Yauza mtsinje Moscow: gwero ndi kutalika (chithunzi)

The tributary waukulu wa Moscow Mtsinje mkati likulu la Russia ndi mtsinje Yauza. Beseni lomwe izo ili, ndi 452 Km ^2. M'litali - 48 Km, ndipo m'lifupi zimasiyanasiyana mamita 20 mpaka 65, makamaka zikusiyana ndi chifukwa yokumba bedi kukula. Mtsinje ukuyenda mwa madera kumpoto-kum'mawa ndi chapakati Moscow. Mu 1908, iye anawatcha malire boma la Moscow, m'dera pakati pa chipinda ndi kutsinde-Kollezhkogo confluence p. Kopytovki. The floodplain la mtsinje Yauza ili m'chigawo kumpoto kum'mawa kwa likulu. Wazunguliridwa ndi meadows ang'ono ndi minda. Mphamvu amadzimadzi mtsinje ndi 90% ndi chipale chofewa.

mafotokozedwe

Mtsinje Jauza ali 12 makhwawa bwino (Chernogryazka, Sukromka ndi ena) ndipo anachoka 5 (Golden Horn, testis). Pa magombe ake anakwezedwa Bauman Moscow State University zaumisiri. Madzi mtsinje umayenda mwa midzi Tayninka, balere, mizinda ya Moscow ndi Mytischi. Pa magombe ake zili mipingo Serafima Sarovskogo ndi Sergiya Radonezhskogo, ndi Andronika obisika. Komabe, izi si kuona zonse Tingaone, akuyandama pa izo. Pa m'mphepete mwake kukometsera zachifumu: Catherine ndi Lefortovo. Iwo imaphwera mu Moskva Mtsinje. Malowa lili Wamkulu Ustinsky mlatho. Gwero la Yauza mtsinje - dambo mu paki mbawala Island.

mbali Hrs

Jauza anatambasula mu Moscow pa makilomita 27 kuchokera Moscow mphete Road surfacing pa Chotakata Street. Otuluka mwa Babushkinskiy chigawo ndi Sviblovo, Botanical Garden, Chiyembekezo Mira, ndipo ndiye kugwa mu "kukumbatirana" ndi padoko mu Sokolniki. Inu musanafike mu Moscow mtsinje umayenda mwa Lefortovo ndi dziko lapansi khoma.

The floodplain la mtsinje Yauza pafupifupi uliri zachilengedwe zinasungidwa m'derali pakati pa chilumba ose ndi Sokolniki. Tikhoza kunena kuti malowa si bwanji ndi zaka luso. Apa izo pang'ono ndi nkhalango. Ngakhale m'madera ena kwakukulukulu pfunde kapena bwinja lokhalokha ndi namsongole. Mu zaka 60-70. chifukwa cha ntchito okhazikika kukuza bedi kwambiri yafupika mlingo wa madzi mu Yauza. Kudzaza izo, inamangidwa m'ngalande kulumikiza Volga beseni Khimki posungira ndi Golovinskoye mchere. Chifukwa yomanga imeneyi njira kuchuluka Lihoborka wodzazidwa ndi madzi, amene chisokonezo kuwoloka mtsinje Yauza.

toponymy

Mu ena mbiri yakale dzina la Yauza mtsinje wakewu Auza. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti hydronym linachokera ku Asilavo ndi Finno-Ugric zinenero. Ambiri mwina, dzina "Yauza" likugwirizana ndi Baltic mawu Auzes, komanso appellatives ake Auzaine, Auzajs, kutanthauza "ndevu", "udzu", "Mapila phesi."

mudziwe mbiri Yauza Mtsinje

Madzi kutuluka Yauza anali pafupifupi nthawi zonse waukulu polumikiza kum'mwera kwa Russia ndi Vladimir. Mu mbiri yakale zinanenedwa kuti kunali kofunika zokwanira mzindawu ndi madzi. M'zaka za m'ma XVII zombo inamangidwa pa izo. Peter Ine, mfumu yomaliza ndipo mfumu yoyamba ya Russia, analota kuti iye adzakhala kugwirizana Volga ndi Moskva Mtsinje. Apa, mbewu kumene kunachitika kupanga matanga inamangidwa.

