Wolemba English John Tolkien: MBIRI, zilandiridwenso, mabuku bwino

Tolkien John Ronald Reueli ndi ndani? Ngakhale ana, koma makamaka iwo amadziwa kuti ndi Mlengi wa wotchuka "The Hobbit." Mu Russia, dzina lake wakhala wotchuka kwambiri ndi zowonetsera mpatuko filimu. Kwawo ntchito zake ankadziwika mwamsanga m'ma 60s, pamene kufalitsa wophunzira omvera makope miliyoni a "Ambuye wa mphete" sikunali kokwanira. Kwa zaka zikwi wamng'ono owerenga Chingelezi nkhani ya Hobbit Frodo anakhala lapamtima. ntchito A amene analenga John Tolkien, anagula mofulumira kuposa "Ambuye wa Ntchentche" ndi "The okwaniritsa mu Rye."

Masautso a Hobbit ndi

Panthawiyi ku New York, anathamanga achinyamata ndi mabaji kudzikonda anapanga imati: "moyo wautali! Frodo", Ndipo onse ndi mzimu umenewu. panali mafashoni kwa gulu la zipani mu Hobbit wamasiku mwa achinyamata. Tolkien analenga anthu.

Koma mabuku olembedwa Dzhon Tolkien, kuwerenga osati ophunzira. Pakati admirers wake anali amayi, ndi roketi amuna, ndi nyenyezi Pop. makolo olimba anakambirana trilogy mu pubs London.

Uzani za amene anali mu moyo weniweniwo zongopeka wolemba John Tolkien, si kophweka. The analemba mabuku achipembedzo ankakhulupirira kuti moyo wolemba woona ali ndi ntchito yake, osati mu yonena za zenizeni.

ubwana

Tolkin Dzhon Ronald Reueli anabadwa mu 1892 ku South Africa. Pali mtundu wa ntchito anali kholo la wolemba m'tsogolo. Mu 1895 mayi anapita naye ku England. Patapita chaka anabwera uthenga kuti limanena za imfa ya bambo ake.

Ronald ubwana (wotchedwa achibale wolemba ndi anzake) zinachitika mu mzinda wa Birmingham. Mu zaka zinayi, anayamba kuwerenga. Ndipo zaka zambiri, iye wakhala chilakolako inexpressible kuphunzira zinenero zakale. Latin kwa Ronald anali ngati nyimbo. Ndi kusangalala monga kuwerenga nthano amunamuna angayerekezedwe ndi phunziro ake. Koma, monga kenako anavomereza Dzhon Tolkien, mabuku amenewa analipodi mu dziko zedi osakwanira. mabuku amenewa anali wamng'ono kwambiri kukwaniritsa zofuna za owerenga.

zokonda

Kusukulu, kuwonjezera Latin ndi French, Ronald nayenso anaphunzira German ndipo Greek. Iye oyambirira ndithu anakhala chidwi ndi mbiri ya zilankhulo ndi poyerekeza philology, anapezeka mabwalo zolembalemba, anaphunzira Gothic ndi zinenero Iceland, ndipo anafuna ngakhale kulenga atsopano. masewera amenewa, zachilendo kwa achinyamata, anakonzeratu tsoka lake.

Mu 1904, mayi ake anamwalira. Chifukwa cha chisamaliro cha mtetezi wauzimu, Ronald anali kupitiriza maphunziro awo ku University ya Oxford. zapaderazi wake unali mbiri ya m'Chichewa.

asilikali

Pamene nkhondo inayamba, Ronald aphunzira mu chaka chatha. Ndipo patapita mayeso wanzeru chomaliza Iye anadzipereka kwa asilikali. The gawo la kum'mwera kwa mkulu nagwa miyezi ingapo wamagazi Battle wa Somme, kenako zaka ziwiri anakhala ku chipatala ndi matenda a "ngalande malungo".

chiphunzitso

Nkhondo itatha, iye anagwira ntchito pa buku la dikishonare, ndipo kenako anakhala katswiri wa Chingerezi. Mu 1925 inasindikizidwa nkhani yake mmodzi wa nthano yakale ya ku Germany, chilimwe chaka chomwecho John Tolkien anaitanidwa Oxford. Iye anali wamng'ono kwambiri mwa mfundo za University wotchuka: zaka 34 zokha. Komabe, kumbuyo John Tolkien, amene yonena palibe zochepa zosangalatsa kuposa buku, ndinali wolemera zinachitikira ndi ntchito wanzeru pa philology.

