"Wopambana wa nthawi yathu," Pechorin: khalidwe. Nchifukwa chiyani Pechorin - "msilikali wa nthawi"?

"Hero of Our Time" - ntchito yotsiriza ya Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov, yomwe inafalitsidwa kwathunthu mu chaka cha imfa yake. Komabe, poganizira ndondomeko yonse ya chitukuko cha mlembi, tingaganize kuti, musasokoneze moyo wake mwamsanga, izi zikanangokhala chiyambi chabe. Lermontov analonjeza kuti adzakulira kukhala wolemba wamkulu wotsutsa wa Chirasha, chifukwa palibe chofanana ndi ntchitoyi yomwe inalipo mu mabuku a Russian pamenepo.

Maulosi, omwe adasintha malingaliro a ntchitoyi

Lermontov anayamba kulingalira za chiwerengero chakumapeto kwa zaka zitatu. Pakati pa makumi asanu ndi anayi inafalitsa buku loyamba la "The Hero of Our Time", ndi chaka chotsatira - chachiwiri. Iwo anali osiyana mu chiyambi, chimene Mikhail Yuryevich anawonjezerapo mu Baibulo lachiwiri. Mmenemo, adafotokoza mfundo zingapo zofunika. Choyamba, zokayikira zonse zokhudza kudziwika kwa wolembayo ndi khalidwe la ntchito, lolembedwa ndi Lermontov, "Hero of Our Time", akuchotsedwa pano. "Pechorin si ine!" - akuti Mikhail Yurievich. Iye akutsindika kuti akulemba buku osati za iye yekha, koma za msilikali wa nthawi yake.

Ndemanga yachiwiri, yomwe ili pachiyambi, inasinthiranso maumboni ambiri a malingaliro a ntchitoyi. Lermontov imatchula za naivety ya anthu, yomwe nthawi zonse imayembekezera zogwirizana kapena makhalidwe abwino. Kodi "gwero la nthawi yathu" ndi ndani? Pechorin kapena wina? Apa Mikhail Yuryevich amatsutsa poyera awo omwe pamapeto pa ntchito akuyembekeza kuwona mayankho a mafunso awo.

"Hero nthawi yathu." Kufufuza kwa Pechorin ndi kumvetsa kwake tanthauzo la moyo

Mu ntchito imeneyi Lermontov amayesa - mofanana, momveka komanso wofuna kwambiri - kuyankha funso la mtundu wa umunthu, khalidwe ndilo amene amanyamula zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa nthawi. Nanga makhalidwe amenewa amachititsidwa bwanji ndi zinthu zakunja? Nchifukwa chiani Pechorin ndi "mtsogoleri wa nthawi yathu" ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani akukhala bwino nthawi imeneyi?

Ntchitoyi ili ndi tanthauzo lovuta kwambiri. Chowonadi ndi chakuti "msilikali wa nthawi yathu" Pechorin sichimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zochitika zakunja monga, mosiyana, iye amatsutsa iwo. M'mabuku, zosachepera zochepa, zokhudzana ndi mbiriyakale, ku zochitika zazikulu za zochitika.

Chikhalidwecho chikuwoneka kuti chiripo mosiyana ndi zochitika zikuchitika panthawi ino. Ndipo amakhala moyo wosamvetsetseka. Sichimveka chimene akuyesera. Kodi iye amapanga ntchito, kodi akufuna kupeza udindo wina, kukomana ndi chikondi chenicheni. Palibe yankho la mafunso awa.

Chithunzi cha khalidwe lopangidwa ndi ena

Kodi ndi zosiyana bwanji ndi mafano ena a ntchito ya "The Hero of Our Time" ya Pechorin? Makhalidwe a umunthu wa chikhalidwe ichi amamuwonetsa ngati munthu nthawi zonse amatsutsa yekha. Ndipo komabe, owerenga amamvetsetsanso malingaliro ake, komanso ngakhale kuti ndi munthu wotani, makamaka. Mavuto khalidwe la munthu wamkulu, "wolimba mtima wa nthawiyo," akugwirizana ndi zovuta zonse za kumuyang'ana.

Mikhail Yuryevich amapanga dongosolo lovuta kwambiri, kuphatikiza osiyana nkhani ndi mboni zomwe zimafotokoza zochitikazo. Zotsatira zake, wowerenga samayankha mayankho a mafunso ake, koma ngati akusiyana nawo, amachoka kwa iwo.

Pali mafotokozedwe a zochitika zomwe Maxim Maksimovich, yemwe anali msilikali, sanachite bwino. Amakhala pafupi ndi Pechorin ndikumuchitira chifundo, koma samamuwona iyeyo kwenikweni. Chithunzi chovuta ndi chotsutsana cha khalidwe lalikulu chikuyimiridwa mu buku lonse kudzera m'maso a anthu osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo iye mwini.

Munthuyo ndi wosungulumwa komanso wozama

Osati kokha kokha, koma komanso m'malo ovuta kwambiri a ntchito "The Hero of Our Time" - Pechorin. Zizindikiro za umunthu wake zimalengedwa mothandizidwa ndi anthu ozungulira. Ndipo akamayesa munthu uyu kunja, nthawi zina malingaliro awo sagwirizana ndi malingaliro ake omwe. Monga, mwachitsanzo, Maxim amazindikira zambiri mwa iye kuposa momwe iye amachitira. Amawona zinthu zomwe iye mwiniyo saziwona.

