Ziganizo za Lermontov andakatulo ena. Mawu a anthu kwambiri Lermontov

Mihail Yurevich Lermontov ndi chidaliro chonse angatchedwe waukulu Russian wolemba. talente yake zapadera sanatipatse zotsatira zonse kuwulula yochepa, moyo zomvetsa chisoni ikayandikira. Kwambiri zosangalatsa za Lermontov monga umboni wa wamwalira, kutsatira ndakatulo ku manda ake. Otsalira pambuyo pa imfa ya ntchito yake mu mtundu wanyimbo andakatulo, prose ndi sewero, oyambirira a zimene zinalembedwa mu zaka khumi ndi zinayi, kupereka lingaliro la momwe chachikulu wanzeru anatayika kuti mabuku zoweta ndi dziko.

Chiwonetsero cha wanzeru latsopano

Waukulu talente Lermontov unadziwika kwa anthu mu 1837, pambuyo ndakatulo odzipereka Aleksandru Sergeevichu Pushkinu ndi imfa yake fateful. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, pafupifupi palibe mbali imodzi Lermontov chokwanira popanda kutchula dzina la Pushkin, ndipo ofufuza ambiri ayamba kuganizira ndakatulo achinyamata m'malo mwake.

Amadziwika kuti pa maliro a munthu wakufayo namatetule Pushkin, wolemba ndi maonekedwe onse V. F. Odoevsky anati kakasi: "likamalowa Russian ndakatulo" Kenako, mawu awo adawoneka mbiri yamoyo wake. Zikuoneka kuti palibe ndi sadzamva chimodzimodzi chachiwiri mbuye Russian mawu, monga anali Pushkin. Koma posachedwapa zinaonekeratu kuti izo siziri choncho.

Luna Russian ndakatulo

Maonekedwe a ndakatulo yachisoni ndi wokwiya olembedwa ndi pang'ono odziwika ndiye mphalasa Mihailom Lermontovym, osati anachititsa chakukhosi mu mabwalo apamwamba, koma anasonyezanso kuti m'chizimezime zolembalemba limatuluka kuwala kwatsopano. Ngati Pushkin anali mwadzidzidzi likamalowa Russian ndakatulo, ndiye m'malo mwake Lermontov anali kotulukira mwezi. Mu chitsanzo ichi yophiphiritsa alakatuli uwiri lagona tanthauzo kuposa zikuoneka pa koyamba. ntchito Pushkin, kaya ndakatulo kapena prose, lodzala ndi dzuwa, ndi kuwala golide wowala. Pamene ntchito Lermontov a limatulutsa wapadera, yowala ndi wangwiro kuwala kwake, wodzazidwa ndi zachinsinsi, lachinsinsi kukongola ndi womveka siliva chowala.

udindo Belinsky a ndakatulo ndi prose wa Lermontov

Ophunzira onse a ndakatulo ya masewera kungakhale mawu a anthu kwambiri Lermontov. Pochokera woyamba kugwirizana Caucasus amene watumidwa pa ndakatulo pa imfa ya Pushkin, ndakatulo wamng'ono Mikhail Lermontov anayambitsa owerenga ndi otsutsa angapo a ndakatulo latsopano ndi ndakatulo "The Chiwanda" ndi "Mtsyri". Ntchito za olemba atsopano mwansangala osati anthu kuwerenga, komanso abale ena a kutsutsa zolembalemba cha zaka. Ochititsa chidwi maganizo Vissariona Grigorevicha Belinskogo, amene ankatchedwa "wolamulira wa m'maganizo a achinyamata," pakati pa zaka za m'ma XIX.

Kulankhula wofunika kwambiri za Belinsky Lermontov, kuti wotchuka wotsutsa oyamba anaona zochuluka zachilengedwe talente wolemba ndakatulo wamng'ono. "Young kwambiri talente Lermontov anapeza osati admirers odzipereka, komanso adani oopsa, kuti ndi zambiri zoona zokha talente" - anatsindika Belinsky m'nkhani wake "The ndakatulo Mihaila Lermontova" akufalitsidwa "Mfundo za Lathu" magazini mu 1840. Mu review womwewo wa wotsutsa otchuka taonera yaikulu kulenga angathe wolemba wamng'ono monga "zatsopano woyamba kwambiri Lermontov akuneneratu tsogolo chinachake kwambiri kwambiri." Komanso, Belinsky moyenerera anati: "Luntha igunda Lermontov mosadziwa kudabwa aliyense amene ali ndi tanthauzo zokongoletsa."

Great wolemba ndi munthu wokhulupirika

M'makalata a 1839 Belinsky amalankhula pochita nacho chidwi cha ndakatulo "mitengo atatu dzanja" ndipo ananena kuti wolemba mankhwala - ". Talente watsopano ndi mphamvu" Belinsky analemba kuti achinyamata Russian ndakatulo "mwanaalirenji" ndiponso "ya ziwanda" talente "amene amabisala chinachake chachikulu." Potero publicist kachiwiri limatsindika digiri yapamwamba ya talente zolembalemba ndi Lermontov, pang'onopang'ono owonetseredwa mwapang'ono.

