Zithunzi Petrov-Vodkin: chizindikirochi-penti nkhope za nthawi osaopa

Ngati wina pamwamba pa pulogalamu miyoyo ya anthu, poyerekezera ndi iye aganiza kuti kuchepetsa m'maganizo ndi sichidalira chimango iliyonse. Mwana wa yokonza nsapato kuchokera m'zigawo kutali ndi dzina awiri, ngati parody wa pseudonym, ndipo dzina la Chipangano Chakale anapita ku Ulaya ndi Africa, ndipo anakwatiwa ndi French chiyambi Chisebiya.

Zithunzi Petrov-Vodkin ankaona kulibe Mulungu osamva pafupi ndi okhulupirira, aesthetes ndi okanidwa, ofiira ndi oyera. Iye ankatchedwa mneneri, ndi chiwanda, ndipo iyo inali chabe wojambula.

Wosoka wa Khlynovsky

maina kawiri nthawi zambiri mphotho kwa zazikulu - amene sakudziwa Suvorov-Rymniksky kapena Potemkin-Transdanubian ... Burlaka wa Volga Khvalynsk dzina lake Peter otchedwa Vodkin kaya ndi zizolowezi kudziwika, kaya chifukwa zinachitika luso mayi ake Euphrosyne unachitika nawoni kwa pansi anthu.

Pamene mu 1878 mdzukulutuvi wake anabadwa - Kuzma, ndiye olembedwa kuti Vodkin. Atate Kuzma - SERGEY - anali yokonza nsapato, koma aliyense ankamudziwa monga teetotaler olimbikira, ndipo iye anali kunena kuti mwana wake kuti: ". Choyamba, inu - Petrov, ndiyeno kokha - Vodkin" Choncho dzina awiri, chifukwa mu ogulitsa mantha, okhometsa ndi okonda zojambulajambula - Petrov-Vodkin. Kuzma Sergeyevich zonse kumbukirani chiyambi chawo, makolo amanyadira ndi kufufuza pa mtsinje wa Volga amatilimbikitsa zovuta.

zaka kuphunzira

Njira Yake, iye anayamba ndi mawu oyamba kuti Bogomazov, anayambitsa naye luso utoto chiphunzitso, priming matabwa, ndi njira iconography. Iye sanali yomweyo anaganiza kusankha zochita pa moyo, iye anali remontschikom pa ngalawa Volga ndipo anafuna kulowa sukulu sitima ku Samara.

Ngakhale kuti analibe maphunziro ambiri (nchifukwa chake iye sanali kukhoza mayeso kwa chikuonetseratu ku koleji ku zii), Kuzma osiyana chizolowezi nkhambakamwa ndi akatswiri generalizing view a m'dzikoli. Zithunzi Petrov-Vodkin anamanga pa mfundo zokhudzana ozungulira, ndi nthawi yoyamba anaganizira ake wachinyamata. Kenako anafotokozanso mmene pambuyo nkhondo unagwera pa nsana wake, anayang'ana kumwamba ndipo ndinaona kupindika kaja ndi pamwamba yogwira lofufuma kwambiri mbali imodzi ya. Ine ndikumverera Dziko Lapansi Pulaneti - kuti anali kutsogoleredwa yekha ndipo kenako anaphunzitsa ophunzira ake.

Makalasi a kupenta kujambula chithunzicho Fe Burov ku Samara, Central School of zaumisiri Chojambula wa Baron Stieglitz ku St. Petersburg School of Painting, Chithunzi ndi Zomangamanga mu Moscow School of wojambula Aschbe ku Munich - awa ndi magawo a kuphunzira mwini. Iye anali mwana wa Serov kwambiri ndi Korovin, Levitan kuphunzira malo, msonkhano ankaphunzira zinthu zakale kwambiri mu Europe. Zotsatira zake zinali mkulu mlingo wa chidziwitso ndi luso zojambula ndi zithunzi, ndiye zinamupatsa kukhala mphunzitsi wa sukulu, kukhazikika pa maziko a St. Petersburg Academy of Tirhana.

mnyamata mafunde

Sanazindikire iliyonse ya malamulo pa ntchito kapena moyo. Analemba prose, masewero - nthawi ina anayenera kusankha pakati pa mabuku ndiponso kupenta. Ndi ndalama firm- njinga wopanga amachita ndi cholinga malonda njinga ulendo wa ku Ulaya, pa nthawi yomweyo likukwaniritsa European zomangamanga ndi luso kusonkhanitsa katswiri. Kuphunzira geophysics ndi cosmogony, ndipo membala wa French asayansi. Zochitika kuphulika kwa Vesuvius ndipo amayenda kudutsa Sahara ndi Bedouins.

