Thales: mlatho pakati pa sayansi ya East ndi West

Chimodzi mwa anzeru woyamba Ionian sukulu ndi nzeru zapamwamba zachilengedwe Thales la Mileto. The yonena za munthu uyu ali odzaza mipata, chifukwa anakhala BC VI atumwi, ndipo ntchito, mwatsoka, ife siinafike ife. Komabe, olemba mbiri aweruze moyo wa woganiza ichi cha ndemanga zochokera asayansi ena. Mwachitsanzo, Aristotle otchedwa Thales, woyambitsa wa nzeru kukhala dziko ndi woyambitsa wa sukulu Milesian. Akatswiri a mbiri yakale anakhazikitsa kuti iye anayenda kwambiri, n'kutunga chidziwitso cha ansembe Iguputo ndiponso Akasidi. Thales anali osiyanasiyana zofuna nawo zakuthambo, cholinga zida zankhondo ndi zomangamanga kamangidwe.

Amene anali munthu wamkulu uyu - Thales? yonena wake mwadzaza mau "za", "zikuoneka kuti" ndi "Zikuoneka". Yekha yeniyeni tsiku kugwirizana ndi wasayansi, ndi May 28 585 BC. e. Pa tsiku limeneli panali okwana kadamsana. Masamu ndi zakuthambo ananeneratu kuukira wake ndipo anachenjeza za woyang'anira wake - Lydia mfumu Alyattes. Last I ntchito zodabwitsazi zachilengedwe kukwaniritsa yabwino mtendere athane ndi mphamvu ya Amedi. Iye ankagwira ntchito wasayansi kwa mfumu ina ya Lydia - Croesus, ndi lamulo lake nawo nkhondo ndi Aperisiya.

Choncho, kodi tili mudziwe mfundo za moyo wa "Atate wa Philosophy"? Thales anabadwa pafupifupi zaka 625, ndipo anafa munthu wokalamba kwambiri (buku lina, mu zaka 76, ndipo ina - mu 95). Pa malonjezo a mbiri yakale, asayansi anaona Zochita gymnastic pa bwaloli. Icho chinali kutentha ndi khamu, omwe anakhala koopsya kwa munthu wachikulire. Koma timadziwa kuti Thales anali ndi chuma Foinike mpikisano. Ngati anali "m'badwo woyamba obwera," kapena anabadwa mu chigawo cha Greek, sizikumveka.

Thales maphunziro kwambiri. Monga wamalonda, anayenda: ankakhala mumzinda Aigupto Memphis ndi Thebes, anali ku Mesopotamiya. Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti "anabweretsa" ku Egypt maziko a masamu, ndi amene anayambitsa Agiriki. Iye anapeza njira kuyeza kutalika kwa piramidi wa mthunzi wake, ndipo anatulukira rangefinder, amene amalola kudziwa mtunda chombo m'nyanja pa nyanza. Lingaliro Lovomerezeka dzina lake. Koma osati masamu anasonyeza kuti wasayansi wamkulu. Iye anali nthumwi mwaluso ndipo anayesera kuti akonze asilikali mgwirizano Ionian mizinda kumenyana ndi Aperisi. Thales la Mileto anali pafupi ndi wankhanza Thrasybulus.

Information za moyo wa tchire zotsutsana ndi patalipatali. Malinga ndi zimene mabuku ena amanena, iye anakhala yoyamba, ndi pa zina - anali wokwatira ndipo anabereka mwana wamwamuna. Thales anali zachilendo ndi malonda lili ndi akatswiri: anagwira mu okhawo kwawo Mileto pa malonda mu mafuta. Mu umodzi wa maulendo iye anapanga Galis mtsinje otaya njira ina yatsopano, akuika kwa damu ndi ngalande ili njira. mchitidwe Izi zinathandiza mfumu Croesus kunyamula asilikali.

Koma ulemerero kwambiri Thales yapindula m'munda wa nzeru. Iye anali kuyang'ana mu zosiyanasiyana zonse mu chikhalidwe cha mfundo lofunika. Izi m'munsi mwa dziko, "pervostihiey" tchire lotchedwa madzi. Chirichonse auka kwa chikhalidwe cha mvula ndipo amasungunula. Chilengedwe, malinga Thales, ndi mbale mozondoka, ayanjane nyanja. Dziko - mkati zoyandama chimbale. The concave padziko chotengeracho - kumwamba ndi nyenyezi pa izo - milungu. Moyo - chabwino etheric mankhwala. Ngati inu mukukhulupirira Diogenes Laertius ndi Aristotle, Thales mwini ntchito osachepera awiri: "Pa dzuwa akutembenukira ndi March" ndi "Kutumiza zakuthambo." Mwambo limanena kuti iye ndi 200 ndakatulo olembedwa hexameters. Yotchuka kwambiri ndi otsatira a Thales ndi Anaximander Anaximenes.