Chuma Greece tsopano (mwachidule). Zochita za chuma Greek. Economy of Ancient Greece

Greece ndi boma unitary, limene lili kum'mwera kwa Ulaya. Malinga ndi ziwerengero atsopano a anthu dziko ndi anthu oposa 11 miliyoni. Agiriki Republic chimakwirira kudera la mamita lalikulu 132 zikwi. Km. Panopa boma anali wautali kwambiri mavuto a zachuma, zomwe zinachititsa misewu ikuluikulu anabwera kunyanyala wosatha, zipolowe, akuganizira akatiputa.

dziko mbiri

Likulu la Greece ndi Athens. Waukulu malamulo thupi - yamalamulo. M'chaka cha 2015 pulezidenti wa Republic ndi Prokopis Pavlopoulos. Greece linalandira ufulu mu 1821, anasiyanitsidwa Ottoman Caliphate.

Pamtunda wa boma unitary pa Balkan Peninsula. Mu ulamuliro wa dziko kugwera zilumba zambiri malo. Greece yokha lagawidwa zigawo 13 utsogoleri. Ndasambitsa Thracian, Icarian, Aegean, Krete, Ionian ndi nyanja ya Mediterranean. M'malire okwana dziko ndi mayiko monga Albania, Bulgaria, Turkey ndi Macedonia. Population ndi 98% Orthodox. Ngakhale olemera chikhalidwe ndi mbiri yakale cholowa, momwe zinthu zirili pano Greece mu ndale za dziko ndi chuma tsiku lililonse likadutsa kumakhaladi zambiri tenuous. dziko chimakhala chogwidwa ndi zigawo za ulimi ndi mafakitale. A mbali ya profitability a boma ali ndi zokopa alendo.

Magwero a chuma

Ancient Greece amatchedwa midzi wakale amene anaonekera pa chiyambi cha woyamba Zakachikwi BC. e. pa gombe ndi kuzilumba za nyanja ya Mediterranean. Masiku amenewo, chitukuko zotsogola anali Rome ndi Greece. chuma zinali zochokera dongosolo kapolo. Ndi chuma payekha anali maziko a ntchito zachuma.

anthu wamba ndi statehood anapanga pang'onopang'ono ndi kukhazikitsa magulu demokalase. Hellas poyamba anali ndi mabwalo a lolemera. Chuma cha Greece wakale kunkadalira pa ntchito zachuma ndondomeko imene inakhazikitsidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa anthu ammudzi. Mzinda uliwonse ogwirizana chuma cha olemekezeka. Mamembala a mtengo anali ufulu ndale ndi boma. Zinali iwo amene maziko ubale ndalama ndi chofunika. The gawo yaikulu ya chuma anali ulimi Mwachitsanzo, kulima mphesa ndi azitona. Zotsatirazi ng'ombe wadutsa (nkhosa, mbuzi ndi zina zotero. D.). Akatswiri ndi alimi kuchita malonda. Back mu masiku akale a Greece m'mayiko anali olemera mu zinthu ngati zothandiza ngati mkuwa, siliva, golide, kutsogolera, ndi za nsangalabwi.

Chitukuko cha chuma masiku ano

The heyday wa ntchito ndalama kunayamba 1996. Choncho GDP analipo pafupifupi $ biliyoni 120. Per munthu pa chaka kulandira $ 11.500. Ndiye, ndi mitengo kukula zazikulu adzabweranso mwa atsogoleri a mayiko a ku Ulaya zinali Greece. chuma ndi mabwalo pa nthawiyo zinali zochokera bwino ulimi ndi m'mafakitale. Cholowa cha kumabungwe amenewa nkhani zoposa 55%. Onse a anthu ndi iperekedwe ntchito ndi misonkho ku mabungwe zokopa alendo. Ulova si upambana 11%.

Kuyambira cha m'ma 21th zinali zodzaza ndi dziko kusintha kwambiri ndalama. Mu Greece mwadzidzidzi kukokedwa ndi ndalama zakunja. Pa dzanja limodzi, ndi ziziyenda chuma ndi kutseka mipata m'mbali zina zofunika. Pa zina - dongosolo dziko anasinthira kuti kusakanikirana Western. Chifukwa, Greece wakhala pang'onopang'ono anagwetsa abwenzi ake mu European Union. Gwirani likulu amathandiza okha ngongole ikhale ku America, Italy, French, Swiss ndi mabanki German. Komabe, khalidwe lalikulu la chuma Greek ndi kumabungwe sinasinthe kwambiri m'kupita. GDP ku ulimi 8.3%, zone mafakitale - mpaka 27,3% ku misonkhano - kuposa 64,4%. Pa nthawi yomweyo zofuna za nzika za mafuta madzi alipo yekha likuvutika imports.

zizindikiro General chuma

Umodzi mwa mitundu agro anayamba a ku Ulaya akhala ankaona kuti Greece. chuma dziko pa ofanana ndi chimaposa ngakhale ena mwa mamembala yoyamba ya EU. The downside yekha kuti kumalepheretsa kukhalapo mafakitale Greece, ndi mlingo pafupifupi zokolola.

