Kuphulitsa mapiri: Zoyambitsa ndi Zotsatira

Mapiri amaimira zolakwa padziko kutumphuka, amene kenako lotulukira kudzera chiphalaphala kutembenukira mu chiphalaphala mapiri mabomba limodzi. Iwo anapeza mwamtheradi m'maiko monse, koma pali malo mu dziko limodzi anthuwo. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zosiyanasiyana njira ntchito miyala. mapiri onse malingana ndi dera ntchito zawo m'magulu angapo chachikulu: lapadziko, sitima zapamadzi ndi subglacial, zinatha, matalala ndi akuchitachita.

Science kuti amachita ndi kafukufuku wa iwo wotchedwa volcanology. Ichi ndi chilango boma padziko lonse amadziwa.

kuphulitsa mapiri, zambiri amapezeka ndi zina zonse. Choncho limatulutsa wambirimbiri mpweya ndi phulusa la chiphala chamoto. mazana angapo zapitazo, anthu ankakhulupirira kuti njira izi chifukwa cha mkwiyo wa milungu. Panopa, anthu amadziwa kuti ndi kuphulika ndi khalidwe lachibadwa, ndipo amachititsa mapiri kugona mu zigawo zozama za dziko lapansi, chimene atolele madzi-hot chiphalaphala. M'madera ena, pang'onopang'ono ayamba mukwere awatulutsira chiphala pamwamba. Mwachizolowezi chiphalaphala N'zosavuta kuphonya zosiyanasiyana utsi mpweya, choncho chiphalaphala akutuluka ndi mwakachetechete. Izo zonse imaoneka ngati udzathiridwa.

Acid chiphalaphala, kukhala wandiweyani zambiri matabwa ake, amasunga mpweya nthunzi yaitali, chifukwa mu kuthamanga, ndi chiphala kuphulika kumachitika mu mawonekedwe a kuphulika lalikulu. zodabwitsazi akhoza zidzayambike ndi kayendedwe ka mbale tectonic ndi zivomezi.

Ground chiphala kuphulika-mtundu amachititsa mapangidwe woopsa pyroclastic otaya, amene amasiyana mphamvu zawo. Iwo wapangidwa ndi mpweya otentha ndi phulusa pa malo otsetsereka, mkokomo pa liwiro lalikulu. Komanso, pali kumasula mu mlengalenga wa poizoni ndi utuluke otentha chiphalaphala pamwamba. Zotsatira za kuphulika kwa mapiri m'madzi monga mwachindunji zokhudzana ndi mapangidwe mafunde oopsa komanso tsunami. Zolakwa zokhudza subglacial, chifukwa cha kuphulika kwake kwakukulu, malingana ndi malo ena miyala komanso malo, kungachititse kuti mapangidwe kugumuka, wamphamvu mudslides kugwa kuwundana okha. kuphulitsa mapiri, amaonera imfa ya zadothi ❖ kuyanika mpweya, kuipitsa amatunga, nyanja, mitsinje, ndi madzi Choncho kumwa.

Payokha, ndi Dziwani malfunctions wa zidzawonongedwa zosiyanasiyana, chiwonongeko cha nyumba zogona ndipo sanali zogona nyumba munda, njala ndi kufalitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda.

Zotsatira za kuphulika kwa kuphulika wamphamvu ndi zimakhudza mwachindunji pa kusintha kwa nyengo ndi lingachititse isanayambike otchedwa chiphala yozizira. Ash ndi mpweya opangidwa ku kuphulika, ndipo kufika wosanjikiza mumlengalenga monga bulangeti, ndi kuyika Earth zonse. dzuŵa zithe kudutsa, ndi asidi sulfuric mu mawonekedwe a mvula kugwa padziko. Zotsatira, amene analandira chifukwa cha njira awa adzakhala ofanana ndi zotsatira za yozizira nyukiliya. Kuphulika kwa mtundu umenewu n'zochepa kwambiri, ndipo tsopano asayansi akuchita zonse zotheka kuchepetsa Mwina wa asayembekezere.