The Republic of Komi anthu. Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi ntchito Komi

Far North - m'dziko nkhanza kumene anthu wapadera momwemo. Choncho, Komi Republic, kumene anthu ali ndi yowala mbali chosiyana ndi chidwi mwa mawu a ntundu, Chaanthu, maganizo, anthu ndi chuma. Kodi nkhanza moyo pa chiwerengero cha? Tikuuze za anthu mabwalo ndi makhalidwe ake.

Udindo Hrs wa Komi

Autonomous Republic of Komi, anthu amene tikukambiranawa, ili mu kwambiri kumpoto kwa European gawo la Russia. Mpumulo wa dera anatsimikiza ndi malo ake: mbali ya m'dera ataphimbidwa ndi m'zigwa ndi chimakhala chogwidwa ndi lathyathyathya mtunda, ndi mbali ya dera lagona pa otsetsereka kumadzulo kwa mapiri a Ural, ndipo ndi mtunda mapiri, chapamwamba. kumalire dera ndi awiri mayiko yoyenda yokha: Khanty-Mansi ndi Yamalo-Nenets, komanso Arkhangelsk, Sverdlovsk ndi Kirov m'madera ndi Perm dera. The dera wolemera kwambiri zachilengedwe: mafuta, gasi, bauxite, titaniyamu, manganese ndi ores ena. 72% ya gawo lawo ataphimbidwa ndi nkhalango, pali zimachitika ena wokongola lalikulu mitsinje: Pechora, Vychegda, Mezen. Komanso pali pafupifupi 78 000 nyanja zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. About 7% ya Komi dziko wotanganidwa ndi m'madambo, pamene pali madipoziti yaikulu peat. Komi - dziko la chikhalidwe pristine, pano ndi malo ochepa kuti ayeneradi kunena mutu wa zodabwitsa zachilengedwe Russia.

Nyengo ndiponso kukhala malo

Ngakhale kuti Komi ndi mwachirengedwe gawo la Europe, nyengo ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi zinthu European. Madera onse a Far North amakhala ndi mavuto ndithu moyo, imadalira ndi Republic Komi. Chiwerengero kalekale pano kumenyana kupulumuka kugonjetsa mavuto ambiri amene amabwera mthupi. Wongolerani chokhala ozizira nyengo yodziwika ndi yaitali komanso yozizira lalifupi chilimwe ozizira. South ndi kumpoto kwa dziko asemphana nyengo anasonyeza. Choncho gawo kumpoto kuphimba nyengo yozizira kuti masiku 250 chaka, kum'mwera kwa nyengo iyi si masiku oposa 180. Komanso, kusiyana ndi bwino kuonekera kutentha zolimbitsa. M'nyengo yozizira, kum'mwera pafupifupi mapulogalamu thermometer opanda 15, ndi kumpoto - opanda 22. mpweya incursions kuchokera kum'mwera Arctic thermometer akhoza kukhala pansi ndi madigiri opanda 45, ndi kumpoto - ku opanda 55 kapena kuchepera. M'chilimwe dera ndi waufupi kwambiri, mu nthaka kumpoto thaws zosaposa mita. Wapakati kutentha yotentha kum'mwera kwa 15, kumpoto - madigiri 11. mvula yambiri kugwa pa dziko, mpaka mamilimita 700 pa chaka. Chifukwa mkulu, pafupifupi nthawi zonse mitambo si masiku zokwanira dzuwa m'chigawochi. Features moyo anakumana ndi anthu akuderalo, ndi mphepo yamphamvu ndithu, masiku pafupifupi 120 pa chaka mphepo iwombela pa 15 m / s. Komanso, derali lili mu zone kumalo ozizira a usana ndi usiku. Popeza December, pasanathe masiku 44, dzuwa saukitsidwa, ndipo mu May akuyamba tsiku kumalo ozizira, pamene sukupita. Awa mavuto amoyo kupanga izo mavuto kwambiri moyo anthu. N'zosatheka kuchita ulimi, usiku kumalo ozizira ndi otsika dzuwa m'maderawa zoipa kwa psyche wa anthu.

utsogoleri magawano

Komi Republic, amene anthu ambiri amakhala m'madera a m'tawuni, lagawidwa m'zigawo 12 ndi midzi 8, mwachindunji Kumvetsela ku likulu Republican. Aliyense chilli ali yoyang'anira, amene inati mwachindunji ndi mutu wa Republic.

