Zhokhov Island: zowoneka ndi chithunzi

Kozizira wakhala chidwi wa a panyanjawa ndi apaulendo, koma anakhalabe gawo pang'ono odziwika, amasunga kwambiri zinsinsi. Chimodzi mwa zinsinsi zake ndi yaing'ono chilumba Zhokhova amene anthu ankasakidwa zimbalangondo ngakhale zaka 8000 zapitazo. Zikuluzikulu ntchito kafukufuku kuti akutsatiridwa pachilumbachi, kuthandiza funsolo, kusintha nyengo ndi nkhope ya dziko kwa zaka.

makhalidwe Geographical kwa chilumba Zhokhova

Zhokhova chilumba lili madzi a East Siberia Sea. Iye ali m'gulu la Islands De Long, ndi chimodzi cha Chatsopano Siberia Islands. Adzaupereka kwa dera la Republic of Sakha (Russia). Mtunda ku Chile ndi makilomita 440, yapafupi thereto Vilkitsky chilumba ili 40 Km. Chilumba akutambasula m'litali kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kummwera ndi 11 Km, m'lifupi chakumpoto ndi 10 Km kutali, mu kum'mwera kwa kuli 4 kuchokera kutali.

Total m'dera - mamita lalikulu 58. Km. Pamwamba pa mtunda mapiri. Phiri lalitali ali ndi msinkhu wa mamita 120. Pa chiwembu kakang'ono ka dziko pali ena mathamandawa yaing'ono, nyanja, mitsinje ikuyenda kuti ndi madzi abwino. Chilumba cha yosalala lathyathyathya gombe mu gawo kum'mwera kum'mawa. Kumpoto ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo otsetsereka a ku phompho, kutalika awo m'madera ena ukufika mamita 12. Osaya nyanja gombe la chilumba. Iwo amaundana mu September, ndi kupanga khola ayezi chivundikiro kuyambira chiyambi cha October.

Kapangidwe Geological chilumbacho

Zhokhova chilumba chinapangidwa zaka miliyoni 10-20 zapitazo. Kapangidwe mpumulo wapangidwa ndi pansi ayezi ndi miyala ili Madzi oundana a. Ena mwa iwo ndi miyala basalt ndi ksenolitovye mtundu umene pali inclusions wa olivine. Iwo apanga kutumphuka zikuluzikulu, zobisika pansi zigawo wandiweyani wa malasha ayezi.

Pa gombe nthaka ndi mchenga-matope, thawing amene angazindikire tusks yaikuluyi ndi akavalo Chipembere fupa ndi nyama zina. anapezazo awa likuonetsera kuti chilumba Zhokhova, amene panopa Madzi oundana zone, zaka zikwi zingapo zapitazo anali malo a pozizira. Pa Geological mchere ntchito garnet apezeka pano, zircon, apatite ndi ena mchere.

Flora ndi zinyama chilumbacho

Zhokhova Island, zithunzi zimene Tingaone m'nkhani, - ichi ndi Arctic Titafika pamalo. Wapakati mpweya kutentha ndi -7 ° C, mu nthawi yozizira akafika madigiri 40 Celsius pa mphepo liwiro 40 m / gawo. Mu yochepa Arctic chilimwe, zomwe zimachitika mu July ndi August, nthaka alibe nthawi m'firiji pamtunda poipa kwambiri. Choncho, dziko chomera limaoneka ndi ndere woonda, lichens ndi udzu kukula m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Pafupifupi onse mamembala a zomera ndi mbamuikha pansi, akuthawira ku mphepo yozizira. Pachilumbachi pali yothandizira zomera chivundikirocho. M'madera ambiri pa malo a zochita pamiyala. Koma ngakhale wotere nkhanza zina zopezeka poppies kumalo ozizira ndi saxifrage.

Chifukwa kuzizira nyengo ndi zochepa zomera zinyama chilumba Zhokhova wosiyana zosiyanasiyana. Pano mukhoza kupeza chambiri mbalame nyanja, koma nthumwi zake zazikulu ndi nkhandwe ndi zimbalangondo. Nyama zam'madzi moyo kuno, walruses ndi zisindikizo kuti ndinazolowera akukhala m'nyumba wankhanza wa Arctic. Komanso, pali zinsomba ndi wakupha zinsomba. M'nthawi ya chilimwe mu madzi a chilumba munakwanisa kuona abakha kumpoto ndi atsekwe.

Kumalo ozizira siteshoni nyengo pachilumba

Mu 1955, pachilumba cha siteshoni kumalo ozizira, ntchito anthu 28 anali bungwe. Opweteka Arctic zone alibe anthu okhazikika. Kusintha kumalo ozizira imachitika pa zaka ziwiri. Pa siteshoni anali kuyang'aniridwa nyengo kutsatira zokwawa ntchito zivomerezi m'dera la ayezi zilumba De Long.