Zilumba pafupi Yauza linaikidwa mphero kwa kusinja, kotero anthu m'deralo, makamaka chinkhoswe mu kugulitsa chakudya. Kale, mtsinjewo unali yofunika malonda mfundo, koma ndi kukula mofulumira luso mwamsanga anataya kufunika kwake. Tsopano ntchito maulendo kwa mzinda waukulu mu Russia, kuwauza anthu nkhani ndi kusonyeza kuona.

chitukuko cha navigation

Mtsinje Yauza mu Moscow ndi kutumiza, koma mu imeneyi kwa Chiwalitsiro Square ku Moscow mtsinje. Pa madzi ndi 23 milatho anthu oyenda pansi, 28 - magalimoto, 6 - chifukwa trams, komanso 6 - njanji. Apa mutha kuona ziwiya yaing'ono. Koma pa ntchito luso nthawi zambiri tikhoza kupeza sitima zazikulu bungwe "Mosvodostok". Ndi kampani chinkhoswe thandizo la dziko la mtsinje, kuonera ukhale woyera.

Ndime yodutsira angatchedwe ndi mtunda wa makilomita awiri kuchokera msewu Yaroslavl kuti Bogatyrsky mlatho. Pali nthawi zambiri ndimaoneka motorboats. Kale mu 2000, dera limeneli ntchito ya kukhazikitsanso wa Yauza, pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo luso. Madzi kutuluka sasiyana m'lifupi kwambiri. Pafupifupi magulu onse yodutsira ndizowonda zokwanira - osapitirira 25 m, kupatula headwater gawo kuti ndi pafupi Yauza matamanda a madzi. m'lifupi ndi pafupifupi 65 m. Apa mtsinje wazunguliridwa ndi embankment konkire, amene kutalika ndi 3 m.

Madera a navigation akupereka chizindikiro "Musati kusiya nangula." damu ali okonzeka ndi nyali yofiira, pachipata Syromyatnicheskaya hydro - maloboti.

Mwatsoka, mu Ages Middle mtsinje Yauza, chithunzi, pano magwero mwa kupha kukongola, lofunika kwambiri kwa boma kuposa tsopano.

Syromyatnicheskiy matamanda a madzi

Syromyatnicheskiy matamanda a madzi inamangidwa mu 1940. Inkakhala pa Yauza Mtsinje pafupi m'kamwa mwake. Dzina amachokera tanneries Pamudzi, ndi lotsatira. Apa izo okonzeka ndi "Modovodostoka" magalimoto. Court of Justice wa bungwe kusamutsidwa zinyalala anasonkhana pa Yauza ndi Moskva mtsinje, pa maziko wapadera, achite ambiri kuyeretsa ntchito ndi kuwunika boma zachilengedwe.

zaka khumi zapitazo, kukonza zinachitikadi pa matamanda a madzi a. Panthawi imeneyi, pachipata ndi anakonza zonse ndi m'malo chipata cha damu la. Ngakhale pamaso pa makonzedwe mzinda mpanda wa embankments lapansi.

Flora ndi zinyama

Gwero la mtsinje Yauza osati makamaka wolemera mu nsomba. Kumtunda amadzimadzi mtsinje amakhala nsomba, roach, ndi pansi Tingaone mamba, yowawitsa, Pike. Pali nthawi zambiri ndimaoneka atsekwe, mallard, bango bunting, Canada Goose, komanso mbalame zambiri chisa.

Mofanana ndi mitsinje yonse onyansa, yodziwika ndi mitengo imeneyi ndi nyama, onse timayandama ndi zooplankton, zoobenthos (misundu ambiri ndi mollusks), pamwamba ndi masamba akuyandama ndipo m'madzi algae. Pa umphawi woterewu wa nyama ndi zomera malo zikuluzikulu za mmene. Ili mmalire a mzinda ndi kukhala ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha zomera komanso mafakitale pa m'mphepete mwake, mtsinje zambiri labwino kwambiri wowonongeka: mafuta zinyalala ndi Popanda kuchitapo kanthu zimbudzi. nsomba basi sangathe kupulumuka wotere. Asayansi ndi zina ya misa poyizoni analemba.

