Wapakati akuya kozizira Ocean pansi zimachititsa chilumbachi ndi nyengo

Nthumwi zing'onozing'ono m'nyanja zamchere - kozizira. Anagwira dera la North Pole ndipo m'mphepete mwa magulu osiyana m'maiko. Kuya pafupifupi ya Ocean Arctic mamita 1225. Iye ndi osaya nyanja zonse.

malo

Osati popitirira kudera lozizira cholandirira cha madzi ozizira ndi ayezi amatsuka kugombe la maiko, hemispheres ndi Greenland kuchokera kumpoto. Kuya pafupifupi ya Ocean Arctic ndi mwachilungamo kakang'ono, koma madzi, ozizira kwambiri. Padziko dera - miliyoni 14,75 makilomita lalikulu, buku - 18.070.000 makilomita kiyubiki. Kuya pafupifupi ya Ocean Arctic mu mamita - mu 1225, pamene mfundo kuya ili ku mamita 5527 m'madzimo. Mfundo wa beseni la Nyanja Greenland.

mizere pansi

Za izo, zomwe ndi pafupifupi ndi kuya pazipita wa Ocean Arctic, asayansi kalekale, koma ndizo za pansi mpumulo ku nkhondo ya 1939-1945 pafupifupi chilichonse sankadziwika. M'zaka khumi zapitazi, zambiri osiyanasiyana anali anasonkhana kudzera Maulendo pa Zombo ndi sitima zankhondo. Mu dongosolo la pansi pa dzenje chapakati ndi akutali, zomwe zili padziko nyanja mmphepete.

Pafupifupi theka la m'dera limene mukukhala alumali nyanja. Dera Russian, iye anatambasula kuti 1300 kukafika pamwamba pansi. Kufupi ndi kugombe Loona za shelufu chozama kwambiri ndipo kwambiri m'goli. Pali mfundo zimenezi zinachitika mchikakamizo cha Pleistocene oundana. Pakatikati ndi dzenje chowulungika wamkulu kuya, amene anagawa lokwera University, anapeza ndi kuphunzira pang'ono nkhondo itatha. Eurasian pakati pa shelufu nati lokwera akutambasula beseni amene mozama ndi pakati pa 4 ndi 6 Km. Pa tsidya lina la lokwera pa akutambasula dzenje lachiwiri, limene 3400m mozama.

Ku Pacific Arctic chikugwirizana Bering Strait, womangidwa ndi Atlantic umadutsa Nyanja Norway. Kapangidwe ka pansi pa udindo chitukuko kwambiri zikawonongeka ndi m'madzi m'dera chokhala. Ikufotokoza otsika kwambiri pafupifupi kuya kwa nyanja Arctic - oposa 40% ya m'dera si chozama kupitirira 200 mamita zina ndi zikawonongeka ..

zinthu zachilengedwe

Ocean nyengo anatsimikiza ndi malo ake. nyengo nkhanza ndi kulimbikitsa ndi kuchuluka yaikulu ayezi - wandiweyani wosanjikiza si kusungunula nthawi m'chigawo chapakati cha beseni ndi.

Chaka chonse mu zowononga Arctic kukhala. Anticiklon yogwira ambiri m'nyengo yozizira, pamene m'chilimwe ndi n'kukakhala ku mphambano ndi Pacific Ocean. Mphepo yamkuntho akufalikira pa dera la chilimwe. Chifukwa kusintha, ayezi kumalo ozizira bwino anasonyeza Kusiyana kwa kuthamanga mumlengalenga. Zima chimakhala cha November ndi April, chilimwe - kuchokera June kuti August. Kuwonjezera zinachokera pa zowononga nyanja kuno zambiri kuyenda zowononga kuti anabwera kuchokera kunja.

Mphepo ulamuliro pa North Pole si yunifolomu, koma liwiro ali pamwamba 15 m / S pafupifupi zimachokeradi. Mphepo pa Ocean Arctic advantageously ndi liwiro 3-7 m / s.
Kutentha ambiri yozizira - +4 kuti -40 chilimwe - kuchokera 0 kuti +10 madigiri Celsius.

Low mitambo ali periodicity ena m'kupita kwa chaka. M'nthawi ya chilimwe, mosavuta mitambo otsika ukufika 90-95% m'nyengo yozizira - 40-50%. Chotsani thambo lililonse zambiri nyengo yozizira. Chilimwe fogs kawirikawiri, nthawizina iwo saukitsidwa kwa sabata.

Mvula, ambiri m'dera lino - chisanu. Mvula pafupifupi sizichitika, ndipo ngati iwo ali, kawirikawiri ndi chipale chofewa. Imagwera chaka 80-250 mm, m'chigawo cha Europe kumpoto kwa beseni kozizira - pang'ono. chisanu ndi otsika, si wogawana kugawa. Mu miyezi yotentha, chisanu chimasungunula mwachangu, nthawi zina amapita kutali kwathunthu.

Nyengo ya chigawo cha pakati ndi lililonse limatisokoneza kuposa mu dela la mzinda (kufupi ndi kugombe la mbali Asian la Europe ndi ku Asia ndi North America). madzi umalowa mu mafunde ofunda ya Atlantic, limene zinkakhalira madzi m'dera lonse la nyanja.

Biota

Kuya pafupifupi ya Ocean Arctic chikukwanira zikamera wa ambiri zamoyo osiyana mu ndime wake. M'dera Atlantic zambiri kuonedwa zosiyanasiyana chiwerengero cha nsomba monga m'nyanja zikuluzikulu, nyanja yoimba, hering'i, haddock, saithe. Mu nyanja anthu zinsomba, makamaka Chigirinilandi ndi milozo.

Zambiri kozizira alibe mitengo, ngakhale kumpoto Russia ndi Scandinavia Peninsula kukula spruce, paini ndiponso birch. Zomera Titafika pamalo ankaimira monga chimanga, lichens, mitundu yambiri ya birch, sedge, misondodzi nyenyezi yaing'ono. Chilimwe yochepa, koma yozizira lichitidwa anasefukira ndi cheza dzuwa, kumapangitsa ntchito za kukula ndi chitukuko cha zomera ndi. Nthaka akhoza analimbikitsa mu zigawo chapamwamba digiri 20, ndi kuwonjezera otsika kutentha zigawo mpweya.

The peculiarity wa zomera za Arctic - Pochita mitundu ndi kuchuluka kwa nthumwi ya aliyense wa iwo. Kozizira - kunyumba kwa zimbalangondo, nkhandwe kozizira, woyera-akadzidzi, mbalame, akhwangwala, partridges ndi Titafika pamalo lemmings. M'nyanja akuwaza walrus ng'ombe, narwhals, zisindikizo ndi beluga zinsomba.

Osati kokha pafupifupi ndiponso kuya pazipita wa Ocean Arctic Mzimuyo chiwerengero cha nyama ndi zomera cha pakati pa nyanja amachepetsa kachulukidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa mitundu zokhala m'deralo.