Zodutsa Enteral wa utsogoleli wa mankhwala

Malinga ndi kudwala ndi osankhidwa njira ya utsogoleli wa mankhwala moti ukhoza kukhala mofulumira ndipo amagwira bwino ntchito pa thupi kwambiri. Wodziwa ubwino ndi kuipa kwa njira zosiyanasiyana za utsogoleli wa mankhwala wodwala aliyense akhoza kusankha njira yabwino.

Nthawi zambiri mankhwala zotchulidwa ndi ntchito enterally. "Ziri motani izo?" - Inu kufunsa. Mu njira ina, tinganene kuti: thirakiti m'mimba. Njira lagawidwa utsogoleli zotsatirazi.

Buccal (tsaya)

Zotsatira achire mankhwala yoyang'anira buccal kusiyana mofulumira, ndipo nthawi yomweyo kumawonjezera suction nthawi pogwiritsa ntchito formulations lapadera: mawilo yamawangamawanga, amene glued pamwamba lamkati la tsaya. Komabe, kawirikawiri njira zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti mkwiyo wa nembanemba mucous.

Sublingually - zikutanthauza chiyani?

Zagwiridwa mayamwidwe mofulumira mankhwala mu mucosa m'kamwa pamene kuwatengera pansi lilime. Ubwino wa njira izi: pophika yogwira amapita mwachindunji mu m'magazi, anyalanyaza chikoka aukali a m'mimba madzi ndi chiwindi michere; mofulumira vasodilator anachita mavuto hypertensive; mpumulo kuukira angina. Kuipa: yafupika zotsatira achire pamene ingested mbali ya mankhwala; mawonekedwe mlingo (dragees, mapiritsi, granules) iyenela pansi lilime mpaka kuvunda wathunthu chitukuko mbali zotsatira - kuyabwa kwa mucosa m'kamwa. Choncho, sublingually - zikutanthauza chiyani? Ndipo kumatanthauza mankhwala pansi lilime.

Ukazi (nyini) ndi urethral (mkodzo)

Izi maulendo zakayendesedwe ka ali makamaka ntchito zochizira matenda opatsirana a ziwalo amuna ndi akazi kugonana. Vaginally kutumikiridwa mitundu mlingo: suspensions, creams, mapiritsi, emulsions, mafuta, suppositories. Njirazi akhala ntchito zolinga matenda ndi utsogoleli wa wothandizila mosiyana.

Oral (ndi pakamwa)

Izi ndi njira yofala utsogoleli wa mankhwala enteral. Oral mlingo mitundu akutenga mankhwala ambiri. yogwira zosakaniza zili asatayike, kwa mundawo m'mimba kulowa magazi. A ndende achire kukufika mu mwazi wa zimenezo kwa mphindi 10-15 pambuyo makonzedwe mankhwala. Mogwirizana ndi madzi m'mimba, michere, zidutswa chakudya amachitidwa pa chiphaso cha medicaments enterally. Ziri ngati kutenga mankhwala mwamsanga pambuyo chakudya ndi akamadya.

Choncho, mankhwala anaukira ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana mu sing'anga acidic. Nthawi yabwino ndiyo nyengo ya kumwa mankhwala kwa mphindi makumi atatu musanadye. Panthawi imeneyi sizidzatsekedwa poyera kuti madzi muzituluka ndi pakalibe zakudya ali odzipereka mu mtsempha wa magazi mmene pazipita. Pali mitundu mlingo TACHIMATA ndi dongosolo wapadera, chifukwa chimene mankhwala akudutsa zikutsatiridwa kudzera m'mimba, ndi amasungunula yekha mu intestine ang'ono ndi chofooka chilengedwe zamchere.

Thumbo (mu rectum)

Lodziwika mwa enteral maulendo utsogoleli wa mankhwala anatumizidwa ku njira iyi. Pakuti thumbo njira ya oyendetsa mayamwidwe mofulumira kumachitika mu nthawi yochepa kukwaniritsa pazipita achire ndende ya mankhwala yogwira m'thupi la munthu. Rectally kutumikiridwa mankhwala zosiyanasiyana mlingo. Chifukwa cha dongosolo chotero, iwo unagwa ndi michere ya chiwindi ndi madzi m'mimba. Poyerekeza ndi mankhwala zotsatira m'kamwa katatu apamwamba.

The ntchito enteral njira ya utsogoleli kudzera rectum - ndiyo njira yokhayo kuthandiza wodwalayo ngati kulephera wake kumeza kapena kukhala mu boma chikomokere, ndi kusanza, zotupa pa mundawo m'mimba. Komanso ku zoyenereza za njira imeneyi ya utsogoleli monga:

• pakalibe thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi mavuto, kapena ali kochepa;
• kutsimikiziridwa mphamvu ya wothandizila thumbo zochizira anthu mwana, achikulire, amayi oyembekezera (pa toxicosis);
• akufuna osiyanasiyana mitundu Mlingo wa mankhwala a zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana pathological.