Mlendo nyumba pafupi Paris, anakumana ndi mwana mbuye ndi limatiuza kuti iye ndi mkazi wake. Marie-Zhozefina Yovanovich, ndi Chisebiya emigre mwana wamkazi, Mara anakhala monga iye, monga Iye ananka naye kwa Khvalynsk yodziwa mayi, pali nthawi zonse anaganiza ndekha kuti Marie - French wolemekezeka.

Njira yoyamba zojambulajambula

Iwo anatchula otsatira a Matisse ndi Gauguin, iye anaitanidwa ndi symbolist French. Pakuti kumbali ya kalembedwe maphunziro, iye anali kwakukulu formalist avant-garde ganizo chitsanzo Petrov-Vodkin kwambiri chachikale chinkawavuta.

Only pamene iye anasonyeza woyamba ntchito yake yaikulu mu chimango cha "World wa Art", zinadziwika kuti ambiri kuti panali chizindikiro cha mbuye European msinkhu ndi mizu dziko ndi maganizo dziko.

"Dream" (1910) - Zojambula yotentha ndi Petrov-Vodkin kudziwika. M'tulo mnyamata akumuyembekezera kudzuka akazi awiri ndi chiyambi cha kuphulika kwa phiri pa maziko a zojambula limaonetseratu ndi phale. Kusamvana za kupenta anafika zoipa, anthu ambiri aona eroticism mwadala ndi kanthu kwambiri. Great Repin ankawazazira kwa makhalidwe otayirira kanthu, ndipo dzina lake Aleksandr Benua ndi Leon Bakst, m'malo mwake, analozera kwambiri zili aumunthu.

Mwalusocho wotchuka

Mu 1912 pa chionetsero cha "World wa Art" unatchulidwa kupenta "KUSAMBA Yofiira Hatchi" Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin. Iwo wakhala ambiri vumbulutso lenileni, phindu lake kuzindikira kwambiri wosadzayanjanika otsutsa maganizo a chithunzicho. Mmene pachithunzipa ndi osakaniza njira luso - mmene ano nthawi iyi, ndi zochokera mwambo iconographic, kubwerera mu nthawi. zili A nkwapafupi kwa onse monga premonition za tsogolo zodabwitsa padziko lonse mu Russia ndi kuzungulira dziko.

The First World nkhondo, ndi mbendera yofiira ndi February ndi October kusintha, ofiira ndi oyera asilikali yotsutsa mphamvu mu nkhondo yapachiweniweni - zonsezi nthawi anapanga zogwirizana kwambiri 'akusamba Yofiira Hatchi ". Petrov-Vodkin, ndi zina kwambiri kwambiri ndi lolondola moyang'ana m'tsogolo zawo.

Galasi ndi Mtumiki

"Game Anyamata" (1911), "Mu Line la Moto" (1916), "The Bathers" (1917), "The Petrograd Madonna" (1920), "Imfa kwa Commissioner" (1928) - Zojambula Petrov-Vodkin bwanji zachilendo kwa mophiphiritsa ndi chilengedwe lonse kuzindikira zochitika tsiku ndi tsiku ndi zochitika m'mbiri.

Kuchokera m'mbiri kutali anawona kwambiri wamasomphenya khalidwe lathu la mbuye. Pozindikira wojambula izi chi yekha Petrov-Vodkin? Zojambula - Komabe Life "hering'i" (1918), "1919. Alamu "- ngati mafanizo zolondola ndi tsogolo la Leningrad anatseka misewu ndi kupondereza, mathero yekha ndi imfa ya Stalin.

chiyambi anamupatsa chitetezo ku matenda a theoreticians cha Kuzindikira zokomera, koma ufulu kwambiri kusankha nkhani ndiponso m'njira ya mawu awo, zivute zitani zinachititsa kuti atsegule maganizo nkhondo ndi kachitidwe. N'zosadabwitsa kuti nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa imfa ya mwini ntchito Petrov-Vodkin mosamala bata mmwamba. Zinali zosavuta kuchita - waukulu kwambiri lonse luso limene anazindikira mu zojambulajambula.

Mu 1939 chithunzicho anamwalira ndi chifuwa chachikulu. Koma bola ngati pali anthu amene tingamvetse ukulu wa talente ndi zoyamikira iye mumtima chatsopano ndi malingaliro, njira adzapitiriza.