The kwambiri Russian ndakatulo Baratynskiy Evgeniy Abramovich: yonena, zilandiridwenso

Baratynsky Yevgeny Abramovich, amene yonena ndi chidwi ndi mawu a ndakatulo mafani - wotchuka Russian wolemba ndakatulo wa zaka za m'ma 19, amene anakhalako ndi bwenzi Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina.

ubwana

Wobadwa February 19, 1800 mu banja osauka a anthu olemekezeka amene ankakhala m'chigawo Tambov. mayi ake Alexandra anali buthu ulemu ndi bambo Abram Andreyevich - msilikali wothandiza mfumu uja wamkulu. The mnyamata oyambirira ubwana ankadziwa zilankhulo. French chinaperekedwa mu nyumba Baratynskys, ndi Eugene 8 zaka momasuka pa izo Chovumbulutsidwa. Chitaliyana wadziwa zikomo kwa amalume ake - Borghese Italy, German ndipo anaphunzira ku sukulu patokha St. Petersburg, kumene makolo ake anam'tumiza mu 1808.

Mu 1810, bambo ake anali atapita, ndi chisamaliro cha maphunziro a mayi mwana wake - wochenjera ophunzira mkazi - kwathunthu kwa phewa. Mu 1812, Eugene analowa Corps a Masamba mzinda wa St. Petersburg. Pali anzanga enaake nawo pranks itatha chisoni kwambiri kuti iye. Mmodzi wa iwo m'mphepete kuti upandu (kuba), ndipo n'chifukwa osati anyamata ku sukulu popanda yoyenera kulowa ntchito ya boma, kuwonjezera msilikali.

Zimenezi manyazi kwambiri anakhudzidwa ndi Eugene 15 wazaka. Mnyamatayo sanali wokonzeka kunena tiwonana moyo. Ngati kudzera pagalasi mdima, iye anayang'ana pa dziko padziko Eugene Baratynsky. ndakatulo ake anali amenewa, kumalire ndi dziko la kusauka kwa maganizo anavutika ndi zoŵaŵa za manyazi.

Baratynsky Yevgeny Abramovich: yonena

Pambuyo osaphatikiza Baratynsky anachoka m'chigawocho Tambov, ku mudzi kwa mayi ake. Nthawi anapita amalume ake - asilikali B. A. Baratynskogo, amene ankakhala m'chigawo cha Smolensk. Moyo pa expanses akumidzi a kwathunthu kudzutsidwa ku Eugene ndakatulo talente. m'nyengo yoyambirira ya mizere rhymed inali yotsika ofooka, koma angapo Baratynsky wodzidalira komanso anu kalembedwe.

Mu 1819, Eugene Baratynsky, amene ndakatulo ndi kuphunzira maphunziro, anali analembedwa St. Petersburg Jäger Regiment monga payekha. Chidwi mabuku nthawi imeneyi anamutengera chakuti wolemba wamng'ono anayamba purposefully kufunafuna kuzolowerana ndi olemba. ntchito Yake anayamikira Anton Antonovich Delvig, ndi mphamvu kwambiri pa kalembedwe kulemba Baratynsky. Wolemba mwamakhalidwe Ine kuthandiza mnyamata, anathandiza kufalitsa ntchito zake ndi timudziwe bwino olemba mabuku ena odziwika bwino monga Peter Pletnev, Vilgelm Kyuhelbeker, Vasily Zhukovsky ndi Alexander Pushkin.

"Ndine wakulungama - osati chozizwitsa!" - Eugene Baratynsky kuti Delvig lili ndakatulo imeneyi, wolembedwa mu 1823, lomwe limatiuza mtima wake, ndi kusonyeza ubwenzi ndi Aleksandrom Sergeevichem anali buku lakuti "nkhani awiri mu vesi", umene Baratynsky analowa ndakatulo "mpira" ndi Pushkin a "Werengani Nulin".

