Zinkakhalira Mars: chinsinsi cha dziko chachinayi

Mars, wachinayi dziko ku mtunda Sun kalekale nkhani chidwi a sayansi dziko. Dziko lino ndi ofanana kwambiri lapansi mu imodzi yaing'ono koma koopsya kupatulapo - m'mlengalenga Martian ndi zosakwana imodzi peresenti ya m'mlengalenga. Envelopu gaseous a dziko lililonse ndi kutithandiza kuona ulili maonekedwe ndi padziko zinthu. Amadziwika kuti zonse zolengedwa olimba dongosolo dzuwa anapanga pafupifupi zinthu zomwezo m'chigawo 240 Mill. Makilomita kutali ndi dzuwa. Ngati zikhalidwe za mapangidwe a Dziko Lapansi ndi Mars zinali zofanana, ndiye tsopano mayiko awa ali osiyana?

The makulidwe cholinga - Mars anapanga ku zinthu mofanana Earth pena madzi ndi otentha zachitsulo pachimake, komanso lathuli. Umboni - ambiri zinatha mapiri pa pamwamba pa Mars. Koma "wofiira dziko" n'chochepa kwambiri kusiyana Earth. Kotero, ndipo izo utakhazikika pansi msanga. Pamene madzi pachimake kwathunthu utakhazikika ndi aliuma, anamaliza ndondomeko ya convection, ndi izo osaonekanso, ndi chishango maginito ya dziko - ndi magnetosphere. Umene dziko kumanzere chitetezo ndi mphamvu yowononga ya dzuwa, ndi mlengalenga Mars anali pafupifupi mwathunthu lotengeka ndi mphepo dzuwa (chimphona nyukiliya mtsinje wa particles ionized). "Red Planet" wakhala chipululu chopanda moyo chisoni ...

Tsopano zinkakhalira pa Mars ndi chipolopolo zonyalazo mpweya akatulutsidwa sangathe kulimbana malowedwe a kuimfa cheza dzuwa, yotentha padziko lapansili. Mars matenthedwe yosangalala ndi malamulo angapo ukulu ang'onoang'ono kuposa Mwachitsanzo, Venus, amene m'mlengalenga ndi lolemererapo kwambiri. Mars m'mlengalenga kukhala otsika kwambiri matenthedwe mphamvu amapanga yapadera kwambiri tsiku pafupifupi zizindikiro mphepo liwiro.

Zikuchokera Mars m'mlengalenga yodziwika ndi okhutira kwambiri mpweya woipa (95%). Komanso, m'mlengalenga muli asafe (za 2,7%), argon (za 1.6%) ndi zazing'ono kuchuluka kwa mpweya (zosaposa 0,13%). Atmospheric mavuto Mars nthawi 160 kuposa padziko lapansili. Mosiyana m'mlengalenga, mpweya envelopu pano ali ndi kutchulidwa zimasintha khalidwe chifukwa chakuti zisoti kumalo ozizira a dzikoli, muli wambirimbiri carbon dioxide, ndi Sungunulani amaundana chifukwa mkombero chaka chimodzi.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku kuwapeza kafukufuku spacecraft «Mars Express», Mars m'mlengalenga lili kuchuluka kwa dziko. The peculiarity mpweya izi kudzitsitsa ake mofulumira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kwinakwake mu dziko ayenera kukhala gwero la dziko kubwezeretsa. Mungasankhe akhoza kukhala awiri okha pano - ntchito kapena nthaka, kuda amene sanapezeke, kapena ntchito za tizilombo, chimene chingathe atapeza kumvetsa kwathu pamaso pa matumba a moyo mu dongosolo la zowalitsa.

Khalidwe zotsatira Mars m'mlengalenga ndife fumbi mikuntho, amene akhoza kukwiya miyezi. Izi mpweya mwamphamvu chivundikiro dziko Amakhala makamaka mpweya woipa ndi inclusions zazing'ono mpweya ndi madzi nthunzi. Ichi ndi chifukwa zotsatira achezera yokoka otsika kwambiri a Mars, kulola ngakhale wapamwamba-rarefied m'mlengalenga kukwezedwa pamwamba ndi kuligwira kwa nthawi yaitali, mabilioni a matani a fumbi.