St. Petersburg zachifumu - ngale mapulani. ndi zokhalamo ku St. Petersburg chiyani?

St. Petersburg ndi mzinda zachifumu. Kuchokera pa chiyambi chake, Petulo ankakhala ku izo m'banja lachifumu, chilimwe ndi chisanu nyumba omwe adamangidwa chifukwa. Nyumba ndi kulenga chithunzi wapadera wa mzinda.

pepala Adzaperekedwa ku zachifumu wotchuka wa St. Petersburg. Mutawerenga zimene takambirana la nyumba maofesi, mudzaphunzila pang'ono za mbiri ya ku likulu kumpoto ndi zokonda zake. Ndipo ngati m'tsogolo kusankha kukaona St. Petersburg zachifumu, iwo adzachita chidwi ndi kukongola ndi mwanaalirenji ake Interiors. Pajatu aliyense ali wosiyana ndi ndi mwala kamangidwe ka mzinda.

Mikhailovsky Palace ku St. Petersburg

Mu 1719 pa malo pa nthawiyo ndi Mikhailovsky Palace, iye anagonjetsedwa ndi Peter Ine zipatso. Anatambasula pa Fontanka mtsinje Krivusha. Mu 1798 Paulo ndinaganiza kumanga mwana wake Michael pa malo nyumba. Ndipo adalamulira kusiya kaye ndi masauzande ambiri chaka chilichonse kumanga. Ndi 1819 kuti ali accrued kwambiri kuchuluka, koma pambuyo kulanda boma yachifumu, Paulo Ine anaphedwa.

Koma chifuniro cha mwayekha anali akadali ikuchitika ndi Alexander I, amene anayamba kumanga. Mikhailovsky Palace ku St. Petersburg inamangidwa chifukwa cha wamanga K. I. Rossi. nyumbayi cholinga kulenga malo Russian wopangidwa mwa thupi chachikulu ndi mapiko awiri lateral. Mu 1823 tinasamukira ntchito yomanga ndi mu 1825 anayamba mapeto. Pamwamba ulemerero mkati ntchito aluso, Osema, ambuye mipando, mwala-cutters. Pakhomo la nyumbayi pali masitepe lonse zopangidwa lubwe. Iwo chokongoletsedwa ndi zifaniziro ziwiri mkango pa mbali iliyonse. Mu 1895, akuluakulu yosainidwa ndi Nicholas II kuti yachifumu tsopano ndi Russian Museum wa Mfumu Alexander III.

Pa nthawi, kukaona nyumbayi, mudzapeza zosonkhanitsira yaikulu Russian luso, zojambula aluso amenewa wotchuka ngati A. Rublev, K. Bryullov, F. Shubin, Repin, Shishkin, Mikhail Vrubel, M. Chagall ndi ena ambiri .

Nest Stroganoff

Mwiniwake Werengerani Stroganov. Linamangidwa mu 1753. nyumbayi zikufotokozedwa monga chitsanzo changwiro cha Baroque Russian. polojekiti analengedwa ndi wamanga F. B. Rastrelli. Mpheroyi zipinda makumi asanu, ndi holo yaikulu ndi zomera. Zitasintha, iye anali ku ukapolo ku zake chisa banja Stroganoff banja. Palace anagonjetsa, anawononga olemera zopereka.

Kwa zaka zambiri nyumbayo ntchito ndi mabungwe a boma. Ndipo mu 1990, kwapatsidwa m'nyumbayi Russian. Iwo anapitiriza ulemerero wake kwa masiku athu okha kuvina holo.

Mariinsky Palace

Linamangidwa pa malo a nyumba ya Werengerani IG Chernyshev. Dzina anapatsidwa ulemu wa Mfumukazi Mary (mwana wamkazi wa Mfumu Nicholas I). Yomanga inayamba mu 1839. Pamene yomanga ntchito zaluso luso monga kudenga zitsulo. The chidwi mkati mwa nyumba yachifumu. The wamanga walenga ndi Maapatimenti wa zipinda. M'nyumba yachifumu kuti inali ngakhale mpingo, amene analengedwa mu mzimu wa mipingo Byzantine.

Pambuyo pa February utasintha anaikidwa mu nyumba kwa zaka zambiri, mabungwe a boma. Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1994, izo m'nyumba Assembly Zokonza wa St. Petersburg.

Yusupov Palace ku St. Petersburg

Poyamba, nyumba ina inamangidwa Chiwerengero P. I. Shuvalova. Ndiyeno ndinasamukira wotchuka AV Brannitskoy. zaka 35 pambuyo nyumba ya anagulidwa ndi Prince N. B. Yusupovym. Pa chilengedwe cha mwaluso ndi ife ntchito zina mapulani zabwino ndi zokongoletsera.

Ili Yusupov Palace ku St. Petersburg, ndicho pa Moika Mtsinje. nyumbayi ndi chimodzi mwa toyesa yabwino lolemera mkati.