State gawo amapereka pang'ono zosakwana hafu ya GDP. Izi zimatheka mwa ntchito bwino anayamba ndi dongosolo la kubanki. gawo ndalama ndi kubweretsa kampani ya inshuwalansi, ndipo ntchito zokopa alendo. Koma makampani, mu zaka zapitazi yopindulitsa kwambiri ndi nsalu, petrochemical, chakudya ndi zitsulo. Nawonso kugwirizana njanji ali ofooka, amene si mpweya ndi nyanja. Ambiri, chuma Greek ndi mwachidule yodziwika ndi zigawo ziwiri: stagnation a dongosolo banki ndipo m'mbuyo kukula kwa GDP. Dziwani kuti pafupifupi 20% la zolowa ndalama zatenga mthunzi tranches.

Makampani ndi ulimi

Kapangidwe m'makalata a dziko kupangika omangidwa ndi yakusatetezeka lonse. Koma makampani imodzi ya mphamvu yaikulu kachiwiri Greece. chuma dziko ndi kudzadza kwa katundu uyu nsomba ndi pafupifupi 19%. Pa nthawi yomweyo nawo makampani kuwala kuposa 21% ya anthu.

Mwakhama kukhala ncho faifi tambala miyala, bauxite, emery, magnetite, galasi. Chabwino anayamba kupanga zitsulo, makina zomangamanga, kupala matabwa. Patsogolo ndi makampani nsalu. Zofunika kwa chuma kutumiza.

Agriculture zachokera mayanjano mlimi payekha. Chifukwa iwo chuma Greek ndi kudzadza chaka ndi 7%, ndipo pafupifupi $ biliyoni 16. The sipekitiramu zikuphatikizapo nyama ulimi ulimi, ulimi ndi nsomba. Pakali pano, 41% ya dziko dziko wotanganidwa ndi msipu, koma 39% - nkhalango ndi kulima.

profitability alendo

Greece chaka anachezeredwa ndi pafupifupi 20 miliyoni alendo. Alendo kubweretsa chuma cha boma oposa 15% ya GDP. The kaŵirikaŵiri kukaona malo ndi magombe. Sunbathers ndi kusambira kubwera chilimwe chilichonse mu Athens, Chora, Heraklion, Thessaloníki ndi midzi ina yaikulu achisangalalo. Kukopa alendo ndi kukongola ndi mlengalenga zosaneneka za mogwirizana ndi zilumba monga Rhodes, Krete, Santorini, Peloponnese, Mykonos. Usachite wabisa kunena za ambiri maulendo zimafika kwa nyanja ya Mediterranean.

Komabe, angapo zapitazi pakhala ndithu, chilikupita alendo. Only mu zoyambirira za 2015 panali 22% zosakwana ananeneratu. Choncho, chuma cha Greece aziphonya biliyoni 6,8 dollars.

Alendo ambiri kuti posachedwapa yopindulitsa kwambiri kupita patchuthi mu Crimea, Bulgaria kapena Turkey. Pali ndipo mitengo wokhulupirika ndi nchito zabwino bwino.

mavuto ngongole

Lililonse ngongole chaka ndalama Greece akupitirizabe likutuluka. Pakali pano, ngongole kunja kwa boma ndi mayuro oposa biliyoni 450. ndalamazo kuposa GDP pachaka pafupifupi 2 zina. Likukhalira, mu dziko lino kamodzi-bwino ngati Greece, chuma chagona pa muyezo. Akatswiri amanena ngongoleyo okwana mu 2018 akafuna mayuro 600 biliyoni. Izi ndi nkhani sikunachitekepo kuti anazunguzika osati Greek dongosolo banki, komanso Ulaya. Mwachibadwa, palibe benefiti ngakhale kuti alipire osachepera.

Boma Greek mofulumira anayamba kupereka ndalama lalikulu okhulupirika kwa pulogalamu wamba. Komabe ngati yekha kaye mosalephera. Pofikira mu dziko wayamba kale.

Zimayambitsa mavuto azachuma

chuma Greece tsopano pa siteji ya stagnation. Mu January 2015 boma latsopano mu dziko. ntchito othandiza anali kufunafuna njira zina ziziyenda chuma popanda thandizo la Bank chapakati ku Ulaya.

Mu March 2015 Greece anakana ngongoleyo, kupindula mu mawonekedwe okhwima a tsankho ake utalembedwa-offs. Mu June, wotuluka onse kutsazikana ndi Athens International Monetary Fund. Patsogolo lapindulidwa, ndi Bank ku Central a ku Ulaya. Komanso, mu July oyambirira, boma amapereka zotsatira za referendum pa chakuti thandizo EU. Choncho, chuma Greece lerolino - izo ndi zakuya kusakhulupirika, linanena bungwe limene adzapezeka msanga.

thandizo ngongole

Mafuta mwayi pa ofunika mavuto vuto ndi kuvomereza bungwe la European. Gululi okonzeka kupereka Greece ndi ngongole kwa nyengo yaifupi kuchuluka kwa mayuro biliyoni 7. Izi yochepa kutsogolera dziko kunja kwa kusakhulupirika. Komabe, kubweza ndalamazo adzakhala mpaka October chaka chino, kuphatikiza. Pamodzi ndi Greece, ngongole ndiponso mavuto ena anapereka kuvomereza ntchito yapadera ya EU.

Malinga posachedwapa, zikuonekeratu kuti chipani cha Alexis Tsipras ambiri a parliamentarians anavota ovomerezeka a zambiri ndi EU. Tsopano Greece apeza mwayi tsankho kuchira.