Zaka Finland

Mu 1820 Baratynsky Yevgeny Abramovich, amene yonena ndi chidwi mafani wake, mu sanali analamula udindo msilikali anali mu Neyshlotsky Regiment, zochokera ku Finland. Pali anakhala zaka 5. Moyo anatsogolera chete, kwaokha. Lozungulira mabwenzi ake anali angapo alonda, amene anakumana nawo pa mkulu regimental. Nthawiyi anasiya kwambiri m'maganizo mwa Baratynsky momveka bwino anasonyeza ndakatulo wake. dziko aakulu anafotokoza mu ndakatulo "Waterfall", "Finland", "Mkonzi."

Makina anayamba kuonekera epigrams, madrigals, elegies ndi akalata Baratynsky. kupambana chinakhudza iye ndakatulo "Anzawo", lofalitsidwa mu 1820. Panthawi imeneyi, Eugene anapita ndi memoirist mbiri N. V. Putyatoy, ubwenzi umene anali onse a moyo wake. Nikolai anafotokoza Eugene monga munthu chochepera wotumbululuka, amene mbali anafotokoza chisoni kwambiri.

Baratynsky Yevgeny Abramovich: Chidwi Mfundo

Chifukwa cha pempho la Putyata mu 1824 Eugene analola kubwera kwa Helsinki (likulu la Finland). Apo iye anali ku likulu Corps ya General Zakrevskogo ndipo kwambiri chotengeka ndi mkazi wake Agrafena. imasonkhezera wake ndakatulo wodzipereka kwambiri la mizere ya ndakatulo ( "Ine nsangala chitaperekedwa" "Kulungamitsidwa," "Ayi, inu ananamiza mphekesera za," "Fairy", "mpira", "Ndine wakulungama - osati chozizwitsa"!). Eugene Baratynsky anavutika kwambiri chifukwa cha chikondi chimenechi. Kenako mfumukazi a mitima ya anthu anali ndi chikondi chalero ndi A. S. Pushkinym.

Pakali pano, abwenzi Baratynsky anapirira udindo utumiki wake wapolisi, ndipo nthawi zonse anakanidwa ndi mfumu. Chifukwa cha ichi chinali ufulu wa zilandiridwenso wa wolembayo mfundo zake kutsutsidwa. Baratynsky sanali Decembrists, koma malingaliro anali zopezeka ntchito ya Poro, kwathunthu katswiri maganizo ake. Chitsutso ndale kumaonekera epigram pa Arakcheeva elegy "Namondwe", ndakatulo "mawu." Pomaliza, mu 1825, Eugene anapangidwa wapolisi, zomwe mpata kutaya tsogolo lawo. Anakakhala ku Moscow, anayambitsa banja (mkazi wake Eugenia Baratynsky anakhala Nastasya Lvovna Engelhard) ndipo posachedwapa anapuma.

Amangokhala moyo Baratynsky

moyo wake wakhala wonyong'onya; mkazi wake anali khalidwe wosakhazikika, kuposa zayambitsa mavuto ambiri ndipo Evgeny mukopedwe kuti otalikirana abwenzi ambiri kwa izo. A mtendere m'moyo wabanja mu ankawachotsera kotero opanduka, achiwawa kuti anam'soŵetsa zaka angapo otsiriza. Wolemba ndakatulo unali likulu, pa chikhalidwe chake (m'mudzi Muranovo), ndiye mu Kazan, nthawi zambiri anapita ku St. Petersburg.

Mu 1839 Baratynsky anakumana ndi Lermontovym Mihailom Yurevichem. Mu Moscow, iye anakhala mabwenzi olemba monga N. F. Pavlov, A. S. Homyakov, IV Kireyevsky S. A. Sobolevsky. The chifukwa cha woyamba zilandiridwenso Evgeniya Baratynskogo nthawi inafalitsidwa mu 1827 magulu ndakatulo wake.

zilandiridwenso Baratynsky

Kugonjetsedwa kwa kugalukira Decembrist mwadzidzidzi anasintha moyo chikhalidwe cha Russia, omwe sakanakhoza koma bwanji Baratynsky ndakatulo. Mitu ya kusungulumwa chisautso chachikulu, pokweza imfa "chigamulocho unyolo onse" ( "Imfa", "Kodi iwe, masiku, 'Last Imfa", "wapathengo", "Kodi kapolo maloto a ufulu?") Chinaonekera mu ntchito yake. Mu ndakatulo zinamvetsa amajambulapo maluwa okongola amenewa wazisoni, utsiru, kusakhulupirirka luso wamng'ono wa umunthu, chiwonongeko cha anthu.