December 17, 1916, chapansi pa nyumba yachifumu ankadziwika kuti chochitika onse - anaphedwa ndi Rasputin mwachinsinsi.

Mu nthawi yathu, choyamba - ndi zakale, kenako zisudzo, omwe akutipatsa zisudzo. M'bwalo anapulumuka kukongola chodabwitsa Interiors wapachiyambi wa XIX atumwi, amene bwino anatsegula kwa maukwati ndi zikondwerero zina.

Yozizira Palace

Izi muyezo abwino ndi apamwamba chenicheni. nyumba imangidwa kalembedwe Baroque. Kodi Zima Palace ku St. Petersburg, ndicho pa magombe a Zima Ngalande. chilengedwe ichi cha F. B. Rastreli wotchedwa mtima likulu kumpoto.

Palace kutalika mamita 200, kutalika - mamita 22, m'lifupi - mamita 160. Linamangidwa monga quadrangle a. Mkati ndi bwalo lalikulu. Pamakoma zinayang'ana mtsinje, pa Palace Square mu chitsogozo cha Admiralty. Ndipo momwe mwangwiro anaphedwa yokongola ndi! The wapakamwa lagawidwa ndi entablature, nakonza mizati gulu ndi amaayoni malamulo, zitsime zosambiramo, kuphatikizaponso stucco ziboliboli. Mkati wolemera zosiyanasiyana casings, Miphika kukongoletsa ndi mafano, kuchuluka kwa mbali kuumbidwa.

nyumbayi anamangidwanso nthawi zambiri. Pakali pano, ndi alendo ndi anthu a St. Petersburg amasirira nyumba chimodzi zaka 1754-1762. Aliyense mwini ankaona kuti ndi udindo wake podikira ulemerero mkati kusintha wanu. Pa maonekedwe ntchito mapulani bwino - Domenico Trezzini, AP Bryullov ndi V. P. Stasov.

Pa WWII nyumba yachifumu zowawa, anali ankamangidwanso. Pambuyo ulimi anatsimikizidwa ndi State Museum.

Pa nthawi imeneyi n'zotheka kuona kusonkhanitsa chuma cha zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho zakale, zojambula aluso wotchuka, mumasilira Interiors ya zipinda yachifumu ndi ziboliboli.

zovuta yachifumu Catherine

Ili Catherine Palace ku St. Petersburg, womwe kunja m'tauni ya Pushkin (Tsarskoye Selo). The kuti pa ntchito yomanga chilimwe okhala Catherine ndinapatsa mu 1717. nyumba zakonzedwa kuti angakwanitse mochedwa Baroque. Onse olamulidwa ndi munthu wamanga ku Germany I. F. Braunshteynom.

Mu 1743, Elizaveta Petrovna waganiza kukuza ndi kuikamo nyumba yachifumu. Ine analamula izi Russian wamanga Alexander Kvasov ndi M. Zemtsov. Mu 1752 F. B. Rastrelli anamanganso nyumba yachifumu, monga Mfumukazi ankaona kuti nyumbayi inali yachikale. Chifukwa cha dismantling a yaikulu latsopano yachifumu ano, amene ali kalembedwe Baroque Russian. Wazomangamanga amatenga kusankha mtima mtundu wapakamwa. Limagwiritsa ntchito kumwamba buluu mtundu, kaphatikizidwe ndi woyera ndi golide.

Buku yaikulu yomanga kuonekera patali. Zingamvekere Interiors, zomangamanga, minda. Zovuta yachifumu ndi abwino kwa maukwati mwanaalirenji. M'zipinda inu adzaonetsa wothwanima gilding, ofanana Timasangalalanso zambiri Timasangalalanso staircase chodabwitsa zodabwitsa khoma zokongoletsa.

yachifumu wazingidwa ndi paki lalikulu. Iwo ali zambiri ziboliboli, pavilions zosiyanasiyana, koma ulemerero waukulu - ndi Grotto, Hermitage, wotsika ndi Upper Bath.

Nkhondo yachiwiri itatha nyumba yachifumu anawonongedwa ndi anagonjetsa, koma chifukwa cha khama yaikulu lokonza wakhala kwambiri limzake.

Pa nthawi, mukhoza kukaona zotsatirazi zipinda chionetsero: Mpandowachifumu Hall ndi zojambula; chipinda chogona; woyera kutsogolo, wobiriwira ndi kapezi tebulo; ofitsiantskuyu; Amber Malo.

