robinson Crusoe" ndipo chaka chotsatira, wolemba analemba, ". Aakulu M'mbuyo pa Moyo ndi chachirendo Anayamba Zopatsa Chidwi cha Robinson Crusoe, kuphatikizapo masomphenya ake a dziko angelo" Koma ntchito amenewa sanali kuuzira owerenga.

Dziko lonse amaganiza kuti protagonist wa buku "Robinson Crusoe" Danieli Defoe ndi - khalidwe lenileni. Pa maziko a mankhwala ndi wa nkhani yomwe chinachitika ndi yapamadzi wina. anthu ochepa mukudziwa kuti kunja kwa cholembera mbuye anafika ngakhale ntchito zazikulu monga "Odala courtesan", "Joy ndi chisoni mol Flanders", "Mbiri ya msilikali Jack" ndi ena. Koma chachikulu ndi panali buku lakuti "Robinson Crusoe". Woyambitsa ndi khalidwe lake anadutsa moyo pamodzi.

The novelist wotchuka anafa umphawi ndi chisokonezeko, ali ndi zaka 71, mu London.