Tsiku World AIDS, 1 December: mbiriyakale

Pakali pano, matenda monga AIDS, wodziwika mu mphambano iliyonse ya dziko lapansi. Salakwa wotchedwa zikuluzikulu mliri, mliri wa TH 20 ndi 21 zaka TH, ndi owononga anthu. Chaka chilichonse pa December 1 dziko m'pamene Tsiku AIDS. Izi si tsiku lina lofunika pa kalendala, tsiku la kulira kwa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri amene anafa chifukwa cha matenda osachiritsika.

ziwerengero

Masiku ano, anthu oposa 42 miliyoni okhala mu madera osiyana a dziko amadwala kachilombo koopsa koyambitsa kuti zimayambitsa m'thupi akusowa munthu. Tsiku lililonse, kuzungulira 15,000 kugwera mu gulu la odwala. Tsiku World AIDS, 1 December, cholinga kusiya ziwerengero oopsa ndi kuchepetsa mlingo wa kufalikira kwa mliri padziko lonse.

Anapeza lowopsya

Monga zanenedwa, chaka chilichonse amakondwerera Tsiku AIDS World pa 1 December. Mbiri ya matenda a anthu ili pafupifupi zaka 35. Mu 1981, United States anali woyamba mayina AIDS kapena AIDS, amene amayamba chifukwa cha m'thupi akusowa HIV anthu (HIV). Pambuyo pake panali mwadzidzidzi msonkhano wa akuluakulu zaumoyo padziko lonse, limene pangano anali atafika pa kuwombola zambiri zokhudza HIV / AIDS ndi kulemekeza kulolerana chikhalidwe.

Asayansi ena mlandu pochititsa nyani HIV kuti ali ndi oopsa HIV anthu mu 20 ntchentche. Mu zaka zapitazo. Chifukwa cha kafukufuku wa posachedwapa, chinapezeka kuti cholinga cha mliri wakhala Africa West. Mu 1959 anamwalira ndi AIDS munthu woyamba dziko. Lang'anani, izo zinalembedwa koyamba. Chonyamulira cha HIV kunapezeka kuti yokhazikika wa Congo. Patatha zaka khumi mu United States mu akazi zizindikiro zosavuta pamaziko a matenda akhala sakudziwika. Pamene ofufuza sanali ngofunika aliyense zimenezi, kukangana hule odwala ndi chibayo. Patatha zaka zisanu ndi zinayi, mu 1978, anauzidwa izi mliri foci padziko lonse - mu United States, Tanzania, Haiti ndi Sweden.

Ndipo patapita zaka zitatu za malo apadera nawo ulamuliro ndi kuteteza matenda, kunapatsidwa chilolezo cha boma kuti kuli HIV ndi AIDS. Pankhaniyi gawo la mikango odwala anali amuna. Pa nthawi imeneyo, 440 anali onyamula HIV opezeka United States, n'zothandiza kusowa chitetezo chokwanira. Theka la anthu amenewa anafa.

Magwero a matenda: mankhwala atulukira

Scientist Maykl Gotlib anapeza kuti chifukwa cha matenda ndi kugonjetsedwa aakulu anthu ziwalo za dongosolo, amene chitetezo chokwanira. Mu 1982, zilembo zinayi English anadziwika monga matenda "H" AIDS zochokera chakuti ambiri immunodeficiency virus anawapha. amuna, ku Haiti, komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo, stitching heroin, ndipo odwala matenda amapatsira mwana wake.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti kukhalapo kwa chitetezo chokwanira adatchithisira kale olembedwa ana asanakalambe. Komabe, maphunziro zachipatala zasonyeza kuti odwala AIDS avutika ndi kuthi immunodeficiency virus, osati titadziwa.

chiyambi tizilombo matenda wakhala anapeza asayansi ku France - Montagnier. Mu 1983, mu lymph mfundo kuvutika kwa Edzi HIV anthu chinapezeka, dzina lake LAV.

Patapita chaka chimodzi, Robert Gallo, amene atsogoleri Institute of Virology, University of Maryland, Chatuluka mawu amene ananena kuti chimene chimayambitsa matenda ndicho. kafukufuku wake, tiyenera kulekana kwa HIV kuchokera magazi wodwalayo. Kutalikirana ndi retrovirus dzina lake HTLV-III ndipo inali yofanana LAV.