Chiwerengero cha anthu Komi: Mphamvu ndi zikuchitika

Mwadongosolo ananena chiwerengero cha anthu mu Komi kuyamba kuyambira 1926, pamene izo zimayambitsa kukula kwapang'onopang'ono wa North. Ndiye chiwerengero cha Komi anthu ndi anthu 207 sauzande. Kuyambira 1928, chiwerengero cha anthu ikukula likunena, ndi 1959 munkakhala anthu zina 815. zikwi, ndi 1989 - 1.2 miliyoni anthu. Komabe, ndi chiyambi cha perestroika akuyamba eksodo, ndipo kuchepa zaziwerengero. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti boma kuchepetsa kukula kwa anzawo ndi ndalama dera, kumene lotero anachita chiwerengero. Chaka chilichonse chiwerengero cha anthu mu dera yafupika ndi makumi ochepa anthu ambiri. Masiku ano, anthu 856.000 moyo pano.

Kachulukidwe ndi anthu yogawa

Komi - m'dziko m'chipululu, anthu kachulukidwe ndi anthu 2,06 pa sq. Km. Employment Service a anthu Komi kutsogolera malo polojekiti mu dziko, zikusonyeza kuti 78% ya anthu amakonda kuthetsa m'mizinda. mizinda yambiri lalikulu ndi Siktivkar (anthu 243 zikwi ..) Ukhta (anthu 98 zikwi ..), Vorkuta (58 chikwi.), Pechora (anthu 40 zikwi ..) Usinsk (39 zikwi anthu.). kwambiri ndi m'tauni yaing'ono ya Ayenela-Kool (5 zikwi. pers.). Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti likulu - m'tauni okha ndi mumaganiza zabwino anthu. Anthu amakonda kukhala mzinda waukulu, ndipo pali nthenda ya anthu a m'midzi ndi m'matauni ang'onoang'ono Syktyvkar.

makhalidwe a anthu

An Komi anthu mafuko ndi osiyanasiyana ndithu. About 65% ya anthu amadziona Russian, 24% - Komi, 4% - Ukrainians, Chitata - 1.2%. The mitundu ina zimapanga zosakwana 1% ya anthu. Chiwerengero cha akazi m'chigawo kwambiri kuposa amuna iliyonse amuna 1000 akazi 1106. The zaka apakatikati wa Komi - zaka 34,5. Wapakati moyo amayembekezeka ndi zaka 69, zomwe ndi pang'ono poyerekeza magawo onse Russian. Chiwerengero zizindikiro m'chigawo zabwino ndithu: mlingo kubadwa pang'ono, koma kukula, imfa imagwera bwinobwino. Koma ngakhale kuti analembedwa zachilengedwe kuchuluka kwa anthu (1.3%) mu dziko, koma chiwerengero cha anthu yafupika chifukwa kusamuka kunja. Anthu ndi pang'onopang'ono koma masamba Republic Komi, ndipo izi zimabweretsa mavuto azachuma m'chigawochi.

chuma m'maderawa

Kulunjika kwa zachuma Komi ndi mafakitale ŵa - kampani migodi. Yaikulu opereka msonkho ndi mabwana makampani kwa m'zigawo ndi zoyendera mpweya, malasha ndi mafuta. Komanso, mtendere wa Republic kupereka makampani monga zamkati ndi pepala mphero, ndi ogwira ntchito kwa mankhwala nkhalango. Komanso, ntchito ya anthu Komi kupereka ogwira moyo ndi utumiki. GDP pa munthu ndi 490 zikwi rubles chaka, umene uli wokongola kwambiri Russia.

ntchito

Employment Center wa Komi timva anthu kuchokera 2009 dontho chiwerengero cha anthu nawo ntchito yopanga. mlingo wa kusowa ntchito anapitiriza chithunzi cha 9%, umene uli kwambiri ngakhale ndi mfundo Russian. Pachimake vuto la ulova akazi, kuyambira gawo la chuma dera makamaka kupereka ntchito kwa anthu a kudzinenera ntchito. Choncho, mu dera lova anthu ndi maphunziro apamwamba zambiri.

Makamaka pachimake ndi vuto ntchito kwa amayi zaka 25 mpaka 50, chifukwa iwo alibe mwayi wantchito, ngakhale pa ukatswiri ntchito. Zonsezi kumabweretsa outflow Kusamuka kwa anthu. Makamaka achinyamata kusiya, kupeza maphunziro, chifukwa sangapeze ntchito.