Ndipo izi zimachitika ndi munthu aliyense yemwe, monga chikhalidwe cha buku la "Hero of Our Time" Pechorin, ladzikitsidwa mwa iyemwini. Iye alibe pafupifupi mabwenzi, kupatula kwa Dr. Werner. Ndipo ndikofunika kwambiri kuti muwone chinthu chachikulu mwa munthuyu, makhalidwe ake abwino akhoza kukhala chabe.

Chingwe cha khalidwe la munthu wamkulu

Chomwe chimakhala chotanganidwa ndi khalidwe lalikulu la ntchito "The Hero of Our Time" Pechorin? Amakhudzidwa ndi kufunafuna nthawi zonse. Ndipo nthawi zambiri amapeza chikondi, chilakolako, kuyandikira kwenikweni, kuyanjana, kugwirizana ndi mkazi.

Wokha payekha ndi munthu wachilendo kwambiri. Kuchita kulikonse kwa izo kumapangitsa kutsutsa. Chochita chirichonse sichikhala chotsatira, chimene iye ankayembekezera. Iye ali ngati wotsogolera yemwe amapanga moyo wake ndipo amadziwona yekha nthawi zonse kuchokera kunja. Ndipo zonsezi kwa munthuyo ndi zopweteka komanso zowononga. Si zachilendo kuganizira za iwe wekha.

Lingaliro lapadera la wolemba mu ntchitoyo

Mikhail Yurievich ali mwamtheradi pachiyambi. Malingana ndi ndondomeko yeniyeni ya kulemba, amapereka owerenga chinthu china chosazolowereka. Chochitika chirichonse mu bukhu chikuwoneka kuchokera ku malingaliro osiyana, ndipo palibe chomwe chiri chachikulu.

Kuti timvetsetse ntchito ya Lermontov, m'pofunikira kukonzekera nkhani zomwe zinaphatikizidwa mu buku lakuti The Hero of Our Time mu zochitika zenizeni. Mikhail Yuryevich amapanga zolemba zake zolemba, zosiyana ndi zomwe zikuchitika. Izi zimapanga luso lapadera lachitukuko cha chitukuko cha lingaliro la "msilikali wa nthawi yathu" - munthu amene amadziwika bwino kwambiri pa nthawiyi.

Ndi chiyaninso china cha ntchito "Hero of Our Time"? Mawu a Pechorin, omwe amapezeka m'mabuku onse, ali odzaza tanthauzo lozama ndikuwulula chikhalidwe cha khalidwe la munthuyo. Osakhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zake ndi luso lake kunja, kutsogolera zikhumbo zake ku chinthu china chapadera, iye amawatseka iwo payekha. Ndipo nthawi zonse amachita monga wopha anthu omwe amamukonda.

Chinsinsi cha khalidwe la protagonist

Chifukwa chake Pechorin - "wolimba mtima wa nthawi yathu", wowerenga amafufuza pa ntchito yonse, koma chifilosofi ya fano lake ili m'nkhani yakuti "Wowonongeka". Sizodziwika kuti akudzimaliza yekha ndi buku lonse. Pano pali chikhulupiliro chakuti tsogolo silingathe kutsutsana, chirichonse chimakonzedweratu pasadakhale. Ndipo maulosi a m'nkhaniyi akukwaniritsidwa mwachilendo. Ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo Pechorin, nthawi iliyonse, kutsimikiza kuti zochitika zowonongeka, zimatsutsana ndi iwo.

Uyu ndi munthu yemwe amasokoneza zochitikazo, amayesa kusintha, pokhala nthawi yomweyo akukhulupirira kuti ntchitoyi ndi yopanda phindu. Umunthu wosamvetsetseka, zochita zonse zomwe zimatsimikizira zotsatira zosiyana, ndipo chikhumbo cha ntchito chili ndi mphamvu.

Zosaoneka za wolemba m'buku

Owerenga akhoza kuganiziranso chifukwa cha nkhani yeniyeni, zenizeni, zokhudzana ndi moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Mwachitsanzo, duel ndi Grushnitsky, yomwe ili yofunika kwambiri pa nkhani ya ntchitoyo. Chombo chazaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu ndicho chofunikira cha moyo wapamwamba. Ndipo nkofunika kwambiri kuganiziranso kachidindo kameneka, kamene kamaperekedwa m'buku la "The Hero of Our Time".

Ntchito yochititsa chidwiyi inalembedwa chaka chimodzi chisanafike imfa ya ndakatuloyo, koma mosakayikira ikuwoneka kuti ikufotokozera nkhani ya duel yomwe ikubwera. Mlembi mwiniwakeyo akuwoneka mosawoneka mu chifanizo cha msilikali, koma adaperekanso Grushnitsky ndi zizindikiro za maonekedwe a Nikolai Solomonovich Martynov.

Buku la "The Hero of Our Time" linayamba chiyambi cha miyambo yonse. Popanda ntchitoyi ndi zojambulazo zomwe Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov anadza, mwinamwake sipadzakhala mabuku abwino kwambiri a Turgenev, Tolstoy. Ndi ntchito imeneyi yomwe imayambitsa nyengo yatsopano mu mabuku a Chirasha, kumene chiwerengero chimakhudza kwambiri, makamaka, mtundu wa bukuli.