mawu ochepa A za Moscow Mtsinje

Kuyankhula za mtsinje. Yauza, sitingathe kunyalanyaza m'kamwa mwake - Moscow Mtsinje. Ndi mtsinje waukulu likulu la Chitaganya cha Russia. M'litali okwana ndi 502 Podutsira Km. Moscow Mtsinje limachokera ku dambo lalikulu pafupi Starkogo (Smolensk dera). Wasefukira mu mzinda wa Kolomna mu Oka. Kuyambira nthawi zakale, pankachitika madzi zofunika kwambiri m'thupi boma, kaphatikizidwe ndi Novgorod ndi Smolensk, ndi Volga ndi Don. Mtengo yomweyo mpaka lero. Chiyambi cha dzina mtsinje amagwirizana ndi Finno-Ugric, Baltic ndi Asilavo zilankhulo. Enieni Baibulo kulibe.

The Moscow Mtsinje chonena 30-35 ya nsomba. Ambiri bream, roach ndi nsomba, makamakanso Pike, bream, chub, carp, nsomba ndi chub. Only msodzi woona mwayi kukakwera mlamba, ide, whitefish ndi nase. Pofuna kuonjezera chiwerengero cha nsomba monga Nsombazi, mtsinje opangidwa mwachangu, amene ali linanena bungwe kudzera yokumba. Chifukwa zochita za anthu mu nsomba Moscow Mtsinje kusambira mokhazikika pafupi Madamu madzi ndi nsomba. Pali anthu a mitundu monga carp, njoka yam'madzi, carp, mumapezeka nsomba ndi sabrefish.

zachilengedwe

Chifukwa chakuti mtsinje Yauza wolemera mu makampani, m'madera ena a mtsinje odzazidwa ndi zinyalala, madzi zinyalala, mafuta. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, madzi nazo kwambiri pansi fungo loipa.

Kwenikweni, kuipitsidwa mtsinje chifukwa zitsulo, organics, zizikhala zolimba, amene ali pafupifupi insoluble ndi kudziunjikira mu zikuluzikulu za. Zonsezi amapita ku madzi makampani amene amayimilira pa magombe ake. Pakati pa mzinda zodetsa mtsinje thawed, mvula ndi madzi mafakitale. Choncho khalidwe madzi chatsika.

Kuyambira kale, mtsinje unali fungo, pali zambiri zoipa effluents opangidwa pa otaya izi. Pachifukwa chimenechi, kale m'zaka za m'ma XIX, madzi chimatengedwa ngati osayenera kumwa. Koma Yauza Mtsinje Valley akadali anatha kusunga kosangalatsa. Izo zikuchitika mu gawo kumpoto kum'mawa kwa Moscow. chikhalidwe Chake akuyang'ana zachilengedwe kwambiri, amakopa anthu am'deralo amene mokondwera kubwera kumasuka ndi kukhala ndi nthawi yabwino. Zaka zingapo zapitazo, utsogoleli mzinda waika kuti mbali ya mtsinje, kuwapatsa iwo omasuka ndi zokongoletsa maonekedwe: Khazikitsani benchi ndi kulimbikitsa kwa gombe, wopalidwa njira.

Likulu Russian ali oposa 100 nyanja. Pa nthawi yomweyo mtsinje Yauza amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa mzinda ndipo sanali concede kufunika kwa mtsinje waukulu, ndi Moscow Mtsinje. Zingamvekere ntchito ya mabizinezi ambiri, ndiponso zimadalira chikhalidwe zachilengedwe za chilengedwe ake. About Yauza Mtsinje anthu amadziwa kwa zaka zambiri, kuti amagwirizana ndi ziphiphiritso zambiri mbiri ndi zinthu zofunika pa moyo wa Russia. Pa magombe ake ndi zomera ndi mchitidwe umenewu, masukulu ndi m'mapaki, mabwalo ndi nyumba zachifumu, malaibulale komanso amamanga chodabwitsa ndi kutalika ndi abwino mapulani. The floodplain la mtsinje Yauza zikuphatikizapo dziwe, wokongola ndi chidwi ndi maonekedwe awo.