Ulova ndi mphamvu zake

Full ntchito sizikutanthauza 100% ntchito za chiwerengero cha wamkulu wamphamvu anthu. Pali ulova, amene ankaona kuti ndi wolungama, kapena zachilendo.

mlingo wa ulova ankayimiridwa ngati kuchuluka lova anthu amphamvu, amene mulibe pensioners, ophunzira akaidi, ndipo nzika kwa zaka 16, anthu ogwira ntchito, kuphatikizapo anthu zikugwira usilikali. Pa ulova ntchito milingo zonse wofanana mikangano ndi structural ulova mu mtengo wa, i.e. mlingo zachilengedwe sali pa ntchito, zomwe ndi ya structural ndi frictional ulova, mlingo wa ulova kumagwirizana ndi mtendere wa chuma, pamene mlingo wa kuyembekezera mlingo kufufuma limafanana ndi mlingo weniweni, ndipo pamene leni dziko mankhwala pa kuwononga zachilengedwe.

Mphamvu ya ndalama ndi ulova, kusintha yake akamagwira kuyerekeza mitengo ndi ulova mu zaka zosiyana. Kusintha kwa mlingo wa ulova mwachindunji ndi mphamvu ya GDP. 2% kuwonjezeka mu buku GNP leni amachepetsa 1% mtengo ulova komanso Tikawonetsetsa mlingo ulova kuwonjezeka pafupifupi 1% ndi kuchepetsa leni GNP 2%. Choncho, ulova ndi boma zachilengedwe a msika ntchito, koma analola kusinthasintha ake ku mlingo achilengedwe.

mphamvu kupanga mu cyclical ulova si ntchito yonse ndi kuchuluka kwa GDP, motero, poyerekeza ndi amene adzakhala pa ntchito zonse.

Pakati kusiyana GDP ndi cyclical ulova A. Oukenom empirically anapeza mwachindunji kulankhulana odalirika. Chilamulo Okun chikusonyeza ubale pakati pa theka analandira buku la GDP ndi ulova.

Ulova ndi ntchito misinkhu ndi zofunika zazikulu za citukuko zizindikiro zomwe kudziwa mphamvu ya chuma mfundo anathamangitsa ndi boma. State lamulo ikuchitika malamulo, zachuma, utsogoleri ndi kayendetsedwe ka gulu miyeso zovuta, amene umalimbana kukwaniritsa kupanga dzuwa likuvutika ntchito nthawi zonse. Kuwonjezera mlingo wa ntchito, akuchita boma lamulo la msika ntchito ndi ntchito. Kuwonjezera pa zimakhudza mwachindunji pa msika ntchito, boma ntchito njira mozungulira, mu H., Monetary, msonkho ndi depreciation mfundo Vol..

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti pakati pa ntchito ndi kufufuma, pali maganizo, mu mawu ena, ubale inakwaniritsidwa pa onse mlingo mtengo ndi ulova. Dziwani kuti kufufuma - mtengo thovu, mwa kulankhula kwina - kuchepetsa mphamvu kugula wa unit ndalama, depreciation ake. Kukwera kwa mitengo angagwe ngati mlingo wa kuwonjezeka chakudya ndalama pamwamba mlingo kukula kwa GDP. kuchepetsa GDP inapita kuwonjezeka okwanira ndalama. Kufufuma, nayenso ali kungasokoneze malipiro. Au Phillips kuzindikira dongosolo pakati pa gawo lova ndi kusintha malipiro mwadzina. Au Phillips, ndiyesa chiŵerengero cha kuchuluka kwa kufufuma ndi ulova, anakhazikitsa kuti pali ubale osiyanitsidwa pakati pa ukulu ndi mlingo wa ulova wa kufufuma. chifaniziro ake likutipatsa ena amati Phillips limaoneka lokongola. Malinga Phillips pamapindikira, ulova mkulu pa kufufuma otsika, ndi kuwonjezeka kufufuma yafupika. Zochokera Phillips pamapindikira tsopano kotheka kuchepetsa ulova ndi kufufuma kapena kuonjezera ulova, kupondereza mitengo. Komabe, chuma chenicheni si nthawi zonse kuganizira zotsatira za limaoneka lokongola lino.

Mtengo ambiri msinkhu ndi mlingo ulova mowerengera:
a) yaying'ono - ndi macroeconomics;
b) normative ndi zabwino zachuma.