The kuipa njira enteral cha dongosolo monga:

• chifukwa makonzedwe thumbo pali kukopa anthu wamba;
• thumbo mucosa poyera kuti mkwiyo;
• kovuta ntchito;
• maganizo aliyense wodwala ntchito njira imeneyi ya utsogoleli.

Enteral njira: ubwino ndi kuipa

Mankhwala anayambitsa m'njira imeneyi, ndi pa thupi onse obwera m'dera ndi zokhudza zonse.

Ubwino wa njira imeneyi popereka mankhwala:

• mayiko ndi chomasuka phwando kwa mibadwo yonse;
• njira ambiri;
• odwala safuna thandizo la ogwira ntchito zaumoyo;
• kwathetsa mavuto mu mankhwala parenteral ntchito yeniyeni;

Kuipa enteral njira ya utsogoleli:

• kapepala kakuti m'mimba anachedwa akuchita chinthu chifukwa cha mayamwidwe mu magazi kubweza pansi;
• mankhwala kwambiri poyera kuti malo acidic;
• deactivation amapezeka kukonzekera chiwindi;
• pa mayamwidwe mankhwala zimakhudza mmene thirakiti m'mimba ndipo zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana mucous;
• pa kanthu pharmacological mankhwala bwanji wodwala zaka, pamaso pa matenda.

njira ina makonzedwe mankhwala - ndi parenteral njira.

Administration mankhwala njira imeneyi ikuchitika anyalanyaza thirakiti m'mimba ndi lagawidwa utsogoleli zotsatirazi.

mtsempha

Ubwino wa njira iyi:

• Quick kwenikweni.
• N'zotheka molondola kuwerengera chofunika ndende ya mankhwala wodwala aliyense, omwe ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa odwala kulandira mankhwala amphamvu.
• Kodi kutumikiridwa mankhwala kuti limakhumudwitsa mucosal msanga kuwola kapena kukhumudwa mankhwala ndi madzi m'mimba.

kwapakati

Izo ntchito perfusion ziwalo zina za mankhwala yogwira ali mankhwala mankhwala. Mtsempha thrombosis - zazikulu kwambiri mbali zotsatira za makonzedwe parenteral mankhwala.

mu mnofu

A ndende akangofika mankhwala mu thupi ikufika pachimake mkati mphindi 20 malinga ndi gulu pharmacological mankhwala kutumikiridwa. Voliyumu ya mankhwala analola kuti mwa njira imeneyi makonzedwe sayenera oposa 10 ml. Kuipa: zosasangalatsa kapena zopweteka kutengeka mkati ndi pambuyo utsogoleli wa mankhwala; abscess angathe, singano kulowa magazi chotengera, kuwonongeka ulusi mitsempha.

subcutaneous

Pakuti mode ichi cha dongosolo si oyenera mankhwala onse.

Zotsatira achire msanga kuposa mtsempha kapena mu mnofu njira ya boma koma limapitirira.

inhalation

Ndi mtundu uwu wa utsogoleli mankhwala mu mawonekedwe a aerosol, ufa, kapena gasi mofulumira ndithu odzipereka. Iwo ali m'dera ndi zina ambiri kanthu.

intrathecal

Mu mawonekedwe makonzedwe mankhwala jekeseni mwachindunji mu malo subarachnoid ndi ntchito milandu:

• mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi: msana kapena msana;
• kupanga mkulu wa ndende mankhwala antibacterial kapena mahomoni.

Pamene mankhwala umagwiritsidwa ntchito timitu kwa nembanemba mucous (mphuno, maso, khungu) kapena pamwamba pa khungu kuti alenge zonse mukuchitika kapena zokhudza zonse zotsatira.

Kuipa: ntchito nthawi yaitali, mu kukonzekera makamaka timadzi, nthawi zambiri kukhala zochita mbali monga kuyabwa.

Ndi physiotherapeutic njira electrophoresis mankhwala padziko mwa masiku ano anasamutsa mu zigawo zozama za khungu, kupereka chofunika kanthu pharmacological.

analinso Special

osakaniza Enteral anafotokozedwa ndi ntchito zochizira matenda osiyanasiyana:

• shuga;
• aimpso, kwa chiwindi, m'mapapo kulephera;
• dysbiosis ndi matenda ena m'mimba.

Michere osakaniza chifukwa kukhalapo kwa prebiotics kuthandiza m'njira pa thupi la munthu;

• matenda a m'mimba ndi m'matumbo;
• bwino matumbo motility ndi mayamwidwe yogwira ndondomeko;
• kulimbikitsa kusinthika kwa zaminyewa m'matumbo minofu;
• kumachepetsa shuga mlingo mayamwidwe;
• amawamvetsera kutsitsa mafuta.

Bwino osankhidwa njira ya utsogoleli kwa wodwala makamaka kutenga nkhani mavuto, nthawi osachepera isanayambike kanthu pharmacological mankhwala, komanso kutenga nkhani chikhalidwe chake ndi imodzi mwa mavuto amene ntchito zaumoyo.