Roman lupanga "Gladius": mbiriyakale ndi kufotokoza chida

Mwambiriyakale, mkulu mlingo wa maphunziro, mmene kukumana wangwiro ndi njira legionaries Ufumu wa Roma. Ofunika kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino yokopa ambiri ankhondo a Roma anali ndi khalidwe la zida za nkhondo yake. Mmodzi wa ambiri pamene zida, amene m'chinyumba ichi ogwira ake, ndi lupanga Roma.

luso opanga

lupanga Roma, poyerekeza ndi Acelt yomweyo, ankaona kuti cholimba. Pa kulipira kumvera malamulo onse a blacksmithing: gulu zitsulo homogenized ntchito Mipikisano wosanjikiza cm ndi kuumitsa. Blacksmiths komanso ntchito ndondomeko holide.

zipangizo

amisiri wakale chinkhoswe kupanga zosiyanasiyana chida kuboola yodula, anali ndi lingaliro momveka bwino zimene ayenera kukhala ndi khalidwe Roma lupanga. Mu lingaliro lawo, mtundu wa chida ayenera kukhala pakati zofewa ndi olimba kunja. Pakuti wosula iyu gulu zitsulo ntchito: izo wapangidwa ndi zovuta ndi yofewa sukulu. Mwaluso kusonkhanitsa n'kupanga zosiyanasiyana zitsulo ndi alternating iwo softness ndi kuuma, mbuye kenako kulenga kwambiri khalidwe Roma lupanga. chithunzi pansipa ndi ndondomeko ya kupanga zida wakale lero.

Kodi zolakwa kupanga zida yonyansa?

Mu blacksmithing Roma analibe kugwirizana. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mbuye analibe kudziwa zofunika ndi ankatsogoleredwa makamaka ndi kuyang'anila wazotsatira. Kulipira ndondomeko pa chiyambi cha nthawi yathu ino sanalembe zinthu za ukachenjede.

Ndipo komabe, ngakhale kuchuluka kwa katundu anakana, blacksmiths ku Roma opangidwa kwambiri khalidwe malupanga zitsanzo. Atagwa luso Ufumu imene Aroma lupanga analenga, izo lalandiridwa ndi mitundu ina ndi ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali.

"Gladius": m'mbiri

"Gladius" - wotchuka oyenda Lupanga la mfumu Tiberius. Kugwiritsa asilikali a Roma anali lupanga mu III. BC. e.

Limatchedwa "Gladius wa Mainz" (mzinda Germany, malo chida).

Mawuwo owoneka ngati lupanga Roma, zinachititsa ntchito pofukula ikuchitika m'deralo.

M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi pa dera la Mainz ikuchitika atagona pa sitima ya. Pa ntchito zinaonekeratu kuti njanji ya amakwiriridwa m'dera zobisika m'dziko la akale zapansi asilikali achiroma. Pa yomanga anapezeka lupanga dzimbiri mu m'chimake ndi mtengo.

makhalidwe a

Tiyeni tidziwe bwino makhalidwe zofunika zida:

• Tsamba kutalika ndi 57,5 masentimita;
• m'lifupi - 7 masentimita;
• makulidwe - 40 mamilimita;
• lupanga kukula - 70 masentimita;
• kulemera - 8 makilogalamu.

Ikukhala ngati lupanga Roma?

chithunzi m'munsimu limasonyeza maonekedwe a kamangidwe kunja zida zolawula.

mankhwala ndi okonzeka ndi awiri konsekonse tsamba ndi nthiti anatsindika. Pafupi ndi timafunitsitsa anati kuchepetsa mwapang'onopang'ono tsamba. Chogwirira ali ndi mawonekedwe ribbed ndi chikuphatikizapo recess wapadera kwa zala, amene amathandiza yabwino ndi otetezeka likhale zida pa nkhondo. Chachikulu ozungulira pommel, yomwe ili pa chogwirira, ntchito monga thandizo pamene wankhondo ndi anatulutsa wa tsamba la thupi mdani wake.

Hemispherical flattened laterally alonda chindiletsa zotheka slippage manja pamene amakankhira. Lupanga "Gladius" zokha kuti thupi lonse lili pafupi chogwirira. Zimenezi zinathandiza kuti mosavuta kusamalira magulu a asilikali pa kuchinga wake. "Gladius" - chida kwambiri pamene amakankhira ndi kutema kuukira.

Amene akuyimila scabbard chiyani?

Akatswiri a mbiri yakale amati "Gladius" Lupanga umafunika. Mwini wa chida imatengedwa kukhala mmodzi wa atsogoleri a osewera akunja, osati Tiberius. Koma dzina mankhwala anakhala naye chifukwa cha m'chimake, amene wakhala pampando wachifumu wa Rome Buku anayambitsa - Mfumu Oktavian Avgust ndi Tiberius, atavala zida. Kuwonjezera olamulira mu Ufumu wa Roma, pa scabbard zotsatirazi mulungu wa nkhondo Mars ndi mulungu wamkazi wa kupambana Victoria, amene Agiriki linali dzina la Nick. Mu pakati pa m'chimake mu mawonekedwe a zokometsera wozungulira baji ndi chithunzi cha Tiberiyo iwo unali. Patsinde - amange zidachitidwa zitsulo mu mawonekedwe a mlombwa wreath.

Kodi kuvala malupanga mu Ufumu wa Roma?

Kugwiritsa ntchito malupanga m'chimake okonzeka ndi mphete wapadera amene ali ananamizira popanga nthambi wokongola mlombwa kutsanzira nkhata. malupanga Roma kuchokera kwa magulu a asilikali anali Ufumuyo lamanja, ndi osankhika ndi asilikali atsogoleri - kumanzere.

Popeza 1866, Roma lupanga "Gladius" mu British Museum.