The Chikhalidwe cha East wakale monga kuyenera West

chitukuko kum'mawa wakhala kusiyana ndi kumadzulo mu Mphukira. Masiku ano, mayiko ambiri a kum'mawa imatengedwa kuti zomwe zikutsalirazi kumbuyo, ngakhale kuti chinali chiyambi cha kum'mawa akulondola chitukuko cha mitundu yambiri. Kodi ife kumvetsa lero ndi mawu akuti "Ancient East"?

Ancient East ndi gulu lapadera la chitukuko okhala dera la Mediterranean kum'mawa, kuchokera m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Nailo kumadzulo, expanses kum'mwera kumadzulo kwa Asia (China, Egypt, India). History ndi chikhalidwe Ancient East kuyambira mu Kale, pakati pa wachitatu ndi wachinayi zaka BC Zinali ndiye kuti anagwa otsiriza a ufumu wa Perisiya, kusiya njira wamng'ono, akuyamba chitukuko cha chitukuko.

Anthu masiku ano ali ndi chizolowezi otchedwa chitoliro wachiwiri kwa maiko a mu dziko, anthu ochepa mukudziwa kuti mpaka m'ma 15 ndi mlingo wa bungwe lawo komanso chikhalidwe ali kutali patsogolo pa West. Onse kwambiri pa nthawi imeneyo, zinthu zinalengedwa basi mu East: Kutulukira mawotchi koloko, onga, pepala, osanenapo zoyambitsidwa zokhudza anthu Chinese, monga kampasi ndi seismograph.

Lingaliro kwambiri chikhalidwe mu mayiko a East ndi West ankasiyana kwambiri. Ku Ulaya, mawu akuti "chikhalidwe" amatanthauza "kulima, kusintha." The Chinese ofanana khalidwe "Wen" likumasuliridwa kuti "yokongola." Kuti mphamvu ya chiphunzitso kum'mawa cha "chikhalidwe" - chisomo, kukongola ndi yokongola. Miyambo chikhalidwe cha Ancient East ali kupitiriza chachikulu cha mibadwo. miyambo yambiri ya maiko ambiri East inayambira mu kutali kale, pamene pakalibe kulemba, pamene iwo anatitumiza ku mibadwo latsopano pakamwa.

Art wa Ancient East anali pafupi ndi mbali zambiri za njira ambiri chikhalidwe zikuchitika mmadera. Udindo kwambiri luso chithunzi mu East wakhala wolemekezeka. Mwachitsanzo, pa chiyambi cha Iguputo chitukuko wojambula ntchito makamaka ukugwira ntchito ya wansembe Komabe, komabe ankaona kuti kudzidalira. Art chikhalidwe cha Ancient East kwa zaka kuyamwa makhalidwe a zikhulupiriro za chipembedzo ndi nzeru zaumunthu, malamulo chikhalidwe ndi miyambo ya moyo wa anthu. Creative anthu (ojambula zithunzi, Osema ndi olemba zojambula) analengedwa kuti akuyendera kulenga ntchito maganizo chikhalidwe cha anthu. tayesetsa Experimental kufotokoza ntchito zake chinthu chatsopano, akadali osadziwika kwa anthu mosamala kuletsedwa. Ichi chinali chifukwa kwenikweni traditionalism njira ya moyo wakale chitukuko kum'mawa. Mu Egypt, panali dongosolo lonse la malamulo chifukwa ojambula, munali malamulo zimafotokoza chimene ayenera kukhala ndi mtundu wanji ntchito ndi zimene chiwerengero anati polemba zithunzi za anthu, chifaniziro cha nyama. Amisiri ndi Osema ku Egypt anachita monga osamalira nkhani za miyambo ndi malamulo zopatulika. Iwo anapatsidwa kuimira osati kuli munthu pa dziko lapansi, koma anakhala ku maiko ena, limene, ankaganiza iye amakhoza kupita pambuyo akamaliza ntchito yake.

The Chikhalidwe cha Ancient East chinakonzeka makamaka kudzera nthano, choyamba wolalata, ndi mkubwela kulemba mawonekedwe a malemba lalifupi, ayipanga pa mapale. ngwazi ya m'nthano angapezeke osati nzika za ntchito zolembalemba, komanso chosema, zomangamanga ndi kupenta. Art chikhalidwe cha Ancient East kwa zaka anakhalabe ikupita zamatsenga. Anthu akale, mwachitsanzo, ankakhulupirira kuti buku chinaonekeranso mwa Mulungu monga iye ali mphamvu, choncho ayenera kuwerenga osachepera izo.

maiko ambiri East amasiyana akapolo anzawo akale, M'zipembedzo ndi chikhalidwe, zikutsatiridwa kwa zaka zambiri, chinthu chimodzi lakuti: kudzipereka kuti njira mwambo wa moyo, kulanda zinachitikira mibadwo.