Nditawerenga buku "Hero Nthawi," Belinsky anati chimodzimodzi wachangu: "The kalembedwe buku la - ubwino wa mphezi, nkhonyayo lupanga, amene atabalalika ngale veleveti! Ganizo lakuti pafupi mu mtima wa aliyense amene amaganizira, mmene amaonera basi ... kuziwona izo anabvomereza mtima wake. "

Ndipo ngakhale msonkhano woyamba ndi amene analowa m'malo mwa wotsutsa wotchuka Pushkin zinalephereka Komabe, munthu nkhani zawo wachiwiri zinali zabwino. Belinsky anasangalala osati mwa ntchito Lermontov, koma pa zokonda zokongoletsa ndi maganizo a moyo a ndakatulo iyi. Malinga ndi G. Vissarion, Lermontov ngati munthu anali "amphumphu ndi chikhalidwe kwathunthu" ndi "mzimu kwambiri ndi lamphamvu." Pofotokoza makhalidwe a ndakatulo iyi, wotsutsa limati "wakhala kokondweretsa kuwona chilled wake, chosakhulupirira zimene iye anafotokoza maganizo a moyo ndi mbewu za anthu a chikhulupiriro chozama mu ulemu wa onse."

anthu otchuka pa Lermontov

F. Bodenshtedt, mmodzi wa otembenuza Mikhail Yurevich, anati ngakhale kuti anali "zotengera malingaliridwe ndakatulo, iye akanakhoza nthawi yomweyo kukhala cholinga" choncho, "uli ndi chochita ndi olemba opambana nthawi zonse, n'zoona kuti chilengedwe umalimbikitsa nthawi yake ndi zabwino zake zonse ndi wowumitsa wapadera. "

Mikhail Lermontov sanali kokha wanzeru zolembalemba, komanso nthumwi ya anthu amene a Aisiraeli. Choncho, wapatali kwambiri phunziro la cholowa kulenga mfundo zosiyanasiyana ndakatulo ya anthu kwambiri Lermontov. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti si onse a amuna awa anali wolumikizidwa bwino ndi ndakatulo iyi, ndipo Maulendo olembedwa zaka zambiri pambuyo pa imfa yake, monga yonena Lermontov inaletsedwa tsarist kufufuza. Komabe, zilipo magwero olembedwa kuchokera m'nthawi wotchuka Lermontov angapeze kwambiri chuma chidwi ndi nkhani.

Osati zodziwika bwino monga critiques Vissariona Belinskogo, koma palibe mawu zochepa zosangalatsa za ndakatulo zina Lermontov, amene angapezeke mu ndakatulo kudzipereka kwa iye, makalata yofanana ndi Maulendo, nkhani ndi zina zotero. D.

Apollon Grigoriev pa Lermontov

Wolemba ndakatulo wotchuka, womasulira mabuku wotsutsa za m'ma XIX. Apollon Grigoriev analemba kuti Mikhail Lermontov, "ali ndi malo apamwamba mu mbiri ya nayonso mphamvu athu monga ndakatulo woona wa mbadwo wake wa chisoni". Grigoriev ananenanso zolinga chosintha ambiri ndakatulo Lermontov, chifukwa iwo "umunthu kumalire kwambiri za matchalitchi awo." Malinga kutsutsako, anafotokoza mu ndime chikhumbo cha kusintha ndi mzimu wa ufulu akhala chifukwa "chitsutso cha stagnation ... zitalephereka mu Lermontov chinachake chachikulu, chimene icho chinali."

ndakatulo kudzipereka

Matanthauzo a "wamkulu", "umphumphu", "kwambiri" ayende mfundo zambiri za Lermontov. andakatulo ena ananenanso ndi champhamvu kulenga talente, ndi kwaiye chifukwa cha ntchito Lermontov a. Wake "mzere, ngati nkhonya zigawenga, chinthu mtima anapita" - spellbound amadzinenera wolemba ndakatulo ya Soviet lothandiza Jaroslav Smelyakov. "Mu kuwunika kopitirira ozungulira malo ochezera Lermontov" sizikanakhoza kukhala osayanjanitsika, "- anati tate wa Russian ophiphiritsa Valeriy Bryusov ndi kulingalira zosiyanasiyana ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale zotsutsana mawu Lermontov a anafotokoza kuti iye anali" kuyambira nyimbo za ... kuti atemberera mofulumira ".