Mumakhalako Sheremetyeva

A malo, yomwe ili pa magombe a mtsinje Fontanka, anali mu 1721 m'manja Field polimbana BP Sheremetev pomanga nyumba. Sheremetev Palace ku St. Petersburg inamangidwa kuthokoza ntchito ndi wamanga F. S. Argunovym ndi S. I. Chevakinskim. Nyumbayo mu mzimu wa zomangamanga Russian. Wapakamwa chokongoletsedwa ndi stucco yokongola ndi yokongola mkati anasintha zonse, zochokera zokonda za eni. Pambuyo mibadwo isanu ndi moyo mkati mwa makoma awa. Mpaka 1917 nyumba yachifumu a mtundu wa Basi Sheremetev. Zitasintha, nyumba yachifumu wadutsa kuchokera ku dzanja m'manja. Mu 1990, analipereka kwa Museum wa Theatre ndi Music. Nthawi yomweyo anayamba ntchito yobwezeretsa. Recreating pa perete ndi chikumbutso Interiors cha XIX atumwi.

Panopa chionetsero m'bwalo ndi bungwe zitatu:

• Mbiri ya Sheremetievs banja kalonga;
• zosonkhanitsira zoimbira;
• chionetsero cha chopereka payekha.

Tauride Palace

Mpaka 1781 dzina anali - Hatchi alonda nyumbayi. Catherine II anadzatchedwa ndi Tauride. Zinali dziko okhala G. Potemkin. nyumbayi inali chidwi kukula ndi chidachitika mu kalembedwe classicism Russian. Wachita ntchito yomanga wamanga I. E. Starov.

Pa nkhope ya nyumba ya iye anali wapakamwa yosavuta wowuma mtima, kuseri kwake Amabisa wolemera mkati yokongola. Kumanga tichipeza atatu nyumba ziwiri storey, chokhala ndi mzikiti chapakati. zipinda miyambo ali chokongoletsedwa ndi zojambula, makalapeti, mipando mwanaalirenji, zopeta, zojambula mochita kugoba mu mafelemu golide.

Pa mfundo imeneyi yachifumu ndi likulu la CIS states membala. Komanso zonse konsati madzulo.

nyumba Menshikov

Ili Vasilyevsky Island. Yomanga inayamba mu 1710. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zakale mwala. Iye anawonekera Menshikov Palace ku St. Petersburg chifukwa cha wamanga kwambiri H. Schedel ndi D. Kasupe.

Linamangidwa mu kalembedwe Petrine Baroque. Mkati watha malinga ndi mawonekedwe tsiku. Ife tinkakonda zipangizo zotsatirazi: chosema nkhuni, zikopa, matailosi penti ndi nsalu. The staircase waukulu wapangidwa ndi thundu. malo anali chokongoletsedwa ndi matailosi. Chimodzi mwa zipinda kwambiri losaiwalika - ichi nduna Walnut. Panali anali curiosities ndi zopereka zosiyanasiyana. Makoma atsirizidwa ndi mtedza veneered.

Mu 1727, Menshikov anagwidwa ukapolo Birch. Ndipo anasamutsidwa kuti m'nyumbayi wa Cadet Corps, ndi kubwezeretsa inayamba mu 1960.

Pa nthawi, kukaona malo okhala Menshikov, sakhoza kuona chionetsero mkati, zomwe amalimbana kwambiri Petrine nyengo.

The Marble Palace

Ndi chipilala cha mamangidwe a classicism oyambirira. Pamene ankamanga ntchito mwala achilengedwe. Pakuti wapakamwa cladding ndi yokongola mkati ntchito mitundu yambiri ya mabo (Italy, Ural, Siberia ndi thanthwe Greek). Mwala wa nyumba ya Ndimagoma chuma, kukongola, osiyanasiyana. Kumanga inamangidwa ndi wazomangamanga A. Rinaldi mu theka lachiwiri la m'zaka XVIII. Nyumba yachifumu imatengedwa nyumba woyamba, umene alimbane ndi mwala achilengedwe. Linamangidwa kwa Catherine III lapamtima. Koma, tsoka, Orlov sanayembekezere mapeto a zomangamanga, anafa. nyumba ya asiyidwa mu ufumu chuma cha banja.

Kenako, linatsegulidwa ku Central V. I. Lenina Museum. Nyumba zimenezi ayenera chidwi cha alendo chidwi mbiri ya Peter okalamba ndi mamangidwe ake. M'zipinda inu mukhoza kuwona zisudzo otsatirawa: "ojambula okhonda mu Russia XVIII-XIX zaka", "Museum Ludwig" ndi zina zotero. Popeza 1992, Marble Palace wadutsa mu chigawo cha Russian Museum.

St. Petersburg chidwi ulemerero wa zomangamanga ndi. Sikutheka kuti akapereke mu mawu kukongola zonse zokopa luso kuukonza. Ngati inu pitani St. Petersburg zachifumu, onetsetsani kuti ali bwino kumanga mbiri ndi tsogolo la eni ake.

Muyenera kuona ndi maso anu, izi ngale mapulani. Nyumba ya St. Petersburg akuyembekezera inu!