Mu 1985, asayansi kuona kuti immunodeficiency virus imafalikira anthu kudzera magazi, mkaka wa m'mawere ndi kugonana. Chifukwa cha mayeso anayamba kupereka magazi kwa nthawi yoyamba anayamba kufufuza pamaso pa HIV immunodeficiency.

anapeza wina anadabwa dziko mu 1986. Pamodzi ndi anzake Montagnier anapeza kachilombo watsopano, amene anatulukira ku Guinea-Bissau ndi Cape Verde Islands. kusanthula poyerekeza anasonyeza kuti mavairasi - zosiyana kwathunthu, wosiyana matenda mzake chifukwa cha wothandizila osiyana ndi njira zosiyana za matenda ndi zizindikiro. Pakhala umboni kuti mavairasi onse, pali ndithu nthawi yaitali, makamaka pamaso pa kufala kwa matenda a AIDS.

Tsiku World AIDS - 1 December

mawu Official analengeza mu 1987 ndi Bungwe Loona World Health, zomwe inanena kuti wothandizila causative matenda zoopsa monga AIDS, ndi kachilombo komwe kamayambitsa kusowa chitetezo chokwanira anthu. Mu chaka chomwecho, izo anayamba ndi udakhazikitsa ndondomeko ndi njira monga mndandanda wa miyeso umalimbana kulimbana matenda oopsa. Mmodzi wa iwo anali oyamba a mankhwala "AZT", cholinga kulimbana ndi kachilombo.

Tsiku AIDS World December 1 woyamba wolembedwa mu 1988. tsiku ili mukuimira khama ophatikizana a anthu onse okhala padziko lapansi, polimbana ndi vutoli zoopsa. Gulu la ntchito kumaphatikizapo makamaka thandizo kupewa ndi mwayi pazipita zambiri zokhudza matendawa. M'mayiko ambiri padziko lonse, osati tsiku la December 1 - Tsiku AIDS World, komanso pamaso kenako ikuchitika zosiyanasiyana umalimbana kumenyana AIDS.

Dziko wotchuka chizindikiro cha mliri wa

Masiku ano, anthu ambiri kudziwa chizindikiro ichi monga kansalu kofiira. Mu AIDS Tsiku December 1, anthu mamiliyoni ambiri ali pa zovala ake monga chizindikiro kuti iwo kumvetsetsa mmene zoopsa ndi zotsatira za matenda.

Red tepi kupangidwa mu 1991 ndi wojambula Frank Moore. Lingaliro la chilengedwe Anabwereka oyandikana nawo nyumba, amene anavala maliboni chikasu. Choncho iwo anafotokoza chiyembekezo zawo kwa kubwerera oyambirira a mwana wake, kulowa usilikali mu Persian Gulf.

Pa nkhondo asilikali mu Gulf anawonekera maliboni wobiriwira, amatikumbutsa mu mawonekedwe a kalata V. Iwo amasonyeza kuwawa kwa imfa chifukwa cha kupha ana ku Atlanta. Chifukwa, chithunzicho New York waganiza kuti chizindikiro cha polimbana ndi Edzi akhoza kukhala lamba. Red Njanji lero si lingaliro yapamwamba, ndi wapadera, zosavomerezeka kuyankhula, kunena kuti pa December 1 - Tsiku AIDS World - nthenda ya m'ma. Ichi ndi chinthu choopsa kwambiri, osachiritsika matenda ndi zimayambitsa kwenikweni kuchita nkhondo.

akatswiri Marketing ndi amisiri ndi maganizo lonse la kumayambiriro chizindikiro ichi monga fanizo zinthu umalimbana kupewa matenda wakhala otukuka. Mwalamulo, zomangidwazo «Red Njanji" unayambitsidwa mu 2000 pa 45. Werengani pa mwambo nduna ya Tony Mphotho. Mamembala ake ndi nominees zikumangidwa riboni wofiira ndi pini chitetezo kwa zovala kumvetsetsa chizindikiro cha chifundo ndi chiyembekezo cha tsogolo popanda AIDS. Koposa zonse pamene aliyense ankafuna kuti pa Tsiku AIDS World, 1 December, maliboni wofiira ankavala anthu onse a dziko lapansi.