Konstantin Balmont za Mikhail Yuryevich

zokumana wapadera ndi maganizo Lermontov ndakatulo zina zimaonekera ndakatulo ambiri odzipereka kwa iye. . Mwachitsanzo, Konstantin Balmont, wotchuka ndakatulo ya XIX mochedwa - oyambirira XX zaka anadzipereka pokumbukira Mikhail Yurevich mizere zotsatirazi:

Mu ndakatulo chomwecho Balmont ndi kuzizwa limanena kuti Lermontov "mwayekha namatetule" ndiponso "woipa mtima anali." mawu ambiri onena Lermontov andakatulo ena amene anali m'nthawi yake, ndipo ena ankakhala Patatha zaka, mu kuchotsedwa awo kupereka kumvetsa zimene mphamvu, akachita ndakatulo Lermontov, ndi anatha kum'manga Nthawi osiyana ndi mibadwo.

Lermontov ogwidwa, aphorisms, mawu, mawu,

Lermontov Mihail Yurevich anasiya tiyeni yosatha, koma olemera luso cholowa. Ambiri a mizere akhala mawu mapiko, epigraphs, ndipo ngakhale mayina a ena ntchito zolembalemba. Mwachitsanzo, nkhani Kataev otchedwa mzere wa ndakatulo Lermontov a "Lone White kupalasa".

Quotes ku prose wa Mikhail Yurevich

Wotchuka Russian ndakatulo a ambiri anzeru mawu, mawu ogwidwa ndi mawu. Lermontov akanatha ndi prose ntchito kufotokoza maganizo ake mwa ndakatulo. N. V. Gogol ngakhale kamodzi ananena kuti "palibe amene koma olembedwa, tili ndi ufulu amenewa, okongola ndi onunkhira prose."

Quotes ku ndakatulo ya Lermontov

Wolemba ndakatulo yekha kotero analankhula za luso la ndakatulo: "Ngati ndakatulo si kuphatikiza yosavuta phokoso, ndiye mosakayikira, ndi mawonekedwe kwambiri wokongola zimene munthu akhoza kuganizira kuikidwa." Awa ndi ndime ndipo analenga Mihail Yurevich Lermontov. Quotes, mawu ndi aphorisms, lomwe pa zaka ziwiri zapitazi, anayamba Aisiraeli ambiri a ntchito zake, anagunda chuma cha chinenero ndi cholondola cha ganizo.

Zachilendo za ndakatulo iyi

The chidwi kwambiri mfundo za Lermontov monga umboni wa wamwalira, anamutsatira kuti manda. Malodza Mikhail Yurevich anawonetseredwa mu chikhulupiriro cholimba kuti pamwamba pa zonse izo anabadwa liwakhalira temberero. Choncho ena a m'nthawi amatsogolera kuwauza nkhani, monga tsiku pamene Lermontov anabadwa ya chi ananeneratu za imfa wake ali wamng'ono ndipo si yachibadwa. ndakatulo anasankha asanamwalire yoyang'anira za tsogolo la kuponya ndalama: ngati mphungu adzaleka - kufunika kupita Regiment, ndipo ngati michira - imatumizidwa Pyatigorsk patchuthi. ndalamayo anagwa michira mmwamba. Patapita milungu iwiri, Lermontov anaphedwa duel pafupi Pyatigorsk.

Ndipotu ina chidwi za ndakatulo iyi - kuti onse khumi ndi moyo zithunzi kapena amapereka chithunzi thunzi chokwanira cha maonekedwe ake. Titsimikizidwa a m'nthawi yake, nayenso, mosatsata wapadera: ena kulemba kuti Lermontov anali maso aakulu ndi chipumi chachitali, ndi ena - M'malo mwake, kuti maso ake anali wamng'ono ndi yopapatiza, ndipo mphumi - otsika.

Ambiri ofanana ambiguity lagona mu zochitika za imfa ndakatulo, ndipo makamaka umunthu wake. Kodi tinganene, ngakhale kamodzi bwino zolembalemba namatetule sanathe kupereka yankho lenileni la funso la munthu wotani anali Mikhail Lermontov. converge chimodzi chokha chi: anthu ochepa kwambiri kuchokera msonkhano woyamba, zinapatsira ndi mtima wabwino, chifukwa chiopsezo chawo ndi chikhalidwe kwambiri a ndakatulo iyi zambiri zobisika pansi pa amati a mnyozo ofotokozedwa zoipa.

pomaliza

Lermontov Mihail Yurevich - "ndakatulo m'badwo," monga anamuitana Apollon Grigoriev. ndakatulo wake ndi prose makamaka analemba zimathandizadi maganizo chithunzi cha achinyamata nthawi yake. Komabe, katswiri undoubted ntchito Lermontov ndi kuti awombe woona, ndipo patapita zaka.

Ndakatulo ndi prose wa Lermontov owerenga pafupi, pamene anthu ambiri ali ku malo ofanana chikhalidwe, zinagwirapo ndi chingalepheretse zovuta ndi anayesedwanso chimodzimodzi. Komatu Lermontov wogwidwa talente zokwanira kusonyeza zimenezi.