A buku chachinsinsi

Ndi nthawi iyi wolemba linali kukwatiwa, koma anali ndi ana atatu. Namasiku, mavuto banja linatha, iye anapita pa ntchito zachinsinsi wayamba akadali wophunzira - nthano ya dziko zamatsenga. M'kupita kwa nthawi, nthano linadzaza ndi mwatsatanetsatane, ndiponso John Tolkien ankaona kuti ndiyenera lilili ena.

Mu 1937 anafalitsa nkhani "The Hobbit", wolemba wabweretsa kutchuka ndi kale lonse. m'bukuli kutchuka kunali kwakukulu moti ofalitsa anafunsa wolemba kulenga yotsatira. Ndiye Tolkien anayamba ntchito pa epic wake. Koma Saga a mbali atatu okha patapita zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu. Tolkien moyo lonse anayamba chinenero yokumba. Kutsirizitsa Elvish chilankhulo kukhala lero.

otchulidwa Tolkien

Hobbits - ichi zolengedwa amazipanga wokongola ngati ana. Iwo kuphatikiza lightness ndi sichisinthasinthanso, luso osavuta mtima ndi kuchenjerera. Ndipo oddly mokwanira, zilembo izi dziko analengedwa ndi Tolkien, zodalirika.

The protagonist wa nkhani loyamba Bilbo Baggins zonse pangozi kutuluka kwa whirlpool onse a misadventures. Iye ayenera kukhala olimba mtima ndi ndalama. Ndi njira iyi ya Tolkien ngati chimauza owerenga wake wamng'ono za mwayi malire zimene ali nazo. Ndipo mbali ina ya zilembo Tolkien a - chikondi cha ufulu. Hobbits bwino kuchita popanda atsogoleri.

"Ambuye wa mphete"

Chimene ndili chidwi ndi pulofesa ku Oxford maganizo owerenga chi? Kodi nkhani buku lake?

ntchito Tolkien odzipereka kwa wosatha. Ndipo m'nyanjazi mfundo looneka ngati umboni - zabwino ndi zoipa, ntchito ndi ulemu, akulu ndi ang'ono. Pakati pa chiwembu - mphete, chimene sichiri chinthu china kuposa chizindikiro ndi chida cha mphamvu zopanda malire, ndiye zimene mobisa maloto pafupifupi aliyense.

Izi lathu ndi nthawi zonse ndi zogwirizana kwambiri. Aliyense amafuna mphamvu ndipo amakhulupirira kuti amadziŵa mwatsatanetsatane mmene tiyenera kutaya moyenera. Tirana ndi zina ankalumidwa ndi umunthu mu mbiriyakale, monga m'nthawi anakhulupirira opusa ndi kuponderezedwa. Koma aliyense amene akufuna kugula mphamvu lero, amati mwanzeru, uweme ndi zambiri uweme. Ndipo mwina NDIDZAKHALA dziko lonse malo wosangalala.

Only ngwazi za Tolkien kusiya mphete. Pali mu ntchito ya English mafumu wolemba ndi asilikali ankhondo olimba mtima, mages chachinsinsi ndipo amadziwa zonse anzeru, olemekezeka okongola ndi elves wachifundo, koma mapeto onse kugwadira ndi Hobbit yosavuta, amene anali okhoza ntchito yake ndi sanakopeke ndi mphamvu.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, wolemba unazunguliridwa ndi kuzindikira konsekonse, analandira digiri mabuku. Tolkien anamwalira mu 1973 ndipo buku lomaliza la "The Silmarillion" linasindikizidwa patapita zaka zinayi. Ntchito inatha pa mwana wa wolemba.