Mafuta kachitidwe dizilo, katundu ndi zipangizo kwa chilumba cha ndege An-12. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, ndege inamangidwa zing'onozing'ono matabwa. Makalatawa malawi, siteshoni nyengo, wailesi chipinda, komwera mowa, khitchini. Pamene Soviet Union linagwa, ndi mavuto ndi okwanira ndi kukonza wa zomangamanga msewu. Ndalama phunziro la Arctic wakhala mipingo. Mu 1993 siteshoni chinatsekedwa.

Kufunika chitukuko wa Novosibirsk Islands zilumba, kuphunzira zinthu ayezi ndi zinthu Mapa kachiwiri ananyamuka mogwirizana ndi chakuti mu Arctic anapeza miyala ya mafuta ndi mpweya ndi zinthu zina mchere. Mu 2014, linadzamangidwanso kuzipenya nyengo mu madzi a m'nyanja kumpoto. pulogalamu analowa chilumbacho Zhokhova, amene anaika yaotomatiki siteshoni nyengo. Pakali pano, izo transmits deta za nyengo mu Roshydromet.

Mbiri ya Kupezeka kwa chilumbachi

Ayenera kuphunzira kumpoto Nyanja Route anaonekera mu Russia atagonjetsedwa ku nkhondo ndi Japan mu 1904-1905 Chaka chimenechi anatenga kusamutsa khoti ku Nyanja Baltic kuti kugombe la Far East. Kuti tichite zimenezi, hydrographic ulendo analengedwa. Iye anaganiza ndime ya Ocean Arctic ku Bering Strait ku Nyanja Barents. Palibe ndinadziwa ndiye kuti kumpoto cha ku Taimyr Peninsula ndi zilumba zazikulu.

Mpaka 1912 kugwira ntchito anafufuza Bering Strait ndi nyanja ozungulira. Mu 1913 anaganiza kusuntha kwa Chukotka kuti Arkhangelsk pa Chombo cha "Taimyr" ndi "Vaigach". Anawalamula atsogoleri a BA ndi PA Vilkitsky Novopashenny. Pa kusintha ndi kuchangamutsa anali kumwazikana. "Taimyr" anapita ku Cape Chelyuskin, ndi "Vaigach" anayamba kufunafuna "Sannikov Land", limene anaona. Popeza nyanja bata, ndipo ayezi padziko pafupifupi palibe chombo anadzera njira inali kumpoto patsogolo.

August 14, 1914 Officer Watch Aleksey Nikolaevich Zhohov mwaona East Siberia Nyanja chilumba. Iye sanali pa mapu. Iye chilumbachi dzina Novopashennym. Pamene Captain PA Novopashenny anasamuka ku Russia mu 1926 chilumbacho anadzatchedwa ulemu kwa chilumba Zhokhova msilikali amene anamuona choyamba.

Zhohovskaya magalimoto

Mu nthawi kuchokera 2000 mpaka 2005 pachilumba ikuchitika zofukulidwa. Panthawi imeneyi, tinapeza magalimoto wakale anthu kumpoto chinkhoswe mu kupha zimbalangondo ndi mbawala yamphongo. Ndipo asayansi kubwera ku chilumba Zhokhova. Zosangalatsa mu mawonekedwe a zakale ku zofukulidwa m'mabwinja, anayamba kuphunzira mwatsatanetsatane. Mwa njira, anapezazo amenewa akusonyeza kuti anthu anakhala pano zaka 7,8-8 zikwi zapitazo. Malo okwana imene yomanga ikuchitika, anali 570 sq. m. Mu mndandanda wa amapeza archeological kuti mwala, nkhuni, tusks amphamvu, ndi birch zinthu makungwa basketry.

Amadziwika kuti pamudzi anali pakati pa 25 ndi 50 anthu, amene anali akazi. zinthu anapeza zikusonyeza kuti nyama ya zimbalangondo kudyedwa, amene sanali mu aliyense wa midzi kumpoto anapezeka kale. Mtundu kumpoto komanso ankasakidwa kupeza tsitsi. zotsalira chigoba agalu apezeka, zimene zinasonyeza kuti anali wamkulu pa chilumba.

Chifukwa cha kafukufuku zovuta anapeza kuti anthu amene ankakhala pa chilumba Zhokhova a banja chinenero Ural. Iwo anabwerera ku Urals ndi Western Siberia. Panopa dera East Siberia Arctic anaphunzira wamng'ono. Komabe, singathe la Russia zofuna njira ndi chidwi chachikulu osati kwa andale komanso Akatswiriwa, akatswiri asayansi.