Zimayambitsa kusintha yachifumu ku Russia

Nthawi ya kusintha yachifumu amatchedwa nthawi ya mbiri Russian anatsata imfa ya Peter ine, pamene kulanda mphamvu mu dziko la ikuchitika kulakwila lamulo ladziko.

Akuti wolemba ndi mbiri VO Klyuchevskii. Iye amakhulupirira kuti nthawi ya coups yachifumu inayamba mu 1725 ndi imfa ya Petra Velikogo ndipo idatha 1762 pambuyo pa ulamuliro wa Catherine II. Komabe, pali maganizo kuti ovuta ano anabwerera mu 1801 mogwirizana ndi kupha Paulo I. olemba mbiri ena kupeza zizindikiro za nthawi iyi mu chiwembu wa Decembrists.

The zifukwa kwa coups pabwalo - chosowa malamulo omveka bwino a motsatizana ndi kusowa kwa ntchito malamulo ndale; mikangano osathetsedwa pakati pa ulamuliro wa mfumu, olamulira ndi anthu otchuka.

Tiyeni tione zifukwa izi.

Mu 1722 Peter Ine anapereka "hayala wa Kusinthana", pa maziko amene, wachifumu Panadutsa kuti osiyanasiyana anthu, osati Amlowam'malo mwachindunji mfumu. Komabe nthawi asanamwalire mfumu ananyamuka ndi kugawanika choyamba. gulu Political, lotsogoledwa ndi Apraksin, anaumirira yomanga la mpando wachifumu wa mdzukulu Peter Ine pa udindo wake monga mkazi regent wa mfumu, Catherine I.

gulu lina, kutsogozedwa ndi Prince Menshikov, anali apanga autocratic mfumukazi Catherine. Chifukwa cha artful intrigue ndi phukusi Army Catherine A. anakwezedwa pa mpando wachifumu mu 1725. Atamwalira mu 1727 funso mphamvu zayamba kachiwiri. Wachifumu anasamutsidwa kuti Peter II chifukwa cha zokhota wa mndandanda.

Zimayambitsa coups yachifumu sanaganizire chilakolako cha ntchito kusintha dongosolo la ndale alipo kapena kuchita kusintha kulikonse. Mbali khalidwe la chi anali nkhondo yofuna mphamvu, iwo amati, "mu maonekedwe ake kopambana." ndi magulu onse chikumenyana anali umalimbana yekha pa kupeza mphamvu ndi chuma payekha.

Zimayambitsa coups yachifumu kuyambira 1727 tikusonkhana ndi kupasula Menshikov, amene analamulira dziko kwa zaka 3. Monga nthumwi odziwa ndi kuchenjerera, komabe iye anachita cholakwa kwambiri chifukwa cha khungu. Akhaipisa kugona ndi ogwirizana ake, mwamsanga anataya zonse kuzifuna kwa nthawi yaitali. Kulanda lenileni la mphamvu Dolgoruky ndi Golitsyn. Kachiwiri, pali kufunika kufufuza wolowa nyumba ufumu monga Peter II anafa nthomba.

zifukwa zinanso coups yachifumu anali wodzilemekeza ndi kusaina chikhalidwe, zomwe okha mphamvu ya amene anakwera wachifumu wa mphwanga Petro - Anny Kurlyandskoy (Anny Ioannovny). Iye analembetsa chikalatacho, kusiya ena mphamvu mu mtima wa bungwe atamva. Nthawi ya ulamuliro wake, kotero kuti anali kugwirizana ndi nkhanza kulimbirana.

Pambuyo Anna Kurlyandskaya yodulidwa poyera chikhalidwe, Dolgoruky banja anali pafupifupi kuwonongedwa ndi kulimbana ndi ulamuliro kubwera nkhope zatsopano, kuphatikizapo ankakonda Mfumukazi Biron, BK Munnich ndi AP Volyn.

Zimayambitsa kusintha yachifumu ku Russia akhala imakhudza kuti mavuto azandale, komanso amakhalidwe anthu pafupi ndi mfumu. Nthawi zina, ntongi akhali chabe mukuyerekezera Komatu dziko ankalamulidwa ndi olemekezeka.

Popeza imfa ya Peter Ine la 1762 anali abwanamkubwa asanu mu Russia. coups kwambiri chinachitika ndi nawo Alonda. Akatswiri ena yerekezerani imeneyi ya Russia kuchokera mochedwa Roma, pamene kawirikawiri panali kusintha mphamvu, ndi coups asilikali nawo.

Kotero, ife anayang'ana pa za coups yachifumu, zimayambitsa cha zimene zinaphatikizapo hayala a motsatizana otsalira pambuyo pa ulamuliro wa Peter Ine, komanso kulimbana mphamvu mwa mabanja olemekezeka a osankhika akulamulira.

Mphamvu nthawi yaitali sanakhale ndi manja omwewo, olamulira mu Russia, anapambana mzake mofulumira kwambiri. Mapeto a nthawi imeneyo yokha anabwera ndi inalowa la Catherine Wamkulu, amene anali wokhoza kukhazikitsa bata mu boma.