Mu 1832 anayamba kufalitsa magazini "European"; mmodzi wa alembi achangu anakhala Baratynsky. Iwo anatenga mabuku awiri okha linanena bungwe, kenako magaziniyo inali yoletsedwa. The kwambiri Russian ndakatulo, amene anataya zilakolako amphamvu ntchito mawu, anagwera mu wrench chiyembekezo.

Mu 1835, magazini chachiwiri cha ntchito zake, amene ankaoneka pa nthawi ya kutsiriza chitukuko analenga lasindikizidwa. Last lofalitsidwa safanana Baratynsky m'buku lake anali magulu "kusanache" (1842), kuwabweretsa pamodzi ndakatulo 1830-1840-ntchentche ndi wodzipereka kwa Prince Vyazemsky Peter Andreevich. Iwo kutchulidwa kutsutsana patsogolo mbiri ndi chibadidwe cha uzimu ndi zokongoletsa wa munthu.

Maulendo Naples

Popeza kuti mapeto a 1839 Baratynsky Yevgeny Abramovich (zaka za moyo - 1800-1844) ndi mkazi wake ndi ana asanu ndi anayi ankakhala malo wakunja kwatawuni Muranovo Patapita a Tiutchev. moyo Village anakonda ndakatulo: amakhala ulimi, popanda kum'dula zofufuza kulenga.

Mu 1843 Baratynsky Yevgeny Abramovich, amene yonena akubwera kumapeto, namuka ndi ana okulirapo komanso mkazi, miyezi isanu ndi umodzi anakhala mu Paris, anakumana ndi olemba ndi zithunzi pagulu la France. Timudziwe bwino ndakatulo za ndakatulo France m'chinenero chawo ndi ndakatulo ochepa.

Mu 1844 Baratynsky anawolokera Naples kudzera Marseilles. Ngakhale pa chiyambi, anamva akudwala, kupatula madokotala anamuchenjeza zotsatira zotheka chokhwima kwa nyengo yotentha ya Italy. Titafika ku Naples ndi mkazi wake Baratynsky anadwala matenda chowawa mitsempha yomwe mwamphamvu kwambiri zinthu Evgeny Abramovich. Iye chawonjezereka mutu, zambiri kusokonezedwa. M'mawa chochitikacho - 11 July 1844 - Baratynsky anafa mwadzidzidzi. thupi ndakatulo anali kuwapititsa ku St. Petersburg ndi m'manda mu Lazarev manda pa Alexander Nevsky obisika.

Baratynsky ndakatulo - ndakatulo wa ganizo

Monga wamkulu Russian ndakatulo Alexander Pushkin, ndakatulo Baratynsky - ndi ndakatulo wa ganizo. Wolemba ndakatulo wa nthawi yatsopano, ndi chikondi ndi dziko zovuta maganizo, wodzala ndi chisomo ndi lokhumudwitsa, kuti aganyali mu luso la chilakolako kwambiri anali pachiyambi, chifukwa kuganiza bwino ndi paokha. Belinsky moyenerera ankakhulupirira kuti woyimba onse - m'nthawi ya Pushkin tithe woyamba Baratynsky Yevgeny Abramovich. luso lake ndi cholowa kwambiri mbadwo wamakono. Atamwalira Baratynsky anabwera nthawi yaitali pafupifupi kwathunthu kunyalanyaza ntchito zake. Chidwi mu ntchito ya ndakatulo iyi anatsitsimuka mu mochedwa 20 - oyambirira 21 atumwi TH.

maphunziro kumaphatikizapo ndakatulo olembedwa mu 1832 ndi Eugene Baratynsky - "Spring". Mwachikondi inimitable ndi sizikakutherani wolemba amapereka unusualness onse afike masika. Nature pansi pa cholembera Baratynsky wamoyo, amapuma ndi akuimba.

Sizitero maganizo mwa ndakatulo "Kodi kunong'oneza wokoma ...". Evgeniy Baratynsky limafotokoza kubera yozizira chake yozizira koopsa ozizira, mdima kumwamba ndi choipa mphepo ikubwera.