Beta-blockers

Beta-blockers ntchito ngati mankhwala antihypertensive kuyambira zaka zao za sikisite oyambirira. Popeza kudziwika zotsatira woyamba wa mankhwalawa ndi tsiku mogwira awo zalembedwa bwino maphunziro ambiri ankalamulira, komanso poyerekeza ndi mmene njira zambiri zamakono.

Beta-blockers ntchito bwinobwino kuti magazi kuchepetsa ndi kulepheretsa chitukuko cha matenda a mtima ndi imfa. Limagwirira cha zochita zawo antihypertensive zachokera kuchepetsa linanena bungwe mtima chifukwa kuchepetsa mphamvu ndi pafupipafupi contractions. Komanso, beta-blockers zimathandiza kuti yimitsira wa katulutsidwe wa renin mu juxtaglomerular (okoloklubochkovom) impso zida ndi pankhaniyi, ndi bwino kubisa ntchito za renin-angiotenzinaldosteronovoy ndi machitidwe chapakati vasomotor.

ntchito zawo yaitali imfayo kuchepa kukaniza mtima (okwana zotumphukira), chifukwa kuchuluka baroreceptor tilinazo ndi kupanga mpanda mtima wa prostacyclin (prostaglandin vasodilating).

Various beta-blockers ntchito pa mlingo wofanana, ndi zofanana kwenikweni hypotensive. Full zotsatira antihypertensive akufotokozera mwa masabata awiri kapena anayi. "Kulipira" syndrome kumachitika ndi maziko a mankhwala yaitali. Kupewa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi saletsa yomweyo, ndipo pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa mlingo kwa masiku khumi ndi anai.

Zokhudza zonse kukhudzana ndi mankhwala, makamaka sanali kusankha, kungakhale chitukuko cha zotsatira kukomoka kwambiri mtima ndi noncardiac mbali.

Gulu loyamba zikuphatikizapo matenda mu psycho-maganizo maziko (maganizo, matenda tulo, etc.), zizindikiro kupuma (bronchospasm), vasoconstriction zotumphukira (likukulira claudication, m'makona ozizira, etc.), minofu kufooka, kusabala. Zotsatira Extracardiac mbali kuimira kuwonongeka kwa ntchito aimpso chifukwa cha kuchepetsedwa magazi mu impso ndi mavuto mu zamadzimadzi ndi zimam'patsa kagayidwe.

Mu mawonekedwe mtima gulu zikuphatikizapo:

• mtima ikukoka ntchito mpata umene limodzi ndi zizindikiro za akusowa;
• anatseka misewu (atrioventricular sinoatrialnaya) Mtima ndi bradycardia;
• hypotension ndi kuchepa kwambiri magazi;
• antiarrhythmic kwenikweni.

Tikumbukenso kuti zosiyanasiyana pharmacological katundu blocker limakupatsani kusankha mulingo woyenera mankhwala pafupifupi nkhani iliyonse. Izi amaganizira ndi tolerability wa mankhwala, ngozi wotsikitsitsa zochitika chowawa, nthawi ya kukhudzana ndi mtundu wa zinthu matenda.

Kusankha beta-blockers monga mankhwala yekha amalola kuti normalization wa magazi m'ma 40-50% ya odwala matenda oopsa. Poyerekezera ndi yaikulu odwala achinyamata, pakati ndi akulu msinkhu, mmene zimakhalanso m'munsi mwa okalamba. Ntchito okodzetsa thiazide osakaniza ndi beta-blocker kumatha kusiyana. Choncho, mphamvu ya mankhwala ngati kuphatikiza kumawonjezera kuti 78-80%.

Beta-blockers kuti kuchitira angina zatenga malo apadera. Mu matenda, mankhwala ntchito monga Anaprillin (obzidan), Sotalol, Atenolol, Konkor, Monotard.

Mmene onse mankhwala umalimbana kuchepetsa magazi ndi "deceleration" kugunda kwa mtima. Mlingo wa mankhwala aliyense anasankha dokotala mwangwiro payekha.

Mankhwala contraindicated mu mphumu, aakulu obstructive matenda m'mapapo mwanga, atrioventricular chipika wachiwiri kapena digiri lachitatu. Osavomerezeka ntchito beta-blockers mu shuga kulolerana mkhutu, zotumphukira matenda wolumikizira, othamanga ndi anthu zolimbitsa thupi.