Ziyembekezo analungamitsidwa. A nthawi yochepa chizindikiro wofiira unakhala wotchuka kwambiri ndipo anali pafupifupi gawo lamulo la ulemerero pa zochitika ambiri. Sanaletse, ndipo adani vehement wa zodzitetezera zimene zili pa nthawi panali anthu ambiri.

HIV ndi AIDS: kodi pali kusiyana

Nthawi zambiri mfundo ziwirizi amatchedwa ofanana. Komabe, wachibadidwe cholakwika. AIDS ndi immunodeficiency anthu. Kuti izi zingachititse kwambiri zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Ena mwa iwo ndi katundu, yaitali matenda aakulu poizoni kobadwa nako malformations, kusintha obwera ndi ukalamba ya thupi, mankhwala amphamvu ndi mankhwala. mankhwala amakono adzaitana AIDS siteji penultimate chiwonongeko immunodeficiency virus.

HIV ndi osiyana m'njira yapadera kugonjetsedwa. The matenda kufalikira mofulumira ndi zimayambitsa kuchepa pachimake cha chitetezo chokwanira zimene pamapeto, amakwiya khansa, matenda ena sekondale.

kufala njira

Tsiku AIDS World - 1 December - chaka limakhala tsiku loopsa kwa anthu mamiliyoni amene kawirikawiri kunyalanyaza maganizo okha ndi thanzi lawo. Njira yaikulu HIV akulowa thupi ndi magazi. Khalani chonyamulira cha HIV ndi zotheka ndi nthawi yogonana, nthawi zambiri kumachitika kudzera wotero. Komanso, mayi amene ali ndi HIV akhoza kupatsira mwana m'mimba, ndi latuluka, pamene mwana umadutsa m'njira kubadwa, anadyetsa mkaka. Koopsa chikutanthauza ndi munthu ukhondo zinthu monga malezala, toothbrushes, ndi zinthu zina zofanana. Airborne njira komanso ndowe ndi mkodzo si onyamula HIV.

Pali njira zingapo HIV kulowa m'thupi la munthu - kudzera pakhungu zowonongeka ndi mucosal pa matenda kapena zochizira chamoyo umuna kudzera yokumba, jakisoni chomwa mankhwalawa kapena zizindikiro.

M'mayiko ambiri mamiliyoni dziko la timabuku kusindikizidwa kuwauza za kufala kwa HIV. Iwo amapita kuzungulira Tsiku AIDS World pa 1 December. Kuteteza - ndi chokhethemulira yaikulu polimbana ndi matenda izi.

gulu chiopsezo

The matenda ambiri amakhudza amuna ndi anthu kutsogolera achiwerewere. gulu lina - mankhwala osokoneza bongo amene amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala kudzera m'mitsempha. Mbali osakhala a ana odwala matenda matenda ndi amayi awo amene ali ndi AIDS ndi HIV. Lachiwiri ndi wotanganidwa ndi matenda a ana, amene amachita magazi. Kuipitsidwa wa ndodo poyera zachipatala okhazikika mu kukhudzana ndi magazi ndi madzi ena a odwala ndi HIV kapena AIDS.

HIV akhoza doze anthu a zaka 10-12. Zizindikiro koyamba nthawi zambiri zimachitika, matenda ena zochepa oopsa ndipo musataye iwo zofunika kwambiri. Komabe, ayenera kumvetsa kuti mu nkhani iyi popanda kuisamalira zachipatala HIV akulowa gawo lotsiriza - AIDS.

Pomaliza

1 December - Tsiku mayiko a AIDS. tsiku limeneli chaka adzaitana lonse dera sikuti amangodziwa za matenda mpaka osachiritsika, komanso kukhala wololera za anthu amene kale chonyamulira cha matenda. Ndipo Chofunika, ayenera kumvetsa okha aliyense wamoyo pa dziko - izo ayenera kumvetsa kuti kupewa ndi kofunika kwambiri mu nkhondo thanzi.